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. 2026 Jan 3;15(1):165. doi: 10.3390/foods15010165
Food Type Hedonic Food Stimuli Packaging TYPE
Eco-Friendly Packaging Non-Eco-Friendly
Packaging
“VERSUES” is a chocolate brand. Its products feature rich aroma and smooth flavor, delivering sweet enjoyment and emotional satisfaction for a pleasurable, indulgent experience. Inline graphic Inline graphic
Utilitarian Food “VERSUES” is a dried okra brand. Its products feature nutritional value and health benefits, delivering satiety and energy support for sustained physical well-being. Inline graphic Inline graphic
Note: We manipulated packaging eco-friendliness by varying the packaging materials of the foods. The eco-friendly packaging is made from more sustainable, biodegradable paper materials that have a lower environmental impact. In contrast, the non–eco-friendly packaging is made from low-sustainability PET plastic materials and is therefore less environmentally friendly.