Table 2.
TNF-α and MCP-1 mRNA levels are selectively elevated in the entorhinal cortex of 3xTg-AD mice prior to overt amyloid plaque pathology. Total RNA was purified from microdissected entorhinal cortex from 2, 3, and 6 month-old 3xTg-AD and non-transgenic control mice. cDNA was generated and subjected to Applied Biosystems Microfluidic Card analysis, a high-throughput quantitative RT-PCR technology that facilitates the simultaneous quantitation of 23 inflammation-related transcriptional targets. Of the panel of transcripts analyzed, only TNF-α and MCP-1 transcript levels were significantly enhanced by 6 months of age specifically within the entorhinal cortex of 3xTg-AD mice (n = 6/group). These cytokine transcripts were unchanged in the entorhinal cortex of non-transgenic mice at all time-points analyzed. *p < 0.0005 when compared to the 2 month timepoint. Proinflammatory transcript expression in 3xTg-AD and non-transgenic mice in the entorhinal cortex
| 3xTg-AD | Non-Transgenic | |||
| 3 months | 6 months | 3 months | 6 months | |
| Marker | Fold Change (Relative to 2 months) | Fold Change (Relative to 2 months) | Fold Change (Relative to 2 months) | Fold Change (Relative to 2 months) |
| C3 | 0.357 +/- 0.258 | 0.615 +/- 0.477 | 0.94 +/- 0.622 | 4.432 +/- 9.424 |
| MCP-1 (CCL2) | 5.079 +/- 4.826 | 10.796* +/- 3.298 | 1.459 +/- 1.230 | 2.616 +/- 5.184 |
| CCL3 | 0.317 +/- 0.279 | 0.521 +/- 0.388 | 0.754 +/- 0.394 | 0.414 +/- 0.170 |
| Fractalkine | 0.853 +/- 0.215 | 0.858 +/- 0.333 | 1.584 +/- 0.568 | 0.989 +/- 0.311 |
| IP10 | 1.291 +/- 0.911 | 1.922 +/- 1.028 | 1.157 +/- 0.507 | 1.393 +/- 1.062 |
| TNF-α | 5.299 +/- 4.580 | 14.822* +/- 5.618 | 1.215 +/- 1.793 | 1.702 +/- 1.916 |
| TGF-β | 1.149 +/- 0.181 | 1.092 +/- 0.527 | 1.054 +/- 0.178 | 0.922 +/- 0.312 |
| IL-2 | 1.292 +/- 0.830 | 1.900 +/- 2.225 | 0.811 +/- 0.218 | 1.459 +/- 0.740 |
| IL-6 | 2.216 +/- 2.921 | 4.900 +/- 5.817 | 1.632 +/- 1.604 | 3.340 +/- 4.726 |
| IL-8 | 0.110 +/- 0.075 | 0.190 +/- 0.180 | 0.350 +/- 0.234 | 0.424 +/- 0.418 |
| IL-1α | 0.932 +/- 0.243 | 1.371 +/- 0.687 | 0.788 +/- 0.290 | 0.568 +/- 0.285 |
| IL-1β | 0.413 +/- 0.478 | 0.899 +/- 0.925 | 1.528 +/- 1.502 | 0.893 +/- 0.859 |
| IL-12α | 0.402 +/- 0.182 | 0.444 +/- 0.346 | 15.159 +/- 22.054 | 13.181 +/- 13.192 |
| ICAM 1 | 1.000 +/- 0.317 | 1.215 +/- 0.567 | 1.029 +/- 0.076 | 0.733 +/- 0.202 |
| VCAM 1 | 1.031 +/- 0.067 | 0.969 +/- 0.399 | 0.890 +/- 0.137 | 0.690 +/- 0.337 |
| CD4 | 3.149 +/- 2.363 | 2.191 +/- 1.772 | 0.549 +/- 0.488 | 0.605 +/- 0.440 |
| CD8 | 0.876 +/- 0.603 | 2.190 +/- 1.978 | 0.329 +/- 0.433 | 9.954 +/- 17.454 |
| CD80 | 0.888 +/- 0.158 | 0.812 +/- 0.460 | 0.822 +/- 0.473 | 0.714 +/- 0.451 |
| CD86 | 0.839 +/- 0.237 | 0.843 +/- 0.394 | 1.002 +/- 0.207 | 0.628 +/- 0.237 |
| Ptgs1 | 1.066 +/- 0.225 | 1.270 +/- 0.609 | 1.165 +/- 0.232 | 0.966 +/- 0.323 |
| Ptgs2 | 0.725 +/- 0.265 | 0.538 +/- 0.261 | 2.105 +/- 1.357 | 1.369 +/- 0.485 |
| Caspase 3 | 0.955 +/- 0.171 | 0.900 +/- 0.424 | 0.884 +/- 0.173 | 0.741 +/- 0.366 |
| VEGF | 0.887 +/- 0.214 | 0.811 +/- 0.266 | 0.959 +/- 0.229 | 0.974 +/- 0.618 |
*p < 0.0005, student t test:two sample equal variance