Table 4.
Comparison of demographic data, laboratory investigations, PAI, SOFA score, 7-day mortality, MPO, and CIT-HIST-H3 between positive-DIC and negative-DIC sepsis patients subgroups.
| Sepsis patient group No. = 138 |
Positive-DIC | Negative-DIC | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. = 30 | No. = 108 | |||
| Age (years) | Mean ± SD | 62.93 ± 16.03 | 50.7 ± 17.96 | 0.020• |
| Range | 34–89 | 16–84 | ||
| Sex | Male | 8 (26.7%) | 42 (38.9%) | 0.384* |
| Female | 22 (73.3%) | 66 (61.1%) | ||
| HB g/dL | Mean ± SD | 9.24 ± 1.82 | 9.97 ± 1.79 | 0.169• |
| Range | 5.1–11.6 | 6.8–17 | ||
| WBCs (x103/ul) | Mean ± SD | 14.27 ± 4.41 | 12.82 ± 5.07 | 0.318• |
| Range | 7–22.2 | 3.4–32.8 | ||
| PNL (x103/ul) | Mean ± SD | 13.77 ± 4.23 | 9.95 ± 4.45 | 0.004• |
| Range | 6.3–20.65 | 2.02–27.54 | ||
| LYMP (x103/ul) | Median (IQR) | 0.68(0.5–1.11) | 1.17(0.8–2.01) | 0.006≠ |
| Range | 0.4–1.3 | 0.14–3.8 | ||
| N/L ratio | Median (IQR) | 17.84(12.6–26.3) | 7.2(5.2–12) | 0.000≠ |
| Range | 6.53–36.24 | 0.77–115 | ||
| PLTs (x103/ul) | Median (IQR) | 46(30–81) | 134.5(100–236) | 0.000≠ |
| Range | 2–220 | 39–602 | ||
| PT (sec) | Mean ± SD | 27.06 ± 15.51 | 18.24 ± 6.04 | 0.001• |
| Range | 14.2–70.5 | 12.9–44.8 | ||
| INR | Mean ± SD | 2.29 ± 1.28 | 1.71 ± 0.78 | 0.033• |
| Range | 1.3–5.84 | 1.13–4.62 | ||
| PTT (sec) | Mean ± SD | 65.84 ± 37.76 | 49.53 ± 25.34 | 0.057• |
| Range | 31.3–140 | 23.9–130 | ||
|
FDPs (< 5 Ug/ml) |
Median (IQR) | 45(35.8–58.9) | 20.6(10–28.2) | 0.000≠ |
| Range | 19–160 | 3–170 | ||
|
D dimer (0-0.55 Ug/ml) |
Median (IQR) | 5(5–6) | 2(1.65–3.5) | 0.000≠ |
| Range | 2.44–7 | 0.98–7 | ||
|
Plasma Fibrinogen*** (2–4 g/L) |
Median (IQR) | 1.4(0.8–2.9) | 4.6(2.95–5.8) | 0.000≠ |
| Range | 0.5–6.7 | 0.8–9 | ||
|
Procalcitonin (up to 0.05 ng/ml) |
Median (IQR) | 7.69(0.75–21.7) | 6.75(1.38–21.1) | 0.952≠ |
| Range | 0.44–51.8 | 0.05–120 | ||
|
CRP (< 5 mg/L) |
Median (IQR) | 101.5(45–110) | 112.5(45–224.5) | 0.490≠ |
| Range | 24–268 | 15–396 | ||
|
PAI (N = 5-20ng/ml) |
Mean ± SD | 53.81 ± 24.09 | 40.49 ± 18.47 | 0.024• |
| Range | 16.08–87.64 | 15.39–77.03 | ||
| SOFA score | Median (IQR) | 5(4–10) | 5(4–8) | 0.745≠ |
| Range | 3–11 | 3–17 | ||
| 7-day mortality | Alive (n = 114) | 14 (46.7%) | 100 (92.6%) | 0.000* |
| Died (n = 24) | 16 (53.3%) | 8 (7.4%) | ||
| MPO (ng/ml) | Median (IQR) | 92.5 (56.8–110.9) | 72.6 (62.1–80.4) | 0.030≠ |
| Range | 48.4–123.3 | 36.4–124.8 | ||
| CIT-HIST-H3 (ng/ml) | Median (IQR) | 257.8(141.4–306.3) | 85.4 (60.0–135.1) | 0.000≠ |
| Range | 53.1–326.0 | 18.2–376.9 | ||
P-value > 0.05: Non -significant; P-value < 0.05: Significant; P-value < 0.01: Highly significant.
*Chi-square test; •: Independent t-test; ≠: Mann-Whitney test.
*** Plasma fibrinogen levels increase during infection but can decrease due to degradation, as seen in severe coagulopathy, which is common in most of our patients. In some cases, levels are lowered because of degradation or impaired protein synthesis caused by liver disease, especially in the elderly, or in cases of severe sepsis-induced coagulopathy and DIC.