From chaos to tranquillity: a modern approach to the identification, nomenclature and phylogeny of Aspergillus, Penicillium and other Eurotiales, including an updated accepted species list

CM Visagie; J Houbraken; DP Overy; F Sklenář; K Bensch; JC Frisvad; J Mack; G Perrone; RA Samson; NI van Vuuren; N Yilmaz; V Hubka

doi:10.3114/sim.2025.112.04

. 2025 Sep 30;112:117–260. doi: 10.3114/sim.2025.112.04

From chaos to tranquillity: a modern approach to the identification, nomenclature and phylogeny of Aspergillus, Penicillium and other Eurotiales, including an updated accepted species list

CM Visagie ^1,^*, J Houbraken ², DP Overy ^3,⁴, F Sklenář ^5,⁶, K Bensch ², JC Frisvad ⁷, J Mack ³, G Perrone ⁸, RA Samson ², NI van Vuuren ¹, N Yilmaz ¹, V Hubka ^5,⁶

PMCID: PMC12786731 PMID: 41522877

Abstract

Eurotiales is a diverse and speciose order and includes economically important genera like Aspergillus, Penicillium, Paecilomyces and Talaromyces. Historically, species identifications based on morphology are challenging. The publication of accepted species lists and the availability of representative DNA sequences for type strains have contributed greatly towards accurate species identification and facilitated the description of many new species. However, despite current advancements, a proportion of newly described species within these taxonomically challenging genera represent, in fact, existing species, which raises obvious concerns. This study thus aimed to further modernise the taxonomy of Eurotiales by addressing key challenges in species identification and classification. Our study objectives were threefold: 1) to review species described after 2023, 2) update the accepted species list, and 3) release a curated DNA sequence dataset to facilitate future species identifications. We conclude that a move to a phylogenetic species concept is necessary but continue to support the inclusion of morphological descriptions and, where possible, associated secondary metabolite, exoenzyme, physiology and ecological data when introducing new species. Based on our phylogenetic analyses, we accept 130 of 171 species described since 2023 but reduce 41 to synonyms. Furthermore, we also reduced 17 species described pre-2023 to synonyms. Our list now contains 1393 species classified into four families and 26 genera, with Aspergillus (n = 465), Penicillium (n = 598) and Talaromyces (n = 236) containing the most species. To aid sequence-based identifications and species descriptions under a phylogenetic species concept, we release a curated DNA reference sequence database containing 18837 DNA sequences (3867 ITS, 5277 BenA, 5110 CaM and 4583 RPB2) generated from 5325 strains. Sequences were selected to best cover the infraspecies variation under our current understanding of each species. The species list and sequence database will be kept up to date as new information becomes available and will remain available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16605949. This manuscript presents a major leap towards our goal to facilitate work with Eurotiales, while providing the taxonomic framework to support research excellence related to this important fungal group.

Taxonomic novelties: New sections: Talaromyces section Brunneospori Visagie, Houbraken & Hubka. New series: Aspergillus series Cibarii Visagie, Houbraken & Hubka; Penicillium series Veneta Visagie, Houbraken & Hubka. New species: Penicillium linzhiense H-K. Wang & R. Jeewon; Penicillium simile Davolos, Pietr., Persiani & Maggi.; Penicillium ulleungdoense D.H. Choi & J.G. Kim

Citation: Visagie CM, Houbraken J, Overy DP, Sklenář F, Bensch K, Frisvad JC, Mack J, Perrone G, Samson RA, van Vuuren NI, Yilmaz N, Hubka V (2025). From chaos to tranquillity: a modern approach to the identification, nomenclature and phylogeny of Aspergillus, Penicillium and other Eurotiales, including an updated accepted species list. Studies in Mycology 112: 117–260. doi: 10.3114/sim.2025.112.04

Keywords: Classification, extrolites, fungi, GCPSR, Multi Species Coalescence, names in common use, species concepts, STACEY, systematics

INTRODUCTION

Eurotiales represent one of the most diverse, speciose and important fungal orders. Aspergillus and Penicillium are arguably the most renowned and among the top five most cited fungal genera (Bhunjun et al. 2024). Without them, our world would not be the same. Many species function as saprophytes, decomposing dead organic material, but many evolved to fulfil specific functions in nature (Peterson et al. 2003, Li et al. 2012), and include effective pre- and post-harvest pathogens (Samson et al. 2019, Pitt & Hocking 2022). Their presence in food and crops is of particular concern since some species produce mycotoxins like aflatoxins, ochratoxins, patulin and others (Frisvad et al. 2004, Visconti et al. 2008, Visagie et al. 2014b, Frisvad 2015, Battilani et al. 2016, McMillan et al. 2018). Several species are also well adapted to grow in indoor environments where they cause allergies in some individuals (Flannigan & Miller 2011, Samson et al. 2019, Pitt & Hocking 2022). Not many are human pathogens, but Aspergillus fumigatus and Talaromyces marneffei were included on the World Health Organisation’s priority list of opportunistic fungal pathogens, showing their importance for human health (WHO 2022). Eurotiales also have positive effects on humans, with several that are important for biotechnology (Houbraken et al. 2014a, Cairns et al. 2018), the pharmaceutical industry (Campbell & Vederas 2010, Houbraken et al. 2011a, Samson et al. 2011a), biocontrol agents (Marois et al. 1984, Naraghi et al. 2012), biofertilisers (Wakelin et al. 2004) and food production (Nelson 1970, Perrone et al. 2015, Frisvad et al. 2019, Gong et al. 2023).

Rapid, accurate and repeatable species identifications are extremely important. However, historically, species identifications have been challenging for this diverse group of fungi, predominantly due to the reliance upon a morphological species concept, where species were identified by comparing a set of predefined morphological features with previous descriptions typically compiled and summarised in monographs and identification keys (Raper & Thom 1949, Raper & Fennell 1965, Samson 1974, Pitt 1980, Ramírez 1982, Klich & Pitt 1985). The complexities of using this system and interpreting nuanced phenotypic variations observed between strains led to many misidentifications in the historical literature (Schutte 1992, Visagie et al. 2024b). The International Commission on Penicillium and Aspergillus (ICPA) held several workshops where great efforts were made to create standardised working methods to allow for more consistent characterisation, species descriptions and future identifications. Despite this, working with Eurotiales remained a challenge. A movement towards the phylogenetic species concept for Eurotiales began with Frisvad & Samson (2004), who first proposed a polyphasic species concept (or consilient concept of species) that included using morphological, physiological (secondary metabolites or extrolites) and DNA sequence data. Subsequently, several taxonomic revisions were published that adopted this approach (Hong et al. 2005, Houbraken et al. 2007, Varga et al. 2007, Samson et al. 2009, Varga et al. 2010). Initially, phylogenetics was based on single-loci. However, the necessity of using multiple loci was soon realised. A strong bias towards a phylogenetic species concept developed over the past decade, even though a consilient approach was still recommended (Yilmaz et al. 2014, Houbraken et al. 2020, Visagie et al. 2024d).

Multilocus phylogenies are an essential tool in modern taxonomy. Houbraken & Samson (2011) conducted a comprehensive revision of the genera previously classified in Trichocomaceae through a multilocus phylogenetic analysis. Their study led to several major taxonomic changes. First, they divided Trichocomacae into three distinct families: Aspergillaceae, Thermoascaceae and Trichocomaceae. Second, they reduced several genera to synonyms (e.g. Thysanophora and Torulomyces becoming sections within Penicillium). Third, they implemented the one fungus = one name concept (Hawksworth et al. 2011), which led to the synonymisation of, for example, the teleomorphic or sexual genus Eupenicillium with the anamorphic or asexual genus Penicillium. Finally, they proposed a new subgeneric classification system for Penicillium. Other changes that followed were the adoption of the name Aspergillus to represent its associated teleomorphs (Samson et al. 2014, Kocsube et al. 2016) and use of Talaromyces to represent much of Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium (Samson et al. 2011b), while Paecilomyces was preferred over Byssochlamys (Reblova et al. 2016, Houbraken et al. 2020). More recently, Houbraken et al. (2020) re-introduced a series-level classification in Aspergillus and Penicillium. The availability of more genomes each year also means that some studies have adopted phylogenomics to review taxonomic relationships (Urquhart & Idnurm 2023, Steenwyk et al. 2024, Visagie et al. 2024a), even though many species, to date, remain unsequenced. At the species level, phylogenetics is the most commonly used approach to compare and introduce new species, typically through the construction of a multilocus phylogenetic tree, single-locus trees and applying Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (Taylor et al. 2000), or a combination of both. Multispecies coalescent approaches were more recently used to revise the taxonomy of several Aspergillus sections (Hubka et al. 2018a, Sklenar et al. 2020, Sklenář et al. 2021, Bian et al. 2022, Glässnerová et al. 2022, Sklenář et al. 2022), often resulting in a reduction in the number of accepted species. These methods have, however, not been widely applied for fungi.

Quality DNA reference sequences are essential for any phylogenetic approach. A major sequencing effort was inspired by the accepted species lists published for Aspergillus (Samson et al. 2014), Penicillium (Visagie et al. 2014a) and Talaromyces (Yilmaz et al. 2014), which eventually expanded to Eurotiales (Houbraken et al. 2020). These lists were built on the foundations of previous works published under the “Names in Common Use” (Pitt & Samson 1993, 2000, Pitt et al. 2000) and include representative DNA sequences for ex-type strains. These ex-type sequences provide anchors for species names and form the backbone of Eurotiales, with the ITS sequences also incorporated into the NCBI-RefSeq initiative (Schoch et al. 2014). Additional sequences that capture infraspecies variation provide the much-needed “nuanced resolution”, which is vital for delimiting species and making accurate identifications possible. Many thousands of sequences are available on public repositories like NCBI-GenBank, but a significant proportion of these sequences are mislabelled and do not reflect name changes over the years. Curated reference databases, where sequences were carefully selected and organised with attention to quality and relevance, are available for Fusarium (https://www.fusarium.org/), Trichoderma (https://trichoderma.info/identification/) and most yeasts (https://theyeasts.org/), but no such database currently exists for Eurotiales.

Publishing accepted species lists and associated sequence data resulted in many new species described in the past decade. Houbraken et al. (2020) highlighted this, with Aspergillus increasing from 339 accepted species in 2014 to 446 by 2020, Penicillium from 354 to 483 species and Talaromyces from 88 to 171 species. Since then, between 2020 and 2022, 160 new species were described. Visagie et al. (2024d) reviewed these, accepting 133 of the species, and discussed several trends observed in the way in which new species were being described and where they went wrong. One of the biggest concerns highlighted was the comparison of supposed new species with only ex-type sequences, effectively ignoring all other available data. This trend has continued in many of the 171 species described since..

In this study, we aim to further modernise the taxonomy of Eurotiales and make species identifications and descriptions as easy as possible. To achieve this, our goals were to 1) review all of the species described until 28 March 2025 using a phylogenetic approach, 2) provide an update on the accepted species list for Eurotiales; 3) release a comprehensive curated DNA sequence dataset including ex-type and reference strains that capture the infraspecies diversity of all accepted species as currently delimited; and 4) motivate for the adoption of a phylogenetic species concept for Eurotiales.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Curated DNA reference sequence database

The DNA sequences of accepted Eurotiales species generated from ex-type strains previously published (Houbraken & Samson 2011, Samson et al. 2014, Visagie et al. 2014a, 2024d, Yilmaz et al. 2014, Houbraken et al. 2020) form the backbone of the curated DNA sequence reference dataset published here. We include additional reference sequences, selected to capture infraspecies variation within species as currently accepted. This reference database can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16605949 and represents v. 1.0. We will update it systematically in future, hosted at the same web address.

