Effect of vaccination (preinfection, top) and immunotherapy (postinfection, bottom) with cytokine-secreting BCG on number of CFU in lung at 12 and 20 weeks post-initial infection (left panels) and on granuloma size at 12 weeks (right panels). Results are from four animals per group per time point, expressed as means ± standard deviation. a, P < 0.05 compared to unvaccinated controls; b, P < 0.05, higher than for BCG vector-vaccinated mice; c, P < 0.05, lower than for BCG vector-vaccinated mice.