Table 2. Comparison of clinical and pathological characteristics between the ACT group and the no ACT group in the PSM cohort.
| Characteristics | No ACT group (n=64) | ACT group (n=116) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 61.31±8.22 | 60.43±9.46 | 0.53 |
| Sex | 0.73 | ||
| Male | 47 (73.4) | 81 (69.8) | |
| Female | 17 (26.6) | 35 (30.2) | |
| Tumor location | 0.37 | ||
| Upper | 27 (42.2) | 37 (31.9) | |
| Middle | 13 (20.3) | 30 (25.9) | |
| Lower | 24 (37.5) | 49 (42.2) | |
| NACT regimen | 0.26 | ||
| DOS/FLOT | 19 (29.7) | 39 (33.6) | |
| XELOX/SOX | 28 (43.8) | 58 (50.0) | |
| Others | 17 (26.6) | 19 (16.4) | |
| NACT cycle | 0.32 | ||
| <3 | 17 (26.6) | 22 (19.0) | |
| ≥3 | 47 (73.4) | 94 (81.0) | |
| Baseline tumor size, cm | 4.69±2.519 | 5.35±2.751 | 0.31 |
| Residual tumor size, cm | 4.29±2.75 | 4.37±2.31 | 0.84 |
| Tumor size change, cm | −0.2828±2.282 | −0.935±2.253 | 0.24 |
| Baseline BMI, kg/m2 | 23.12±3.454 | 23.31±3.482 | 0.81 |
| Post-NACT BMI, kg/m2 | 23.35±3.102 | 23±3.219 | 0.48 |
| Becker TRG | 0.96 | ||
| 1a | 9 (14.1) | 13 (11.2) | |
| 1b | 7 (10.9) | 13 (11.2) | |
| 2 | 19 (29.7) | 36 (31.0) | |
| 3 | 29 (45.3) | 54 (46.6) | |
| ypT | 0.97 | ||
| 0–2 | 28 (43.8) | 49 (42.2) | |
| 3–4 | 36 (56.2) | 67 (57.8) | |
| ypN | >0.99 | ||
| 0 | 30 (46.9) | 55 (47.4) | |
| 1+ | 34 (53.1) | 61 (52.6) | |
| Lauren type | 0.14 | ||
| Intestinal | 34 (53.1) | 41 (35.3) | |
| Diffuse | 10 (15.6) | 25 (21.6) | |
| Mixed | 11 (17.2) | 26 (22.4) | |
| UTA | 9 (14.1) | 24 (20.7) | |
| Signet ring cell | 0.15 | ||
| Negative | 57 (89.1) | 92 (79.3) | |
| Positive | 7 (10.9) | 24 (20.7) | |
| LVI | >0.99 | ||
| Negative | 44 (68.8) | 80 (69.0) | |
| Positive | 20 (31.2) | 36 (31.0) | |
| PNI | 0.99 | ||
| Negative | 35 (54.7) | 65 (56.0) | |
| Positive | 29 (45.3) | 51 (44.0) | |
| Differentiation grade | 0.40 | ||
| Moderate | 20 (31.3) | 29 (25.0) | |
| Poor | 33 (51.6) | 72 (62.1) | |
| UTA | 11 (17.2) | 15 (12.9) | |
| SII | 374.2±361.6 | 387.4±209.0 | 0.24 |
| Prognostic Nutritional Index | 51.02±5.996 | 53.01±4.196 | 0.18 |
| CEA, ng/mL | 4.650±8.778 | 7.374±22.54 | 0.49 |
| CA199, U/mL | 17.74±26.12 | 25.47±72.55 | 0.70 |
| CA125, U/mL | 25.66±26.72 | 29.66±34.07 | 0.59 |
| CA724, U/mL | 9.868±24.99 | 11.33±35.17 | 0.75 |
Data are presented as number (percentage) or mean ± standard deviation. Becker-TRG 1a = no residual tumor cells; Becker-TRG 1b = residual viable tumor less than 10%; Becker-TRG 2 = residual viable tumor 10–50%; Becker-TRG 3 = residual viable tumor more than 50%. ACT, adjuvant chemotherapy; BMI, body mass index; CA125, carbohydrate antigen125; CA199, carbohydrate antigen199; CA724, carbohydrate antigen724; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; DOS, docetaxel; FLOT, 5-fluorouracil; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; NACT, neoadjuvant chemotherapy; PNI, peripheral nervous invasion; PSM, propensity score matching; SII, systemic immune-inflammation index; SOX, S-1 and oxaliplatin; TRG, tumor regression grade; UTA, unable to access; XELOX, capecitabine and oxaliplatin; ypN, post-neoadjuvant therapy pathological node; ypT, post-neoadjuvant therapy pathological tumor.