Phylogenetic analysis

Several phylogenetic analyses were conducted to assess the taxonomy of Eurotiales. Firstly, a tree was constructed for Eurotiales to show the phylogenetic relatedness of genera across the four families. We included type strains for all accepted species, except in Aspergillus, Penicillium and Talaromyces for which only the section or series types were included. This analysis was based on a concatenated dataset of the internal transcribed spacer rDNA region (ITS), 28S large subunit (LSU), beta-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), RNA polymerase II largest subunit (RPB1), putative chaperonin complex component TCP-1 (Cct8), minichromosome maintenance factor 7 (MCM7), and the putative ribosome biogenesis protein (Tsr1). Secondly, multilocus phylogenies were calculated to show the subgeneric structure in Aspergillus (based on ITS, BenA, CaM, RPB2, Cct8, MCM7, RPB1 and Tsr1), Penicillium (based on ITS, LSU, BenA, CaM, RPB2, Cct8, MCM7, RPB1 and Tsr1) and Talaromyces (based on ITS, BenA, CaM, RPB2, Cct8, MCM7, RPB1 and Tsr1).

Multilocus phylogenetic trees based on ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 were then calculated to show the relationships between and infraspecies variation within species. For this, smaller datasets were prepared based on their phylogenetic relatedness as determined from the general trees calculated earlier. Finally, to help review the status of recently described species, we calculated single-locus trees based on ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 and apply Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) as described in Taylor et al. (2000).

Phylogenetic trees were calculated using the same methodology. Alignments were done in MAFFT v. 7.526 (Katoh & Standley 2013) with the G-INS-i algorithm selected, then trimmed and concatenated in Genious Prime v. 2025.0.3 (https://www.geneious.com). Maximum Likelihood trees were calculated in IQ-TREE v. 2.3.4 (Minh et al. 2020), with each locus treated as separate partitions. The most appropriate nucleotide substitution model for each partition was selected and then applied based on the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) using ModelFinder (Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017) incorporated into IQ-TREE. Support in nodes was tested with a standard nonparametric bootstrap analysis with 1000 replicates, except for the larger general trees where ultrafast bootstrapping was used with 10000 replicates (indicated in figure legends). For all trees, the bootstrap support values in nodes higher than 80 % are indicated by circles (light grey = 80–89 %; grey = 90–99 %; dark grey = 100 %). Trees were visualised in TreeViewer v. 2.2.0 (Bianchini & Sanchez-Baracaldo 2024) and further edited for publication in Affinity Publisher v. 2.5.7 [Serif (Europe) Ltd, Nottingham, UK].

Species delimitation (STACEY)

For several groups, the multilocus tree and GCPSR results were inconclusive. Where enough reference data were available, we used the multilocus method STACEY to help delineate these species complexes. Loci were aligned and concatenated as described above. In R v. 4.4.1 (R_Core_Team 2024), we kept unique sequences in the aligned concatenated dataset with the haplotype function in the package pegas (Paradis 2010). The reduced dataset was then again split into different loci. The most appropriate nucleotide substitution model for each of the single-locus datasets was determined based on BIC using ModelFinder incorporated into IQ-TREE. Analyses were performed in BEAST v. 2.7.5 (Bouckaert et al. 2019) with the STACEY v. 1.3.1 add-on (Jones 2017). XML input files for runs were set up in Beauti (Bouckaert et al. 2019) as follows: single-locus alignments were imported and substitution models applied as tested in ModelFinder; the clock model was set to strict; for all loci, the species tree prior was set to the Yule model, the growth rates to lognormal distribution (M = 5, S = 2), the popPriorScale to lognormal distribution (M = −7, S = 2) and the relative DeathRate to beta distribution (α = 1, β = 1 000); the mcmc chain length was 1×10⁹. STACEY outputs were assessed in Tracer v. 1.7.2 (Rambaut et al. 2018) to confirm that analyses converged and that Effective Sample Size (ESS) values were higher than the recommended 200. Outputs were then processed using SpeciesDelimitationAnalyzer (Jones 2017). These results were firstly visualised as a plot to summarise how the number of delimited species and the probability of the most likely and second most likely scenarios change along a range of collapseheight parameter values (Sklenář et al. 2022). Based on this plot, we selected several collapseheight values, which yielded supported scenarios and then we calculated similarity matrices and displayed them as heatmaps using code from Jones et al. (2015). Results are summarised on phylogenetic trees based on the concatenated dataset. These were calculated using the same methods described earlier. Our aim was to review newly described species and accept as many species as possible, giving the benefit of the doubt where possible.

RESULTS

Curated DNA reference sequence database

The curated DNA reference sequence database covers all 1393 accepted species and includes 5325 strains and 18837 DNA sequences (3867 ITS, 5277 BenA, 5110 CaM and 4583 RPB2), of which 3620 are newly released on GenBank as part of this study (359 ITS, 1088 BenA, 1093 CaM and 1080 RPB2). Of the accepted species, 411 are represented by a single strain, 253 by two strains and 162 by three strains. On the contrary, 83 species are represented by 10 or more strains, with Aspergillus alabamensis, A. flavus, A. niger, A. tubingensis, Penicillium glabrum, P. sumatraense and P. vaccaeorum having more than 20 strains. Six species (Aspergillus assiutensis, Penicillium dravuni, Talaromyces hachijoensis, T. paucisporus, Xeromyces bohemicum and X. xerophilum) are represented by an ITS sequence only, while ITS are not available for nine species (Aspergillus acrensis, A. omanensis, A. similanensis, A. takadae, P. geumsanense, P. joangloverae, P. punicae, P. reconvexovelosoi and Talaromyces chlamydosporus). Other gaps include 10, 25 and 36 species that do not have a representative BenA, CaM, and/or RPB2 sequence, respectively. At present, 128 whole genome sequences are available for types, including Aspergillus (n = 86), Evansstolkia (n = 1), Hamigera (n = 1), Paecilomyces (n = 1), Penicilliopsis (n = 1), Penicillium (n = 31), Rasamsonia (n = 2), Talaromyces (n = 2), Thermoascus (n = 1), Thermomyces (n = 1) and Xeromyces (n = 1). Accessions to these are included in the accepted species list below. Furthermore, the Joint Genome Institute (JGI) currently hosts 295 Aspergillus (https://mycocosm.jgi.doe.gov/Aspergillus/Aspergillus.info.html) and 91 Penicillium (https://mycocosm.jgi.doe.gov/Penicillium/Penicillium.info.html) genomes.

Phylogenetic analyses

All datasets, log files (including the modeltest results) and raw output trees can be accessed from the University of Pretoria research repository hosted on FigShare (doi: 10.25403/UPresearchdata.28253006). Below we discuss phylogenies in more detail (Figs 1-44, Suppl. Figs S1-S40).

Fig. 1 — Phylogenetic tree of *Eurotiales* showing the relationship between its four families and 25 genera. The tree is based on a concatenated dataset of nine loci: *BenA*, *CaM*, *Cct8*, ITS, LSU, *MCM7*, *RPB1*, *RPB2* and *Tsr1*. Superscript numbers after genus names represent the number of accepted species in that genus. The tree was midpoint rooted. UFboot was used to calculate support in nodes.

Fig. 44 — Phylogenetic tree of *Talaromyces* sect. *Trachyspermi* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Phylogenies summarising the families and genera in Eurotiales (Fig. 1): The topology of the phylogenetic tree is similar to the one obtained by Houbraken et al. (2020). We recognise five families, including Aspergillaceae, Penicillaginaceae, Thermoascaceae and Trichocomaceae (note that we omitted Elaphomycetaceae in our analysis). Aspergillaceae contains 15 genera (Aspergillago, Aspergillus, Evansstolkia, Hamigera, Leiothecium, Monascus, Penicilliopsis, Penicillium, Phialomyces, Pseudohamigera, Pseudopenicillium, Sclerocleista, Warcupiella, Xerochrysium and Xeromyces), Penicillaginaceae one (Penicillago), Thermoascaceae two (Paecilomyces, Thermoascus), and Trichocomaceae seven (Acidotalaromyces, Ascospirella, Rasamsonia, Sagenomella, Talaromyces, Thermomyces and Trichocoma). Dendrosphaera remains unsequenced, but probably belongs in Trichocomaceae.

Phylogenies summarising the species accepted in Aspergillaceae, Penicillaginaceae, Thermoascaceae and Trichocomaceae: The phylogenetic trees presented in Figs 2-4 show the phylogenetic relationships of species accepted in Aspergillaceae (Fig. 2; excludes Aspergillus and Penicillium), Thermoascaceae (Fig. 3) and Penicillaginaceae and Trichocomaceae (Fig. 4; excludes Talaromyces). Species were generally well resolved and those accepted by Houbraken et al. (2020) are accepted here. Since Visagie et al. (2024d), two species in Paecilomyces (P. paravariotii and P. lignorum) and Rasamsonia chlamydospora were newly described (Spetik et al. 2023, Urquhart & Idnurm 2023, Visagie et al. 2024a). Furthermore, Urquhart & Idnurm (2023) re-introduced the old names Paecilomyces lecythidis and Paec. maximus.

Fig. 2 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillaceae*, excluding *Aspergillus* and *Penicillium*, based on *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 4 — Phylogenetic tree of *Trichocomaceae* (excluding *Talaromyces*) and *Penicillaginaceae* based on *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was rooted to *Penicillago*. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 3 — Phylogenetic tree of *Thermoascaceae* based on *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was rooted to *Thermoascus*. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Subgeneric classification of Aspergillus: We reviewed the subgeneric classification of Aspergillus using an 8-locus phylogeny based on ITS, BenA, CaM, RPB2, Cct8, MCM7, RPB1 and Tsr1. Our tree (Fig. 5) conforms to the subgenera, sections and series as accepted by Houbraken et al. (2020), but some discrepancies were noted. The classification of A. cibarius and A. endophyticus in ser. Aspergillus, A. labruscus and A. saccharolyticus in ser. Japonici, and A. delicatus and A. tatenoi in ser. Thermomutati are questionable based on phylogenetic evidence. Below we discuss these in greater detail.

Houbraken et al. (2020) tentatively classified A. cibarius and A. endophyticus in ser. Aspergillus. In our general Aspergillus tree (Fig. 5), both species are nested between ser. Aspergillus and Rubri. In the tree calculated for sect. Aspergillus (Fig. 8), however, support for ser. Aspergillus is weak if A. endophyticus is included. Aspergillus cibarius is sister to both ser. Aspergillus and Rubri with the clade having good bootstrap support. This result is similar to that of Chen et al. (2017) whose phylogenies also placed A. cibarius sister to ser. Aspergillus and Rubri with high support. Considering this, we propose a new series for A. cibarius below but tentatively classify A. endophyticus in ser. Aspergillus until more data is available.

Fig. 8 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Aspergillus* sect. *Aspergillus* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

The unresolved phylogenetic positions of A. labruscus and A. saccharolyticus were discussed in Houbraken et al. (2020), who tentatively placed both species in ser. Japonici. In our general Aspergillus tree (Fig. 5), A. saccharolyticus belongs to ser. Japonici, but A. labruscus is sister to the clade that supports ser. Japonici and Homomorphi. In the tree calculated for sect. Nigri (Fig. 14), A. labruscus is resolved in the same position as in the general Aspergillus tree, but A. saccharolyticus appears closest to A. homomorphus (ser. Homomorphi); however, this clade lacks statistical support. Considering this, we synonymise ser. Homomorphi with ser. Japonici. Note that both were published in Houbraken et al. (2020) and thus have equal standing under ICNafp (Turland et al. 2018).

Fig. 14 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Circumdati* sect. *Nigri* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Aspergillus series Thermomutati was introduced for A. thermomutatus (series type), A. delicatus and A. tatenoi (Houbraken et al. 2020). The general and sect. Fumigati tree resolves A. thermomutatus distinct from the other two (Figs. 5, 17). However, we consider the classification of some series of sect. Fumigati problematic appearing to be unstable in phylogenetic analyses. Further research is needed to determine the relationships within the section.

