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. 2026 Jan 1;16(6):2780–2797. doi: 10.7150/thno.121905

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Mechanisms of Dll4-Exo-mediated osteogenesis via miRNAs. (A) Differential miRNA expression between GFP-Exo and Dll4-Exo groups, shown in a volcano plot (a ≥ 2-fold, p < 0.05). (B) A heatmap showing 5 up-regulated and 23 down-regulated miRNAs (a ≥ 3-fold, p < 0.05). (C) KEGG enrichment analysis of the up-regulated miRNAs. (D) GO enrichment analysis of miR-23a-5p target genes. (E-F) Expression levels of these 5 miRNAs in ST2 cells and HUVECs exposed to GFP-Exo or Dll4-Exo. ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001 vs. GFP-Exo group.