TABLE 2.

Induction of monokine release in human whole blood by LPS and LTA^a

Monokine	Response (ng/ml) to:
	LPS S. a. e. (HIC-purified)	LTA (S. aureus)	LTA (B. subtilis)
IL-1β	22.6 ± 5	2.2 ± 0.82**	18.2 ± 3.7
IL-6	5.5 ± 1.5	4.3 ± 2.1	2.2 ± 0.5
IL-10	0.6 ± 0.2	0.2 ± 0.1*	0.9 ± 0.1

^aLPS from Salmonella abortus equi (S. a. e.) (Sigma) was repurified by HIC and compared to butanol-extracted LTAs from S. aureus and B. subtilis. All stimuli were incubated at a concentration of 10 μg/ml in whole blood (n = 6). The cytokine response after 24 h of incubation was measured by ELISA. The data are means ± standard errors of the means. In the absence of stimuli, no significant release of these monokines was found. The paired raw data were tested against results with LPS for significance. Single asterisk, P < 0.05. Double asterisk, P < 0.01.