Fig. 17 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Fumigati* sect. *Cervini*, *Clavati*, *Fumigati* (excluded ser. *Fumigati* and *Viridinutantes*) and *Vargarum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Subgeneric classification of Penicillium: We reviewed the subgeneric classification of Penicillium using a 9-locus phylogeny based on ITS, LSU, BenA, CaM, RPB2, Cct8, MCM7, RPB1 and Tsr1. The tree topology (Fig. 6) largely agreed with that observed in (Houbraken et al. 2020). The subgeneric classification of P. dravuni (ser. Erubescentia) and P. venetum (ser. Corymbifera) is discussed in more detail below.

Fig. 6 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* showing its subgeneric classification. The tree is based on a concatenated dataset of nine loci: *BenA*, *CaM*, *Cct8*, ITS, *LSU*, *MCM7*, *RPB1*, *RPB2* and *Tsr1*. The tree was midpoint rooted.

Penicillium dravuni is currently classified in sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia, but the species was not included in the phylogenetic analysis of Houbraken et al. (2020). Our general Penicillium tree (Fig. 6) resolves it on a unique branch at the base of section Citrina, but this clade is not well supported. Currently, P. dravuni is represented by an ex-type strain for which only an ITS sequence is available. In the tree calculated for sect. Exilicaulis (Fig. 27), P. dravuni is resolved inside ser. Erubescentia. Additional sequence data is needed to determine the phylogenetic position of the species. We follow Houbraken et al. (2020) and classify it in sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia.

Fig. 27 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Exilicaulis* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Penicillium venetum was tentatively classified in sect. Fasciculata ser. Corymbifera by Houbraken et al. (2020), who noted its unresolved nature. In our phylogenies, it forms a distinct taxon inside the broader well-supported clade that also contains ser. Verrucosa and Viridicata (Figs 6, 36). This resembles the topology of Houbraken et al. (2020). The sect. Fasciculata phylogeny (Fig. 36) resolves the species on a well-supported branch distinct from all other series. We therefore introduce a new series below.

Fig. 36 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Penicillium* sect. *Fasciculata* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Subgeneric classification of Talaromyces: Talaromyces is currently divided into eight sections (Fig. 7). Talaromyces brunneosporus was tentatively placed in sect. Purpurei by Houbraken et al. (2020) and Rodríguez-Andrade et al. (2019). In their phylogenies, the species resolved sister to sect. Purpurei. Our general phylogeny of Talaromyces resolved T. brunneosporus sister to sect. Talaromyces and Helici (Fig. 7). Furthermore, T. tenuis (sect. Tenues) is a closer relative of T. brunneosporus than species from sect. Purpurei. Based on this, we introduce a new series for T. brunneosporus in the Taxonomy section below.

Accepted Aspergillus species: Phylogenies were calculated for smaller datasets of all accepted Aspergillus species, representing subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus (Fig. 8) and sect. Restricti (Fig. 9), subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi and Petersoniorum (Fig. 10), sect. Circumdati and Dichlaena (Fig. 11), sect. Flavipedes and Janorum (Fig. 12), sect. Flavi, Robusti and Tannerorum (Fig. 13), sect. Nigri (Fig. 14), sect. Terrei (Fig. 15), subgen. Cremei and Polypaecilum (Fig. 16), subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini, Clavati, Vargarum and Fumigati (Figs 17, 18), subgen. Nidulantes sect. Bispori, Cavernicolarum, Ochraceorosei, Raperorum, Silvatici, Sparsi & Usti (Fig. 19) and subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes (Fig. 20).

Fig. 9 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Aspergillus* sect. *Restricti* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 10 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Circumdati* sect. *Candidi* and *Petersoniorum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 11 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Circumdati* sect. *Circumdati* and *Dichlaena* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 12 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Circumdati* sect. *Flavipedes* and *Janorum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 13 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Circumdati* sect. *Flavi*, *Robusti* and *Tannerorum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 15 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Circumdati* sect. *Terrei* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 16 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Cremei* and *Polypaecilum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 18 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Fumigati* sect. *Fumigati* and *Viridinutantes* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 19 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Nidulantes* ser. *Bispori*, *Cavernicolarum*, *Ochraceorosei*, *Raperorum*, *Silvatici*, *Sparsi* and Usti based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 20 — Phylogenetic tree of *Aspergillus* subg. *Nidulantes* ser. *Nidulantes* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Accepted Penicillium species: Phylogenies were calculated for smaller datasets of all accepted Penicillium species, representing subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides (Figs 21, 22), sect. Charlesia, Eremophila, Griseola, Guizhouorum and Thysanophora (Fig. 23), sect. Cinnamopurpurea (Fig. 24), sect. Citrina (Figs 25, 26), sect. Exilicaulis (Fig. 27), sect. Lanata-Divaricata (Figs 28, 29), sect. Ramigena, Ochrosalmonea, Inusitata, Gracilenta and Stolkiae (Fig. 30), sect. Sclerotiorum (Fig. 31), sect. Torulomyces, Alfrediorum, Crypta and Lasseniorum (Fig. 32), subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompactum (Fig. 33), sect. Canescentia and Eladia (Fig. 34), sect. Chrysogena (Fig. 35), sect. Fasciculata (Fig. 36), sect. Penicillium, Paradoxa, Turbata, Formosana, Osmophila and Roquefortorum (Fig. 37), sect. Ramosum (Fig. 38), and sect. Robsamsonia (Fig. 39).

Fig. 21 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Aspergilloides* ser. *Glabra*, *Kiamaense*, *Spinulosa* and *Thomiorum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 22 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Aspergilloides* ser. *Fortuita*, *Hoeksiorum*, *Improvisa*, *Livida*, *Pinetorum*, *Longicatenata*, *Quercetorum*, *Saturniformia*, *Simianshanica*, *Sublectatica*, *Thiersiorum* and *Verhageniorum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 23 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Charlesia*, *Eremophila*, *Griseola*, *Guizhouorum* and *Thysanophora* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 24 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Cinnamopurpurea* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 25 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Citrina* ser. *Citrina*, *Euglauca*, *Gallaica*, *Paxillorum*, *Roseopurpurea*, *Sheariorum*, *Sumatraensia* and *Vascosobrinhoana* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 26 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Citrina* ser. *Copticolarum* and *Westlingiorum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 28 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Lanata-Divaricata* ser. *Dalearum* and *Simplicissimum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 29 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Lanata-Divaricata* ser. *Janthinella*, *Oxalica* and *Rolfsiorum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 30 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Gracilenta*, *Inusitata*, *Ochrosalmonea*, *Ramigena* and *Stolkiae* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 31 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Sclerotiorum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 32 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Aspergilloides* sect. *Torulomyces*, *Alfrediorum*, *Crypta* and *Lasseniorum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 33 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Penicillium* sect. *Brevicompacta* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 34 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Penicillium* sect. *Canescentia* and *Eladia* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was rooted to sect. *Eladia*. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 35 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Penicillium* sect. *Chrysogena* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 37 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Penicillium* sect. *Penicillium*, *Formosana*, *Osmophila*, *Paradoxa*, *Roquefortorum* and *Turbata* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 38 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Penicillium* sect. *Ramosum* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 39 — Phylogenetic tree of *Penicillium* subg. *Penicillium* sect. *Robsamsonia* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Accepted Talaromyces species: Phylogenies were calculated for smaller datasets of all accepted Talaromyces species, representing sect. Bacillispori, Helici and Subinflati (Fig. 40), sect. Islandici (Fig. 41), sect. Purpurei and Brunneospori (Fig. 42), sect. Talaromyces (Fig. 43), and sect. Trachyspermi (Fig. 44).

Fig. 40 — Phylogenetic tree of *Talaromyces* sect. *Bacillispori*, *Helici* and *Subinflati* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 41 — Phylogenetic tree of *Talaromyces* sect. *Islandici* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 42 — Phylogenetic tree of *Talaromyces* sect. *Purpurei* and *Brunneospori* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Fig. 43 — Phylogenetic tree of *Talaromyces* sect. *Talaromyces* based on a concatenated dataset of *BenA*, *CaM*, ITS and *RPB2*. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in **bold** and are indicated by a superscript T.

Species delimitation (STACEY)

Aspergillus sect. Fumigati (Fig. 45): STACEY was run to assess the relationships of the recently described species Aspergillus albomontensis, A. dunkleyae and A. luteorubrus with their close relatives. The graph summarises the effect of the collapseheight values on the number of species delimited and the support for the 1^st and 2^nd most probable delimitations. The most likely scenarios were found at collapseheight values 0.0067, 0.0106, 0.0146 and 0.0218 that delimited 11, 8, 7 and 6 species, respectively. Support at collapseheight 0.0067 predicted species boundaries consistent with those previously accepted. In all the tested scenarios, STACEY delimits A. albomontensis and A. luteorubrus inside A. fennelliae, and A. dunkleyae inside A. pseudoviridinutans. They are thus considered synonyms. We also note that A. similanensis is delimited as a synonym of A. huiyaniae, which differs by only 3 bp in BenA and 4 bp in CaM. However, we tentatively accept both names due to the numerous differences noted in their protologues, until more data is available for a future revision.

Penicillium sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum (Fig. 46): STACEY was run to assess the relationship of the recently described species Penicillium cannoniae and P. williaminae with their close relatives in ser. Pinetorum. The graph summarises the effect of the collapseheight values on the number of species delimited and the support for the 1^st and 2^nd most probable delimitations. Based on this, heatmaps were generated for collapseheight values 0.0022 (15 species), 0.0035 (12 species), 0.0058 (7 species), 0.0066 (6 species) and 0.0097 (2 species). At 0.0022, species in our opinion are being split too finely, but 0.0058 start to lump currently accepted species (e.g. P. brunneoconidiatum, P. cannoniae, P. flavisclerotiatum and P. fuscum are delimited as one species). A future revision is needed to resolve species of this group, with P. montanense, for example, that may warrant splitting. As for the recently described species, P. cannoniae can be tentatively accepted and P. williaminae considered its synonym.

Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta (Fig. 47): STACEY was run to assess the relationship of Penicillium anthracinoglaciei with its close relatives in ser. Brevicompacta. Visagie et al. (2024d) tentatively accepted the species but noted that it could be a synonym of P. bialowiezense. The graph summarises the effect of the collapseheight values on the number of species delimited and the support for the 1^st and 2^nd most probable delimitations. The most likely scenarios were found at collapseheight values 0.0060 (10 species), 0.0078 (9 species) and 0.0130 (8 species). All scenarios delimit P. anthracinoglaciei inside P. bialowiezense, and we thus propose the former as a synonym.

Penicillium sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum and Simplicissima (Fig. 48): STACEY was run to assess the relationship of the recently described species in ser. Dalearum (Penicillium P. austrosinense, P. marykayhuntiae, and P. pauciramulum) and Simplicissima (Penicillium heveae, P. jinyunshanicum, P. joangloverae, P. taii, P. uttarakhandense and P. yuyongnianii) with their close relatives. The graph summarises the effect of the collapseheight values on the number of species delimited and the support for the 1^st and 2^nd most probable delimitations. Heatmaps were generated for collapseheight values 0.0042 (24 species), 0.0067 (18 species), 0.0073 (17 species) and 0.0125 (11 species). Our aim was to assess the recently described species, and not to provide a full taxonomic revision of the group, which is clearly needed. All scenarios tested suggest that: P. heveae is a synonym of P. yuyongnianii; P. uttarakhandense is a synonym of P. onobense; P. austrosinense and P. marykayhuntiae are synonyms of P. guaibinense; and P. pauciramulum is a synonym of P. ausonanum. The remaining species are tentatively accepted.

Penicillium sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella (Fig. 49): STACEY was run to assess the relationships of the recently described species Penicillium ashbyae, P. reversovinaceum and P. zhanjiangense with their close relatives in ser. Janthinella. The graph summarises the effect of the collapseheight values on the number of species delimited and the support for the 1^st and 2^nd most probable delimitations. Heatmaps were generated for collapseheight values 0.0024 (24 species), 0.0044 (19 species), 0.0075 (14 species) and 0.0156 (3 species). Penicillium ashbyae and P. reversovinaceum are consistently delimited as separate species under all scenarios except that with collapseheight value of 0.0156, while P. zhanjiangense is only supported by three out of five scenarios depicted in Fig. 49. Based on our results, we include P. ashbyae, P. reversovinaceum and P. zhanjiangense in the accepted species list below.

Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia (Fig. 50): STACEY was run to assess the relationships of the recently described species Penicillium fuyuanense, P. keayae and P. lydenburgense with their close relatives. The graph summarises the effect of the collapseheight values on the number of species delimited and the support for the 1^st and 2^nd most probable delimitations. Heatmaps were generated for collapseheight values 0.0013 (12 species), 0.0027 (11 species), 0.0047 (10 species), 0.0101 (9 species), 0.0182 (7 species) and 0.0215 (6 species). The results of the analysis suggest that the part of the section with the highest level of uncertainty is the clade containing P. keayae and P. fuyuanense. Further analysis, ideally including other types of data (phenotype, ecology, metabolite production), would clarify whether two species are an appropriate solution.

Penicillium sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum (Fig. 51): STACEY was run to assess the relationships of the 16 recently described species (Penicillium acericola, P. additum, P. brachycaulis, P. carolineherscheliae, P. celere, P. creberum, P. ellipsoideum, P. flosculum, P. jiangjinense, P. scruposum, P. sphaerioides, P. subasperum, P. subglobosum, P. tardicrescens, P. wanyuanense and P. wulientehii) with existing data. The graph summarises the effect of the collapseheight values on the number of species delimited and the support for the 1^st and 2^nd most probable delimitations. Heatmaps were generated for collapseheight values 0.0124 (17 species), 0.0160 (14 species), 0.0175 (13 species) and 0.0225 (11 species). All but one tested scenario delimited P. carolineherscheliae, P. creberum, P. flosculum, P. wanyuanense and P. wulientehii within P. herquei. At collapseheight 0.0124 some structure in the clade is suggested, but with strains XQL2021 and IBT20771 delimited within the upper clade, we believe it is best to accept the broader definition of P. herquei which is also supported by GCPSR (Suppl. Fig. S31). All scenarios delimited a broad concept of P. umkhoba, with P. additum, P. brachycaulis, P. celere and P. ellipsoideum that are thus considered synonyms. Similarly, all scenarios suggested that P. subasperum should be considered a synonym of P. scruposum (or a broader lineage containing also P. sphaeroides). The remaining species are accepted here.

Penicillium sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum (Fig. 52): STACEY was run to assess the relationships of the 11 recently described species (Penicillium asterineum, P. austrosinicum, P. beibeiense, P. coccineum, P. dazhouense, P. ferraniaense, P. kirstenboschense, P. meliponae, P. ulleungdoense, P. wuxiense and P. xuanhanense) with close relatives in ser. Sclerotiorum species. The graph summarises the effect of the collapseheight values on the number of species delimited and the support for the 1^st and 2^nd most probable delimitations. Heatmaps were generated for collapseheight values 0.0080 (17 species), 0.0095 (15 species), 0.0125 (13 species), 0.0182 (11 species), 0.0223 (10 species) and 0.0283 (8 species). All scenarios delimited P. austrosinicum, P. beibeiense and P. meliponae inside P. maximae. Similarly, P. asterineum, P. ferraniaense and P. xuanhanense were delimited within P. daejeonium. These species are thus synonymised below. The other recently described species are accepted. Visagie et al. (2024d) considered P. tolerans a synonym of P. sclerotiorum, largely because it was described without taking into consideration previous work that accepted a large degree of variation within the species (Rivera & Seifert 2011, Rivera et al. 2012, Visagie et al. 2013). All scenarios delimit this group distinct from P. sclerotiorum, while some also suggest that CMW61666 might be distinct also. We opted to rename this group as the now accepted P. tolerans. Unresolved positions in the phylogeny of the series include mainly species consisting of only one isolate (singleton species) like P. dazhouense, P. fernandesiae, P. wuxiense, strain CMW61666 (currently to 'identified as P. tolerans). Further analysis, but perhaps more importantly, additional strains belonging to those species might help in assessing the correctness of the species boundaries.

Species described after 2023

Visagie et al. (2024d) reviewed the species described between 2020 and 2022, and recommended updates to the accepted species list published by Houbraken et al. (2020). Since 2023, a total of 171 species were described in Aspergillus (n = 23), Paecilomyces (n = 2), Penicillium (n = 104), Rasamsonia (n = 1), and Talaromyces (n = 41). Based on our phylogenetic analyses (Figs 1-52, Suppl. Figs S1-S40), we include 130 in our accepted species list but synonymise 41 with existing species. In the Taxonomy section below, we include a list of proposed synonyms where we indicate the current species name and short notes on why we consider them synonyms. From our analyses, we also conclude that 17 species described pre-2023 should be considered synonyms. These include Aspergillus filifer, A. fuscicans, A. pseudocaelatus, A. pseudonomiae, Penicillium anthracinoglaciei, P. austrosinense, P. austrosinicum, P. ferraniaense, P. kojigenum, P. linzhiense, P. meliponae, P. thomii, P. uttarakhandense, Talaromyces coprophilus, T. cucurbitiradicus, T. pseudofuniculosus and T. tabacinus.

TAXONOMY

Taxonomic novelties

Section Brunneospori Visagie, Houbraken & Hubka, sect. nov. MB 857954.

Etymology: Named after the type species of the section, Talaromyces brunneosporus.

Type: Talaromyces brunneosporus Rodr.-Andr., Cano & Stchigel, IMA Fungus 10: 19. 2019. [MB 823590].

Description: Talaromyces brunneosporus is the only species classified in the new section and is resolved basal to sect. Helici and Talaromyces. Morphologically, it is characterised by slow-growing colonies producing dark brown soluble pigments on CYA and YES (Rodríguez-Andrade et al. 2019).

Series Cibarii Visagie, Houbraken & Hubka, ser. nov. MB 857955. Etymology: Named after the type species of the series, Aspergillus cibarius.

Type: Aspergillus cibarius S.B. Hong & Samson, J. Microbiol. 50: 713. 2012. [MB 800861].

In: Aspergillus subg. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus.

Description: Phylogenies resolve series Cibarii on a well-supported branch sister to the series Aspergillus and Rubri (Fig. 8). The series currently only contains A. cibarius described by Hong et al. (2012). More recently, Chen et al. (2017) reached the same conclusions regarding the phylogenetic placement of A. cibarius. They revised section Aspergillus (formerly the genus Eurotium) species using morphology, extrolites and phylogenetics.

Series Veneta Visagie, Houbraken & Hubka, ser. nov. MB 857956.

Etymology: Named after the type species of the series, Penicillium venetum.

Type: Penicillium venetum (Frisvad) Frisvad, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 275. 2000. [MB 459816].

In: Penicillium subg. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata.

Diagnosis: Penicillium venetum is the only species classified in the new series (Figs 6, 36). It produces smooth-walled conidia and striking yellow-brown exudates and soluble pigments, which Frisvad & Samson (2004) considered diagnostic features.

Penicillium linzhiense H-K. Wang & R. Jeewon, sp. nov. MB 857953.

Synonym: Penicillium linzhiense [nom. inval. Art. 40.8 (Shenzhen)] H-K. Wang & R. Jeewon, Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 10 (no. 604504): 4. 2021. [MB 838576].

Infragen. class.: Penicillium subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia.

DNA barcodes: ITS = MT461156; BenA = MT461157; CaM = MT461162; RPB2 = n.a.

Type: China, Tibet Autonomous Region, Linzhi County, Linzhi Town (29.60146 N, 94.41736 E), soil, 20 Aug. 2016, collected by H.-K. Wang (holotype HMAS 353422 preserved as a dried culture, culture ex-type CCTCC-M 2019870).

Description: See Liang et al. (2021).

Notes: The species was invalidly described by Liang et al. (2021), who failed to cite the holotype accession. Here, we validate the species.

Penicillium simile Davolos, Pietr., Persiani & Maggi, sp. nov. MB 858616.

Synonym: Penicillium simile [nom. inval. Art. 40.7 (Shenzhen)] Davolos, Pietr., Persiani & Maggi, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 62: 457. 2012. [MB 509645].

Infragen. class.: Penicillium subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Raistrickiorum.

DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ376592; BenA = FJ376595; CaM = GQ979710; RPB2 = MN969137

Typus: Italy, Lazio, Rome, air in restoration laboratory at Castel Gandolfo, collection date and collector unknown (holotype ATCC MYA-4591 preserved in a metabolically inactive state, culture ex-type CBS 129191 = ATCC MYA-4591).

Description: See Davolos et al. (2012).

Notes: The species was invalidly described by Davolos et al. (2012), who failed to cite a single designation of the holotype. Here, we validate the species.

Penicillium ulleungdoense D.H. Choi & J.G. Kim, sp. nov. MB 858617.

Synonym: Penicillium ulleungdoense [nom. inval. Art. 40.8 (Shenzhen)] D.H. Choi & J.G. Kim, Mycobiology 49: 48. 2021. [MB 835474].

Infragen. class.: Penicillium subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum.

DNA barcodes: ITS = MN640087; BenA = MN737487; CaM = MN745074; RPB2 = MN756007.

Typus: South Korea, Ulleung Island, root of Phedimus takesimensis, 4 Apr. 2017, collected by D.H. Choi (holotype KACC 48990, preserved as metabolically inactive culture, culture ex-type KACC 48990).

Description: See Choi et al. (2020).

Notes: The species was invalidly described because Choi et al. (2020) did not mention that the holotype was metabolically inactive (Art. 40.8). We validate the name here.

Summary of accepted species in Eurotiales

We accept 1393 species in Eurotiales (excluding Elaphomycetaceae). These are classified into four families (Aspergillaceae, Penicillaginaceae, Thermoascaceae, Trichocomaceae) and 26 genera, including Acidotalaromyces (n = 1), Ascospirella (n = 1), Aspergillago (n = 1), Aspergillus (n = 465), Dendrosphaera (n = 1), Evansstolkia (n = 1), Hamigera (n = 9), Leiothecium (n = 2), Monascus (n = 9), Paecilomyces (n = 16), Penicillago (n = 4), Penicilliopsis (n = 2), Penicillium (n = 598), Phialomyces (n=3), Pseudohamigera (n = 1), Pseudopenicillium (n = 3), Rasamsonia (n = 15), Sagenomella (n = 6), Sclerocleista (n = 2), Talaromyces (n = 237), Thermoascus (n = 7), Thermomyces (n = 2), Trichocoma (n = 1), Warcupiella (n = 1), Xerochrysium (n = 4) and Xeromyces (n = 1).

Current families and genera in Eurotiales

Eurotiales G.W. Martin ex Benny & Kimbr., Mycotaxon 12: 23. 1980. [MB 90472]. — Type: Eurotium [MB 1942].

Aspergillaceae Link, Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1824: 165. 1826. [MB 80489]. — Type: Aspergillus [MB 7248].

Aspergillago Samson, Houbraken & Frisvad, Stud. Mycol. 85: 211. 2016. [MB 819186]. — Type: Aspergillago clavatoflava [MB 819187].

Aspergillus P. Micheli ex Haller, Hist. stirp. indig. Helv. inch.: 113. 1768. [MB 7248]. — Type: Aspergillus glaucus [MB 860658].

Evansstolkia Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 13. 2020. [MB 832553]. — Type: Penicillium leycettanum [MB 319282] ≡ Evansstolkia leycettana [MB 832558].

Hamigera Stolk & Samson, Persoonia 6: 342. 1971. [MB 2215]. — Type: Hamigera avellanea [MB 314868].

Leiothecium Samson & Mouch., Canad. J. Bot. 53: 1634. 1975. [MB 2719]. — Type: Leiothecium ellipsoideum [MB 316445].

