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. 2025 Dec 22;13:1090. Originally published 2024 Sep 24. [Version 3] doi: 10.12688/f1000research.153101.3

Table 4. Market and sales.

Market and sales
Percentage %
How flowers are sold To pre-harvest contractors 1.1
Direct to consumer 1.6
Direct to the retailer through a commission agent 61
Direct to wholesaler/commission agent 36.3
Commission charges Per kg 57.1
Per bud 42.9
Flower market ownership Private party 57.1
Municipality 41.2
Association 1.6
Market distance 1-20 km 3.3
20-40 km 1.6
40-60 km 7.1
60 and above 87.9

Source: Author’s analysis.