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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Jan 6.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Stimul. 2025 Sep 11;18(6):1726–1740. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2025.09.004

Fig. 6. 10 and 40 Hz TUS strongly entrains Vm and enhances inter-trial phase coherence.

Fig. 6.

(a, c) Vm traces from example 10 Hz− (a) and 40 Hz-entrained (c) neurons. (b, d) Polar plots of phase angles at pulse onset for the neurons in (a) and (c). (e, g) Normalized Vm traces across all 10 Hz− (e, N = 22) and 40 Hz-entrained (g, N = 7) neurons. (f, h) Polar histograms of phase angles at pulse onset across all 10 Hz− (f, N = 22) and 40 Hz-entrained (h, N = 7) neurons. (i, k) Heatmaps of Vm responses for all entrained neurons at 10 Hz (i) and 40 Hz (k), sorted by response amplitude. (j, l) Normalized pulse-triggered Vm across all entrained neurons at 10 Hz (j) and 40 Hz (l). (m, p) Inter-trial coherence (ITC) across frequencies aligned to stimulation onset for all entrained neurons at 10 Hz (m) and 40 Hz (p). (n, q) ITC amplitude at 10 Hz (n) and 40 Hz (q). (o, r) Violin plots comparing ITC across pre-, during (stimulation), and post-TUS periods for 10 Hz (o) and 40 Hz (r) entrained neurons. *, p < 0.05, Wilcoxon signed-rank test (Suppl. Table 3).