Table 2.
Associations of clinical characteristics with depression and anxiety (binary Yes/No).
| Variables | Total | Depression | Anxiety | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | No | Yes | |||
| Total | 122 | 55(45.1%) | 67(54.9%) | 67(54.9%) | 55(45.1%) | |
| Since when were you diagnosed with type 1 diabetes? | 1–5 years | 19 | 11(57.9%) | 8(42.1%) | 11(57.9%) | 8(42.1%) |
| 6–10 years | 17 | 5(29.4%) | 12(70.6%) | 9(52.9%) | 8(47.1%) | |
| > 10 years | 86 | 39(45.3%) | 47(54.7%) | 47(54.7%) | 39(45.3%) | |
| p-value | 0.260 | 0.961 | ||||
| Type of treatment used for type 1 diabetes? | Multiple daily injections | 83 | 36(43.4%) | 47(56.6%) | 41(49.4%) | 42(50.6%) |
| Insulin pump | 38 | 18(47.4%) | 20(52.6%) | 25(65.8%) | 13(34.2%) | |
| Others | 1 | 1(100.0%) | 0(0.0%) | 1(100.0%) | 0(0.0%) | |
| p-value | 0.553 | 0.140 | ||||
| Monitoring of blood sugar levels method | Continuous glucose monitoring system/sensor | 93 | 39(41.9%) | 54(58.1%) | 50(53.8%) | 43(46.2%) |
| Glucometer | 29 | 16(55.2%) | 13(44.8%) | 17(58.6%) | 12(41.4%) | |
| p-value | 0.285 | 0.675 | ||||
| Number of diabetic ketoacidosis admissions | 0 | 52 | 24(46.2%) | 28(53.8%) | 29(55.8%) | 23(44.2%) |
| 1 | 32 | 13(40.6%) | 19(59.4%) | 18(56.3%) | 14(43.8%) | |
| > 1 | 38 | 18(47.4%) | 20(52.6%) | 20(52.6%) | 18(47.4%) | |
| p-value | 0.847 | 0.946 | ||||
| Do you have any complications related to diabetes? | None | 104 | 48(46.2%) | 56(53.8%) | 59(56.7%) | 45(43.3%) |
| One complication | 13 | 4(30.8%) | 9(69.2%) | 4(30.8%) | 9(69.2%) | |
| More than one complication | 5 | 3(60.0%) | 2(40.0%) | 4(80.0%) | 1(20.0%) | |
| p-value | 0.442 | 0.119 | ||||
| Do you have other comorbidities beside diabetes? | No comorbidity | 66 | 31(47.0%) | 35(53.0%) | 37(56.1%) | 29(43.9%) |
| One comorbidity | 36 | 14(38.9%) | 22(61.1%) | 20(55.6%) | 16(44.4%) | |
| More than one comorbidity | 20 | 10(50.0%) | 10(50.0%) | 10(50.0%) | 10(50.0%) | |
| p-value | 0.702 | 0.938 | ||||
| Smoking status | Non-smoker | 93 | 44(47.3%) | 49(52.7%) | 52(55.9%) | 41(44.1%) |
| Smoker | 15 | 5(33.3%) | 10(66.7%) | 6(40.0%) | 9(60.0%) | |
| Ex-smoker | 14 | 6(42.9%) | 8(57.1%) | 9(64.3%) | 5(35.7%) | |
| p-value | 0.553 | 0.391 | ||||