Monascus Tiegh., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 31: 226. 1884. [MB 3247]. — Type: Monascus ruber [MB 234876].

Penicilliopsis Solms, Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 6: 53. 1887. [MB 3806]. — Type: Penicilliopsis clavariiformis [MB 120178].

Penicillium Link, Mag. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 16. 1809. [MB 9257]. — Type: Penicillium expansum [MB 159382].

Phialomyces P.C. Misra & P.H.B. Talbot, Canad. J. Bot. 42: 1287. 1964. [MB 9341]. — Type: Phialomyces macrosporus [MB 336291].

Pseudohamigera Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 95: 19. 2020. [MB 832554]. — Type: Penicillium striatum [MB 289109] ≡ Pseudohamigera striata [MB 832565].

Pseudopenicillium Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 66. 2020. [MB 822076]. — Type: Pseudopenicillium megasporum [MB 822078].

Sclerocleista Subram., Curr. Sci. 41: 757. 1972. [MB 4928]. — Type: Sclerocleista ornata [MB 323241].

Warcupiella Subram., Curr. Sci. 41: 757. 1972. [MB 5762]. — Type: Warcupiella spinulosa [MB 325542].

Xerochrysium Pitt, IMA Fungus 4: 236. 2013. [MB 807003]. — Type: Xerochrysium dermatitidis [MB 807005].

Xeromyces L.R. Fraser, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 78: 245. 1954. [MB 5830]. — Type: Xeromyces bisporus [MB 307870].

Elaphomycetaceae Tul. ex Paol., Sylloge Fungorum 8: 863. 1889. [MB 80727]. — Type: Elaphomyces [MB 1753].

Elaphomyces T. Nees, Geschichte der merckwürdigsten Pilze 4: LXIX. 1820. [MB 1753]. — Type: Elaphomyces granulatus [MB 213648].

Penicillaginaceae Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 95: 9. 2020. [MB 832568]. — Type: Penicillago [MB 822073].

Penicillago Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 64. 2020. [MB 822073]. — Type: Penicillago nodositata [MB 822074].

Thermoascaceae Apinis, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 50 (4): 581. 1967. [MB 81467]. — Type: Thermoascus [MB 5446].

Paecilomyces Bainier, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 23: 27. 1907. [MB 9196]. — Type: Paecilomyces variotii [MB 248517].

Thermoascus Miehe, Selbsterhitz. Heus: 70. 1907. [MB 5446]. — Type: Thermoascus aurantiacus [MB 122028].

Trichocomaceae E. Fisch., in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(1): 310. 1897. [MB 81485]. — Type: Trichocoma [MB 5551].

Acidotalaromyces Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 95: 10. 2020. [MB 832551]. — Type: Penicillium lignorum [MB 335743] ≡ Acidotalaromyces lignorum [MB 832555].

Ascospirella Houbraken, Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 95: 11. 2020. [MB 832552]. — Type: Penicillium luteum [MB 178654] ≡ Ascospirella lutea [MB 832556].

Rasamsonia Houbraken & Frisvad, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 101: 411. 2011 [2012]. [MB 519868]. — Type: Rasamsonia emersonii [MB 519874].

Sagenomella W. Gams, Persoonia 10: 100. 1978. [MB 9773]. — Type: Sagenomella diversispora [MB 323034].

Talaromyces C.R. Benj., Mycologia 47: 681. 1955. [MB 5347]. — Type: Talaromyces vermiculatus [MB 306724] = Talaromyces flavus [MB 324416].

Thermomyces Tsikl., Ann. Inst. Pasteur 13: 500. 1899. [MB 10209]. — Type: Thermomyces lanuginosus [MB 239786].

Trichocoma Jungh., Praem. Fl. Crypt. Java: 9. 1838. [MB 5551]. — Type: Trichocoma paradoxa [MB 161024].

Family incertae sedis

Dendrosphaera Pat., Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 23: 69. 1907. [MB 1455]. — Type: Dendrosphaera eberhardtii [MB 183425].

Subgeneric classification of Aspergillus

subg. Aspergillus [MB 701330]. — Type: Aspergillus glaucus [MB 860658].

sect. Aspergillus [MB 548676]. — Type: Aspergillus glaucus [MB 860658].

ser. Aspergillus [MB 834209]. — Type: Aspergillus glaucus [MB 860658].

ser. Chevalierorum [MB 832995]. — Type: Aspergillus chevalieri [MB 292839].

ser. Cibarii [MB 857955]. — Type: Aspergillus cibarius [MB 800861].

ser. Leucocarpi [MB 832996]. — Type: Aspergillus leucocarpus [MB 326642].

ser. Rubri [MB 832997]. — Type: Aspergillus ruber [MB 276893].

ser. Tamarindosolorum [MB 832998]. — Type: Aspergillus tamarindosoli [MB 818737].

ser. Teporium [MB 832999]. — Type: Aspergillus teporis [MB 818738].

ser. Xerophili [MB 833000]. — Type: Aspergillus xerophilus [MB 309251].

sect. Restricti [MB 832494]. — Type: Aspergillus restrictus [MB 276290].

ser. Halophilici [MB 833001]. — Type: Aspergillus halophilicus [MB 326633].

ser. Penicillioides [MB 833002]. — Type: Aspergillus penicillioides [MB 309234].

ser. Restricti [MB 833003]. — Type: Aspergillus restrictus [MB 276290].

ser. Vitricolarum [MB 833004]. — Type: Aspergillus vitricola [MB 326665].

subg. Circumdati [MB 832507]. — Type: Aspergillus alutaceus [MB 214703] = Aspergillus ochraceus [MB 190223].

sect. Candidi [MB 832512]. — Type: Aspergillus candidus [MB 204868].

Informal ser. Candidi. — Type: Aspergillus candidus [MB 204868].

sect. Circumdati [MB 832508]. — Type: Aspergillus alutaceus [MB 214703] = Aspergillus ochraceus [MB 190223].

ser. Circumdati [MB 832987]. — Type: Aspergillus alutaceus [MB 214703] = Aspergillus ochraceus [MB 190223].

ser. Sclerotiorum [MB 832581]. — Type: Aspergillus sclerotiorum [MB 277707].

ser. Steyniorum [MB 832582]. — Type: Aspergillus steynii [MB 500006].

sect. Dichlaena [MB 849488]. — Type: Aspergillus lentisci [MB 849485].

Informal ser. Dichlaena. — Type: Aspergillus lentisci [MB 849485].

sect. Flavi [MB 832510]. — Type: Aspergillus flavus [MB 209842].

ser. Alliacei [MB 832583]. — Type: Aspergillus alliaceus [MB 256402].

ser. Annuorum [MB 845971]. — Type: Aspergillus annui [MB 849336].

ser. Avenacei [MB 832584]. — Type: Aspergillus avenaceus [MB 284296].

ser. Bertholletiarum [MB 832988]. — Type: Aspergillus bertholletiae [MB 622229].

ser. Coremiiformes [MB 832585]. — Type: Aspergillus coremiiformis [MB 309214].

ser. Flavi [MB 832989]. — Type: Aspergillus flavus [MB 209842].

ser. Kitamyces [MB 832586]. — Type: Aspergillus tamarii [MB 191425].

ser. Leporum [MB 832587]. — Type: Aspergillus leporis [MB 326641].

ser. Nomiarum [MB 832588]. — Type: Aspergillus nomiae [MB 634998].

sect. Flavipedes [MB 832506]. — Type: Aspergillus flavipes [MB 265045].

ser. Flavipedes [MB 832990]. — Type: Aspergillus flavipes [MB 265045].

ser. Neonivei [MB 832589]. — Type: Aspergillus neoniveus [MB 560395].

ser. Olivimuriarum [MB 835555]. — Type: Aspergillus olivimuriae [MB 826866].

ser. Spelaei [MB 832590]. — Type: Aspergillus spelaeus [MB 808146].

sect. Janorum [MB 832532]. — Type: Aspergillus janus [MB 284303].

Informal ser. Janorum. — Type: Aspergillus janus [MB 284303].

sect. Nigri [MB 832511]. — Type: Aspergillus niger [MB 284309].

ser. Carbonarii [MB 832591]. — Type: Aspergillus carbonarius [MB 100545].

ser. Heteromorphi [MB 832592]. — Type: Aspergillus heteromorphus [MB 292846].

ser. Japonici [MB 834295]. — Type: Aspergillus japonicus [MB 160656].

ser. Nigri [MB 832991]. — Type: Aspergillus niger [MB 284309].

sect. Petersoniorum [MB 832533]. — Type: Aspergillus petersonii [MB 814440].

Informal ser. Petersoniorum. — Type: Aspergillus petersonii [MB 814440].

sect. Robusti [MB 814443]. — Type: Aspergillus robustus [MB 309241].

Informal ser. Robusti. — Type: Aspergillus robustus [MB 309241].

sect. Tannerorum [MB 832534]. — Type: Aspergillus tanneri [MB 801149].

Informal ser. Tannerorum. — Type: Aspergillus tanneri [MB 801149].

sect. Terrei [MB 832505]. — Type: Aspergillus terreus [MB 191719].

ser. Ambigui [MB 832594]. — Type: Aspergillus ambiguus [MB 292834].

ser. Nivei [MB 832595]. — Type: Aspergillus niveus [MB 272402].

ser. Terrei [MB 832992]. — Type: Aspergillus terreus [MB 191719].

subg. Cremei [MB 819182]. — Type: Aspergillus cremeus [MB 326621].

sect. Cremei [MB 832513]. — Type: Aspergillus cremeus [MB 326621].

ser. Arxiorum [MB 833044]. — Type: Aspergillus arxii [MB 809575].

ser. Brunneouniseriati [MB 833045]. — Type: Aspergillus brunneouniseriatus [MB 326616].

ser. Cremei [MB 833046]. — Type: Aspergillus cremeus [MB 326621].

ser. Inflati [MB 833047]. — Type: Aspergillus inflatus [MB 809590].

ser. Pulvini [MB 833048]. — Type: Aspergillus pulvinus [MB 326651].

ser. Wentiorum [MB 833049]. — Type: Aspergillus wentii [MB 172623].

subg. Fumigati [MB 832495]. — Type: Aspergillus fumigatus [MB 211776].

sect. Cervini [MB 832497]. — Type: Aspergillus cervinus [MB 211549].

ser. Acidohumorum [MB 832596]. — Type: Aspergillus acidohumus [MB 817723].

ser. Cervini [MB 832993]. — Type: Aspergillus cervinus [MB 211549].

sect. Clavati [MB 832500]. — Type: Aspergillus clavatus [MB 211530].

Informal ser. Clavati. — Type: Aspergillus clavatus [MB 211530].

sect. Fumigati [MB 832496]. — Type: Aspergillus fumigatus [MB 211776].

ser. Brevipedes [MB 832597]. — Type: Aspergillus brevipes [MB 292837].

ser. Fennelliarum [MB 832598]. — Type: Aspergillus fennelliae [MB 309218].

ser. Fumigati [MB 832994]. — Type: Aspergillus fumigatus [MB 211776].

ser. Neoglabri [MB 832599]. — Type: Aspergillus neoglaber [MB 127762].

ser. Spathulati [MB 832600]. — Type: Aspergillus spathulatus [MB 104019].

ser. Thermomutati [MB 832601]. — Type: Aspergillus thermomutatus [MB 358403].

ser. Unilaterales [MB 832602]. — Type: Aspergillus unilateralis [MB 292862].

ser. Viridinutantes [MB 832603]. — Type: Aspergillus viridinutans [MB 292864].

sect. Vargarum [MB 832604]. — Type: Aspergillus cejpii [MB 809582].

Informal ser. Vargarum. — Type: Aspergillus cejpii [MB 809582].

subg. Nidulantes [MB 832501]. — Type: Aspergillus nidulellus [MB 114711] = Aspergillus nidulans [MB 182069].

sect. Aenei [MB 517672]. — Type: Aspergillus aeneus [MB 292832].

