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. 2026 Jan 1;16(6):2780–2797. doi: 10.7150/thno.121905

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Dll4-Exo regulates osteogenic differentiation via Notch signaling pathway. ST2 cells were co-cultured with GFP-Exo or Dll4-Exo in the presence or absence of DAPT for 3 days, followed by qRT-PCR, ALP staining, and western blot. (A) qRT-PCR of Notch target genes (Hes1, Hey1, HeyL). (B) qRT-PCR of osteogenic marker genes (Alpl, Osx, Col1). (C) ALP staining. Scale bar = 100 μm. (D) Western blot of osteogenic proteins (Alp, Osx, Runx2). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. GFP-Exo group; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 vs. same groups without DAPT.