Informal ser. Aenei. — Type: Aspergillus aeneus [MB 292832].

sect. Bispori [MB 833244]. — Type: Aspergillus bisporus [MB 309213].

Informal ser. Bispori. — Type: Aspergillus bisporus [MB 309213].

sect. Cavernicolarum [MB 832535]. — Type: Aspergillus cavernicola [MB 326617].

ser. Cavernicolarum [MB 833245]. — Type: Aspergillus cavernicola [MB 326617].

ser. Egyptiaci [MB 833246]. — Type: Aspergillus egyptiacus [MB 344341].

ser. Hainanici [MB 570966]. — Type: Aspergillus hainanicus [MB 570967].

sect. Nidulantes [MB 832502]. — Type: Aspergillus nidulellus [MB 114711] = Aspergillus nidulans [MB 182069].

ser. Aurantiobrunnei [MB 833247]. — Type: Aspergillus aurantiobrunneus [MB 326612].

ser. Multicolores [MB 833248]. — Type: Aspergillus multicolor [MB 292849].

ser. Nidulantes [MB 833249]. — Type: Aspergillus nidulellus [MB 114711] = Aspergillus nidulans [MB 182069].

ser. Speluncei [MB 833250]. — Type: Aspergillus spelunceus [MB 326656].

ser. Stellati [MB 833251]. — Type: Aspergillus stellatus [MB 254841].

ser. Unguium [MB 833253]. — Type: Aspergillus unguis [MB 255264].

ser. Versicolores [MB 833254]. — Type: Aspergillus versicolor [MB 172159].

sect. Ochraceorosei [MB 500165]. — Type: Aspergillus ochraceoroseus [MB 309233].

ser. Funiculosi [MB 833255]. — Type: Aspergillus funiculosus [MB 292845].

ser. Ochraceorosei [MB 833256]. — Type: Aspergillus ochraceoroseus [MB 309233].

sect. Raperorum [MB 833258]. — Type: Aspergillus raperi [MB 292858].

Informal ser. Raperorum. — Type: Aspergillus raperi [MB 292858].

sect. Silvatici [MB 833259]. — Type: Aspergillus silvaticus [MB 292859].

Informal ser. Silvatici. — Type: Aspergillus silvaticus [MB 292859].

sect. Sparsi [MB 832514]. — Type: Aspergillus sparsus [MB 284314].

ser. Biplani [MB 833260]. — Type: Aspergillus biplanus [MB 326615].

ser. Conjuncti [MB 833261]. — Type: Aspergillus conjunctus [MB 326620].

ser. Implicati [MB 833262]. — Type: Aspergillus implicatus [MB 362533].

ser. Sparsi [MB 833263]. — Type: Aspergillus sparsus [MB 284314].

sect. Usti [MB 832504]. — Type: Aspergillus ustus [MB 281216].

ser. Calidousti [MB 833264]. — Type: Aspergillus calidoustus [MB 504846].

ser. Deflecti [MB 833266]. — Type: Aspergillus deflectus [MB 292841].

ser. Monodiorum [MB 833267]. — Type: Aspergillus monodii [MB 560402].

ser. Usti [MB 833268]. — Type: Aspergillus ustus [MB 281216].

subg. Polypaecilum [MB 819184]. — Type: Polypaecilum insolitum [MB 337467] ≡ Aspergillus insolitus [MB 809591].

sect. Polypaecilum [MB 833038]. — Type: Polypaecilum insolitum [MB 337467] ≡ Aspergillus insolitus [MB 809591].

ser. Canini [MB 833039]. — Type: Phialosimplex caninus [MB 513393] ≡ Aspergillus caninus [MB 809580].

ser. Kalimarum [MB 833040]. — Type: Aspergillus kalimae [MB 822732].

ser. Noonimiarum [MB 833041]. — Type: Aspergillus noonimiae [MB 822733].

ser. Polypaecilum [MB 833037]. — Type: Polypaecilum insolitum [MB 337467] ≡ Aspergillus insolitus [MB 809591].

ser. Salinarum [MB 833042]. — Type: Aspergillus salinarum [MB 823688].

ser. Whitfieldiorum [MB 833043]. — Type: Aspergillus whitfieldii [MB 822736].

Subgeneric classification of Monascus

sect. Floridani [MB 820076]. — Type: Monascus floridanus [MB 132123].

sect. Rubri [MB 820077]. — Type: Monascus ruber [MB 234876].

Subgeneric classification of Penicillium

subg. Aspergilloides [MB 833420]. — Type: Penicillium aurantiobrunneum [MB 237393] = Penicillium glabrum [MB 120545].

sect. Alfrediorum [MB 834239]. — Type: Penicillium alfredii [MB 809180].

Informal ser. Alfrediorum. — Type: Penicillium alfredii [MB 809180].

sect. Aspergilloides [MB 832951]. — Type: Penicillium aurantiobrunneum [MB 237393] = Penicillium glabrum [MB 120545].

ser. Fortuita [MB 834240]. — Type: Penicillium fortuitum [MB 827860].

ser. Glabra [MB 832952]. — Type: Penicillium glabrum [MB 120545].

ser. Hoeksiorum [MB 834241]. — Type: Penicillium hoeksii [MB 809965].

ser. Improvisa [MB 834242]. — Type: Penicillium improvisum [MB 815769].

ser. Kiamaensia [MB 834243]. — Type: Penicillium kiamaense [MB 809967].

ser. Livida [MB 834244]. — Type: Penicillium lividum [MB 178817].

ser. Longicatenata [MB 834245]. — Type: Penicillium longicatenatum [MB 809968].

ser. Pinetorum [MB 834246]. — Type: Eupenicillium pinetorum [MB 330740] = Penicillium fuscum [MB 289082].

ser. Quercetorum [MB 834247]. — Type: Penicillium quercetorum [MB 335762].

ser. Saturniformia [MB 834248]. — Type: Penicillium saturniforme [MB 561958].

ser. Simianshanica [MB 571493]. — Type: Penicillium simianshanicum [MB 571558].

ser. Spinulosa [MB 834249]. — Type: Penicillium spinulosum [MB 215401].

ser. Sublectatica [MB 834250]. — Type: Penicillium sublectaticum [MB 809974].

ser. Thiersiorum [MB 834251]. — Type: Penicillium thiersii [MB 487738].

ser. Thomiorum [MB 834252]. — Type: Penicillium thomii [MB 202819].

ser. Verhageniorum [MB 834253]. — Type: Penicillium verhagenii [MB 809979].

sect. Charlesia [MB 563125]. — Type: Penicillium charlesii [MB 260433].

ser. Costaricensia [MB 834254]. — Type: Penicillium costaricense [MB 815773].

ser. Fellutana [MB 832961]. — Type: Penicillium fellutanum [MB 264748].

ser. Indica [MB 834255]. — Type: Penicillium indicum [MB 335735].

ser. Phoenicea [MB 834256]. — Type: Penicillium phoeniceum [MB 274284].

sect. Cinnamopurpurea [MB 563128]. — Type: Penicillium cinnamopurpureum [MB 302386].

ser. Cinnamopurpurea [MB 834257]. — Type: Penicillium cinnamopurpureum [MB 302386].

ser. Idahoensia [MB 834258]. — Type: Penicillium idahoense [MB 319275].

ser. Jiangxiensia [MB 834259]. — Type: Penicillium jiangxiense [MB 489161].

ser. Nodula [MB 834260]. — Type: Penicillium nodulum [MB 135445].

sect. Citrina [MB 563132]. — Type: Penicillium citrinum [MB 165293].

ser. Citrina [MB 832965]. — Type: Penicillium citrinum [MB 165293].

ser. Copticolarum [MB 834261]. — Type: Penicillium copticola [MB 563205].

ser. Euglauca [MB 834262]. — Type: Penicillium euglaucum [MB 289081].

ser. Gallaica [MB 834263]. — Type: Penicillium gallaicum [MB 113021].

ser. Paxillorum [MB 834264]. — Type: Penicillium paxilli [MB 203838].

ser. Roseopurpurea [MB 834265]. — Type: Penicillium roseopurpureum [MB 213447].

ser. Sheariorum [MB 834266]. — Type: Penicillium shearii [MB 335765].

ser. Sumatraensia [MB 834267]. — Type: Penicillium sumatraense [MB 319297].

ser. Vascosobrinhoana [MB 840643]. — Type: Penicillium vascosobrinhoanum [MB 840590].

ser. Westlingiorum [MB 834268]. — Type: Penicillium wellingtonense [MB 563208].

sect. Crypta [MB 834269]. — Type: Penicillium cryptum [MB 103648].

Informal ser. Crypta. — Type: Penicillium cryptum [MB 103648].

sect. Eremophila [MB 834270]. — Type: Penicillium eremophilum [MB 820075].

Informal ser. Eremophila. — Type: Penicillium eremophilum [MB 820075].

sect. Exilicaulis [MB 832954]. — Type: Penicillium restrictum [MB 276289].

ser. Alutacea [MB 834271]. — Type: Eupenicillium alutaceum [MB 330719] ≡ Penicillium alutaceum [MB 335708].

ser. Citreonigra [MB 832956]. — Type: Penicillium citreonigrum [MB 165197].

ser. Corylophila [MB 834272]. — Type: Penicillium corylophilum [MB 178294].

ser. Erubescentia [MB 834273]. — Type: Eupenicillium erubescens [MB 330727] ≡ Penicillium erubescens [MB 335726].

ser. Lapidosa [MB 834517]. — Type: Eupenicillium lapidosum [MB 330733] ≡ Penicillium lapidosum [MB 289094].

ser. Restricta [MB 832955]. — Type: Penicillium restrictum [MB 276289].

sect. Gracilenta [MB 563131]. — Type: Penicillium gracilentum [MB 319272].

ser. Angustiporcata [MB 834275]. — Type: Penicillium angustiporcatum [MB 108322].

ser. Estinogena [MB 834276]. — Type: Penicillium estinogenum [MB 302397].

ser. Gracilenta [MB 834277]. — Type: Penicillium gracilentum [MB 319272].

ser. Macrosclerotiorum [MB 834278]. — Type: Penicillium macrosclerotiorum [MB 492622].

sect. Griseola [MB 834279]. — Type: Penicillium griseolum [MB 302401].

Informal ser. Griseola. — Type: Penicillium griseolum [MB 302401].

sect. Inusitata [MB 834274]. — Type: Penicillium inusitatum [MB 335736].

Informal ser. Inusitata. — Type: Penicillium inusitatum [MB 335736].

sect. Lanata-Divaricata [MB 834002]. — Type: Penicillium janthinellum [MB 119134].

ser. Dalearum [MB 834280]. — Type: Penicillium daleae [MB 262773].

ser. Janthinella [MB 832959]. — Type: Penicillium janthinellum [MB 119134].

ser. Oxalica [MB 832963]. — Type: Penicillium oxalicum [MB 121033].

ser. Rolfsiorum [MB 834281]. — Type: Penicillium rolfsii [MB 276674].

ser. Simplicissima [MB 834282]. — Type: Penicillium simplicissimum [MB 278201].

sect. Lasseniorum [MB 834283]. — Type: Penicillium lassenii [MB 319281].

Informal ser. Lasseniorum. — Type: Penicillium lassenii [MB 319281].

sect. Ochrosalmonea [MB 563127]. — Type: Penicillium ochrosalmoneum [MB 302409].

ser. Ochrosalmonea [MB 832728]. — Type: Penicillium ochrosalmoneum [MB 302409].

sect. Ramigena [MB 834004]. — Type: Penicillium cyaneum [MB 251712].

ser. Georgiensia [MB 834284]. — Type: Penicillium georgiense [MB 509290].

ser. Ramigena [MB 834285]. — Type: Penicillium cyaneum [MB 251712].

sect. Sclerotiorum [MB 585167]. — Type: Penicillium sclerotiorum [MB 277708].

ser. Adametziorum [MB 834286]. — Type: Penicillium adametzii [MB 119777].

ser. Herqueorum [MB 834287]. — Type: Penicillium herquei [MB 536431].

ser. Sclerotiorum [MB 834288]. — Type: Penicillium sclerotiorum [MB 277708].

sect. Stolkia [MB 563130]. — Type: Penicillium stolkiae [MB 335768].

Informal ser. Stolkia. — Type: Penicillium stolkiae [MB 335768].

sect. Thysanophora [MB 563126]. — Type: Sclerotium glaucoalbidum [MB 212120] ≡ Penicillium glaucoalbidum [MB 561965].

Informal ser. Thysanophora. — Type: Sclerotium glaucoalbidum [MB 212120] ≡ Penicillium glaucoalbidum [MB 561965].

sect. Torulomyces [MB 832720]. — Type: Penicillium lagena [MB 109162].

Informal ser. Torulomyces. — Type: Penicillium lagena [MB 109162].

subg. Penicillium [MB 92187]. — Type: Penicillium expansum [MB 159382].

sect. Brevicompacta [MB 834006]. — Type: Penicillium brevicompactum [MB 149773].

ser. Brevicompacta [MB 834482]. — Type: Penicillium brevicompactum [MB 149773].

ser. Buchwaldiorum [MB 833972]. — Type: Penicillium buchwaldii [MB 800966].

ser. Olsoniorum [MB 833052]. — Type: Penicillium olsonii [MB 121021].

ser. Tularensia [MB 833973]. — Type: Eupenicillium tularense [MB 313986] ≡ Penicillium tularense [MB 319298].

sect. Canescentia [MB 563135]. — Type: Penicillium canescens [MB 153765].

ser. Atroveneta [MB 832726]. — Type: Penicillium atrovenetum [MB 302377].

ser. Canescentia [MB 832960]. — Type: Penicillium canescens [MB 153765].

sect. Chrysogena [MB 700796]. — Type: Penicillium chrysogenum [MB 165757].

ser. Aethiopica [MB 700800]. — Type: Penicillium aethiopicum [MB 126403] = Penicillium lanosocoeruleum [MB 268949].

ser. Chrysogena [MB 832730]. — Type: Penicillium chrysogenum [MB 165757].

ser. Crustacea [MB 833975]. — Type: Eupenicillium crustaceum [MB 101937] = Penicillium kewense [MB 335740].

ser. Goetziorum [MB 833974]. — Type: Penicillium goetzii [MB 801876].

ser. Persicina [MB 700803]. — Type: Penicillium persicinum [MB 500259].

sect. Eladia [MB 832721]. — Type: Penicillium sacculum [MB 277209].

Informal ser. Eladia. — Type: Penicillium sacculum [MB 277209].

sect. Fasciculata [MB 834008]. — Type: Penicillium hirsutum [MB 152720].

ser. Camembertiorum [MB 833061]. — Type: Penicillium camemberti [MB 175171].

ser. Corymbifera [MB 700801]. — Type: Penicillium hirsutum var. albocoremium [MB 126411] ≡ Penicillium albocoremium [MB 459817].

ser. Gladioli [MB 832732]. — Type: Penicillium gladioli [MB 266048].

ser. Veneta [MB 857956]. — Type: Penicillium venetum [MB 459816].

ser. Verrucosa [MB 700806]. — Type: Penicillium verrucosum [MB 212252].

ser. Viridicata [MB 832967]. — Type: Penicillium viridicatum [MB 163349].

sect. Formosana [MB 833976]. — Type: Penicillium formosanum [MB 126488].

Informal ser. Formosana. — Type: Penicillium formosanum [MB 126488].

sect. Osmophila [MB 815869]. — Type: Penicillium osmophilum [MB 319288].

ser. Osmophila [MB 833977]. — Type: Penicillium osmophilum [MB 319288].

ser. Samsoniorum [MB 833978]. — Type: Penicillium samsonianum [MB 815873].

sect. Paradoxa [MB 563134]. — Type: Aspergillus paradoxus [MB 292853] ≡ Penicillium paradoxum [MB 547045].

ser. Atramentosa [MB 833979]. — Type: Penicillium atramentosum [MB 237291].

ser. Paradoxa [MB 833980]. — Type: Aspergillus paradoxus [MB 292853] ≡ Penicillium paradoxum [MB 547045].

sect. Penicillium [MB 549140]. — Type: Penicillium expansum [MB 159382].

ser. Clavigera [MB 833981]. — Type: Penicillium clavigerum [MB 261069].

ser. Digitata [MB 832731]. — Type: Penicillium digitatum [MB 169502].

ser. Italica [MB 834537]. — Type: Penicillium italicum [MB 162660].

ser. Penicillium [MB 549141]. — Type: Penicillium expansum [MB 159382].

ser. Sclerotigena [MB 833982]. — Type: Penicillium sclerotigenum [MB 302424].

sect. Ramosum [MB 832722]. — Type: Penicillium lanosum [MB 178497].

ser. Lanosa [MB 834032]. — Type: Penicillium lanosum [MB 178497].

ser. Raistrickiorum [MB 833983]. — Type: Penicillium raistrickii [MB 276069].

ser. Scabrosa [MB 833984]. — Type: Penicillium scabrosum [MB 136735].

ser. Soppiorum [MB 833985]. — Type: Penicillium soppii [MB 121424].

ser. Virgata [MB 833986]. — Type: Penicillium virgatum [MB 341488].

sect. Robsamsonia [MB 815870]. — Type: Penicillium robsamsonii [MB 815872].

ser. Claviformia [MB 834533]. — Type: Penicillium vulpinum [MB 114763].

ser. Glandicolarum [MB 834600]. — Type: Penicillium glandicola [MB 114761].

ser. Robsamsonia [MB 833987]. — Type: Penicillium robsamsonii [MB 815872].

ser. Urticicola [MB 834534]. — Type: Penicillium urticae [MB 202746] ≡ Penicillium griseofulvum [MB 120566].

sect. Roquefortorum [MB 701527]. — Type: Penicillium roqueforti [MB 213525].

Informal ser. Roquefortorum. — Type: Penicillium roqueforti [MB 213525].

sect. Turbata [MB 563133]. — Type: Penicillium turbatum [MB 202895].

Informal ser. Turbata. — Type: Penicillium turbatum [MB 202895].

Subgeneric classification of Talaromyces

sect. Bacillispori [MB 809642]. — Type: Talaromyces bacillisporus [MB 306713].

sect. Brunneospori [MB 857954]. — Type: Talaromyces brunneosporus [MB 823590].

sect. Helici [MB 809558]. — Type: Talaromyces helicus [MB 547043].

sect. Islandici [MB 809565]. — Type: Talaromyces islandicus [MB 560654].

sect. Purpurei [MB 833058]. — Type: Talaromyces purpureus [MB 324420].

sect. Subinflati [MB 809564]. — Type: Talaromyces subinflatus [MB 361184].

sect. Talaromyces [MB 549314]. — Type: Talaromyces flavus [MB 324416].

sect. Tenues [MB 833138]. — Type: Talaromyces tenuis [MB 833136].

sect. Trachyspermi [MB 701485]. — Type: Talaromyces trachyspermus [MB 324421].

List of species accepted in Eurotiales

Acidotalaromyces

Acidotalaromyces lignorum (Stolk) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 86. 2020. [MB 832555]. — Typus: CBS H-7505. Ex-type: CBS 709.68 = ATCC 22051 = FRR 804 = IMI 151899 = UPSC 3184. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF910285; BenA = HQ156946; CaM = JX140680; RPB2 = MN969215.

Ascospirella

Ascospirella lutea (Zukal) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 86. 2020. [MB 832556]. — Typus: IMI 89305. Ex-type: CBS 348.51 = DTO 165-C7 = CECT 2950 = IFO 31753 = IMI 89305 = LSHBBB 228. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431414; BenA = MN969437; CaM = MN969356; RPB2 = MN969216.

Aspergillago

Aspergillago clavatoflava (Raper & Fennell) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 85: 211. 2016. [MB 819187]. — Typus: WB5113. Ex-type: CBS 473.65 = DTO 022-B2 = NRRL 5113 = ATCC 16866 = IMI 124937 = LCP 89.2589. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669713; BenA = EF669686; CaM = EF669700; RPB2 = EF669668.

Aspergillus

Aspergillus acanthosporus Udagawa & Takada, Bull. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 14: 503. 1971. [MB 309201]. — Typus: NHL 22462. Ex-type: CBS 558.71 = NRRL 5293 = ATCC 22931 = IMI 164621 = NHL 2462. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Clavati ser. Clavati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU078625; BenA = MN969364; CaM = EU078676; RPB2 = EF669779.

Aspergillus acidohumus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 71. 2016. [MB 817723]. — Typus: CBS H-22730. Ex-type: CBS 141577 = CGMCC 3.18217 = DTO 340-H1 = IBT 34346. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Acidohumorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX423646; BenA = KX423623; CaM = KX423634; RPB2 = KX423663.

Aspergillus acrensis Hubka et al., Persoonia 41: 163. 2018. [MB 822542]. — Typus: IFM 57291H. Ex-type: IFM 57291 = CCF 4670. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = LT795980; CaM = LT795981; RPB2 = LT795982.

Aspergillus aculeatinus Noonim et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 58: 1733. 2008. [MB 505075]. — Typus: CBS 121060. Ex-type: CBS 121060 = IBT 29077 = DTO 202-G5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU159211; BenA = EU159220; CaM = EU159241; RPB2 = HF559233. Genome: GCF_003184765.

Aspergillus aculeatus Iizuka, J. Agric. Chem. Soc. Japan 27: 806. 1953. [MB 292831]. — Typus: IMI 211388. Ex-type: CBS 172.66 = NRRL 5094 = NRRL 20623 = IMI 211388 = ATCC 16872 = WB 5094. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661221; BenA = HE577806; CaM = EF661148; RPB2 = EF661046. Genome: GCF_001890905.

Aspergillus aeneus Sappa, Allionia 2: 84. 1954. [MB 292832]. — Typus: CBS H-6735. Ex-type: CBS 128.54 = CCF 5257 = NRRL 4769 = ATCC 16803 = IMI 69855 = LSHBB B 355 = MUCL 13570 = QM 1945 = WB 4279 = WB 4769. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652474; BenA = EF652298; CaM = EF652386; RPB2 = EF652210.

Aspergillus aerius A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 79. 2017. [MB 818731]. — Typus: CBS H-22823. Ex-type: CBS 141771 = DTO 241-G7 = IBT 34446. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Aspergillus. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT670916; BenA = LT670990; CaM = LT670991; RPB2 = LT670992.

Aspergillus affinis Davolos et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 62: 1014. 2012. [MB 517245]. — Typus: ATCC MYA-4773. Ex-type: CBS 129190 = IBT 32310 = ATCC MYA-4773 = DTO 223-C6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431360; BenA = GU721092; CaM = GU721091; RPB2 = MN969063.

Aspergillus aflatoxiformans Frisvad et al., Stud. Mycol. 93: 32. 2018. [MB 823770]. — Typus: CBS H-23361. Ex-type: CBS 143679 = DTO 228-G2 = IBT 32085. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG662388; BenA = MG517706; CaM = MG518076; RPB2 = MG517897.

Aspergillus alabamensis Balajee et al., Eukaryot. Cell 8: 720. 2009. [MB 543648]. — Typus: UAB20. Ex-type: CBS 125693 = UAB 20 = DTO 045-C5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP987071; BenA = KP987049; CaM = EU147583; RPB2 = KP987018.

Aspergillus albicolor D.S. Paiva, Fungal Syst. Evol. 15: 59. 2024. [MB 852923]. — Typus: MUM-H 24.01. Ex-type: MUM 24.01. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Salinarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP151455; BenA = PP453618; CaM = PP453636; RPB2 = PP453624.

Aspergillus alboluteus F. Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 99 (no. 100120): 19. 2021. [MB 839382]. — Typus: PRM 952200. Ex-type: CBS 145855 = EMSL 2420 = CCF 5695 = IFM 66815. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Spelaei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW448663; BenA = MW478497; CaM = MW478511; RPB2 = MW478532.

Aspergillus alboviridis J.P.Z. Siqueira et al., Stud. Mycol. 99 (no. 100120): 19. 2021. [MB 821808]. — Typus: CBS H-23128. Ex-type: CBS 142665 = FMR 15175 = CCF 6049 = IFM 66819. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Spelaei. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT798909; BenA = LT798936; CaM = LT798937; RPB2 = LT798938.

Aspergillus allahabadii B.S. Mehrotra & Agnihotri, Mycologia 54: 400. 1963. [MB 326609]. — Typus: CBS H-6736. Ex-type: CBS 164.63 = CCF 5132 = NRRL 4539 = ATCC 15055 = IMI 139273 = MUCL 13571 = WB 4539. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Nivei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669601; BenA = EF669531; CaM = EF669559; RPB2 = EF669643.

Aspergillus alliaceus Thom & Church, Aspergilli: 163. 1926. [MB 256402]. — Typus: CBS H-7812. Ex-type: CBS 536.65 = NRRL 315 = ATCC 10060 = DSM 813 = IFO 7538 = IMI 51982 = IMI 051982ii = QM 1885 = WB 315 = DTO 034-B3 = DTO 046-B1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Alliacei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661551; BenA = EF661465; CaM = EF661534; RPB2 = MG517825. Genome: GCF_009176365.

Aspergillus allportiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 24: 5. 2023. [MB 901440]. — Typus: MST-F22286. Ex-type: MST-F22286. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR731307; BenA = OR737774; CaM = OR737764; RPB2 = OR737769.

Aspergillus alvaroi J.M.S. Lima et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 14: 99. 2024. [MB 851901]. — Typus: URM 95547. Ex-type: URM 8660. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Ambigui. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP034171; BenA = PP150741; CaM = PP150749; RPB2 = PP187788.

Aspergillus amazonicus D. Mares, Curr. Microbiol. 57: 228. 2008. [MB 531888]. — Typus: E19D. Ex-type: CBS 124228. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Sparsi ser. Conjuncti. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431399; BenA = FJ943939; CaM = FJ943936; RPB2 = KU866979.

Aspergillus ambiguus Sappa, Allionia 2: 254. 1955. [MB 292834]. — Typus: CBS H-6737. Ex-type: CBS 117.58 = NRRL 4737 = ATCC 16827 = IMI 139274 = QM 8155 = WB 4737. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Ambigui. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669606; BenA = EF669534; CaM = EF669564; RPB2 = EF669648. Genome: GCA_047715705.

Aspergillus amethystinus F. Sklenar et al., Mycologia 112: 355. 2020. [MB 832712]. — Typus: PRM 951579. Ex-type: NRRL 4178 = CCF 5261. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652462; BenA = EF652286; CaM = EF652374; RPB2 = EF652198.

Aspergillus angustatus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 41. 2016. [MB 816090]. — Typus: CBS H-22487. Ex-type: CBS 273.65 = DTO 319-H8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU448283; BenA = AY339993; CaM = EU443984; RPB2 = KU867013.

Aspergillus annui J.J. Silva et al., Stud. Mycol. 107: 16. 2024. [MB 849336]. — Typus: IBT 36122. Ex-type: IBT 36122 = 365-IT-PPK. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Annuorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP691228; BenA = ON529842; CaM = ON529841; RPB2 = ON529843. Genome: GCA_047496425.

Aspergillus anthodesmis Bartoli & Maggi, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 71: 38. 1979. [MB 309207]. — Typus: RO 103 S. Ex-type: CBS 552.77 = NRRL 22884 = IMI 223070. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Sparsi ser. Conjuncti. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491662; BenA = EF661108; CaM = FJ491648; RPB2 = EF661039.

Aspergillus appendiculatus Blaser, Sydowia 28: 38. 1975. [MB 309209]. — Typus: ZT 8286. Ex-type: CBS 374.75 = CCF 4108 = ETH8286 = IMI 278374 = KACC 45268 = DTO 196-H3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = HE615132; BenA = HE801333; CaM = HE801318; RPB2 = HE801307.

Aspergillus arachidicola Pildain et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 58: 730. 2008. [MB 505189]. — Typus: CBS H-24274. Ex-type: CBS 117610 = IBT 117610 = IBT 25020 = DTO 009-G3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF668184; BenA = EF203158; CaM = EF202049; RPB2 = MG517802. Genome: GCA_002749805.

Aspergillus arcoverdensis Y. Horie et al., Mycoscience 56: 130. 2015. [MB 804028]. — Typus: CBM FA-39845. Ex-type: CBS 139187 = CCF 4900 = IFM 61334 = JCM 19878. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431385; BenA = AB818845; CaM = AB818856; RPB2 = MN969103.

Aspergillus ardalensis A. Nováková et al., Mycologia 107: 179. 2014. [MB 808140]. — Typus: PRM 923450. Ex-type: CCF 4031 = CCF 4426 = CMF ISB 1688 = CBS 134372 = NRRL 62824. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Flavipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = FR733808; BenA = HG916683; CaM = HG916725; RPB2 = HG916704.

Aspergillus arenarioides Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 110. 2014. [MB 809195]. — Typus: CBS H-21812. Ex-type: CBS 138200 = CCF 4928 = DTO 268E3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Petersoniorum ser. Petersoniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775562; BenA = KJ775091; CaM = KJ775390; RPB2 = LN849430.

Aspergillus arizonicus Jurjević et al., Persoonia 47: 273. 2021. [MB 841359]. — Typus: PRM 954611. Ex-type: CCF 5341 = CBS 148476 = IFM 66805 = EMSL 2204. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = OK322364; BenA = OK334128; CaM = OK334127; RPB2 = OK334129.

Aspergillus arxii (Fort & Guarro) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 154. 2014. [MB 809575]. — Typus: CBS H-14047. Ex-type: CBS 525.83 = ATCC 52744 = FMR 416. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Arxiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431361; BenA = MN969365; CaM = MN969223; RPB2 = JN121529.

Aspergillus asclerogenus Jurjević & Hubka, Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 2451. 2015. [MB 814441]. — Typus: PRM 933843. Ex-type: CCF 4947 = NRRL 58502. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Petersoniorum ser. Petersoniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LN849392; BenA = LN849406; CaM = LN849421; RPB2 = LN849437.

Aspergillus askiburgiensis A. Nováková et al., Plant Syst. Evol. 302: 1285. 2016. [MB 816280]. — Typus: PRM 924055. Ex-type: CBS 134374 = CCF 4716 = CCF 4428 = NRRL 62818 = IBT 33114 = IBT 32911. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Speluncei. DNA barcodes: ITS = LN873939; BenA = LN873952; CaM = LN873965; RPB2 = LN873984.

Aspergillus aspearensis Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 93: 32. 2018. [MB 823771]. — Typus: CBS H-23358. Ex-type: CBS 143672 = IBT 32590 = IBT 34544 = DTO 203-D9 = CCTU 758. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Leporum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG662398; BenA = MG517669; CaM = MG518040; RPB2 = MG517857. Genome: GCA_044706995.

Aspergillus asper Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 66: 2567. 2016. [MB 814412]. — Typus: BPI 893218. Ex-type: CBS 140842 = NRRL 35910 = CCF 5174. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT698840; BenA = KT698838; CaM = KT698839; RPB2 = KT698842.

Aspergillus asperescens Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 20: 303. 1954. [MB 292835]. — Typus: IMI 46813. Ex-type: CBS 110.51 = NRRL 2252 = NRRL 4770 = ATCC 11079 = DSM 871 = IMI 46813 = QM 1946 = WB 2252 = WB 4770 = WB 5038. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Speluncei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652475; BenA = EF652299; CaM = EF652387; RPB2 = EF652211. Genome: GCA_027569075.

Aspergillus assiutensis Moub. & Soliman, J. Basic Appl. Mycol. 2: 84. 2011. [MB 584202]. — Typus: AUMC 5748. Ex-type: CBS 132773 = AUMC 5748. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN393254; BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Aspergillus assulatus (S.B. Hong, Frisvad & Samson) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 154. 2014. [MB 809576]. — Typus: KACC 41691. Ex-type: IBT 27911. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = HF545007; BenA = DQ114123; CaM = PV181336; RPB2 = HF545311.

Aspergillus astellatus (Fennell & Raper) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 154. 2014. [MB 809577]. — Typus: IMI 061455. Ex-type: CBS 134.55 = CBS 261.93 = NRRL 2396 = ATCC 16817 = IMI 61455 = IMI 61455ii = NRRL A-1634 = QM 1910 = WB 2396. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652446; BenA = EF652270; CaM = EF652358; RPB2 = EF652182.

Aspergillus atacamensis Zalar et al., Extremophiles 21: 766. 2017. [MB 818565]. — Typus: CBS H-23062. Ex-type: CBS 142046 = DTO 411-B9 = EXF-6660. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Kalimarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX900619; BenA = MN969415; CaM = MN969325; RPB2 = MN969192.

Aspergillus aurantiacoflavus Hubka et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 82. 2017. [MB 818732]. — Typus: CBS H-22827. Ex-type: CBS 141930 = CCF 5393 = DTO 355-I1 = IBT 34485 = EMSL No.2903. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Aspergillus. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT670917; BenA = LT670993; CaM = LT670994; RPB2 = LT670995.

Aspergillus aurantiobrunneus (G.A. Atkins, Hindson & A.B. Russell) Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 511. 1965. [MB 326612]. — Typus: IMI 74897. Ex-type: CBS 465.65 = CCF 5259 = NRRL 4545 = NRRL 2775 = ATCC 16821 = IMI 074897. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Aurantiobrunnei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652465; BenA = EF652289; CaM = EF652377; RPB2 = EF652201. Genome: GCA_047715765.

Aspergillus aurantiopurpureus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 46. 2016. [MB 816087]. — Typus: CBS H-22488. Ex-type: CBS 140608 = IBT 12601 = DTO 060-A7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866588; BenA = KU866824; CaM = KU866711; RPB2 = KU866966.

Aspergillus auratus Warcup, Gen. Aspergillus: 263. 1965. [MB 326613]. — Typus: IMI 75886. Ex-type: CBS 466.65 = NRRL 4378 = ATCC 16894 = IFO 8783 = IMI 75886 = QM 7861 = WB 4378. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669979; BenA = EF669835; CaM = EF669905; RPB2 = EF669766.

Aspergillus aureolatus Munt.-Cvetk. & Bata, Bull. Inst. Jard. Bot. Univ. Beograd 1: 196. 1964. [MB 326614]. — Typus: CBS H-6738. Ex-type: CBS 190.65 = NRRL 5126 = ATCC 16810 = IMI 136527 = IMI 136527ii = WB 5126. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Speluncei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652501; BenA = EF652325; CaM = EF652413; RPB2 = EF652237.

Aspergillus aureolus Fennell & Raper, Mycologia 47: 71. 1955. [MB 292836]. — Typus: CBS 105.55. Ex-type: CBS 105.55 = CCF 4644 = NRRL 2244 = ATCC 16896 = IFO 8105 = IMI 61451 = IMI 061451ii = MUCL 13579 = QM 1906 = WB 2244. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669950; BenA = EF669808; CaM = EF669877; RPB2 = EF669738.

Aspergillus aureoterreus Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 45. 2011. [MB 560392]. — Typus: CBS H-24275. Ex-type: CBS 503.65 = NRRL 1923 = ATCC 16793 = IFO 30536 = IMI 82431 = MUCL 38644 = QM 7472 = VKM F-2035 = WB 1923. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669580; BenA = EF669524; CaM = EF669538; RPB2 = EF669622.

Aspergillus auricomus (Guég.) Saito, J. Ferment. Technol. 17: 3. 1939. [MB 119950]. — Typus: CBS H-9173. Ex-type: CBS 467.65 = NRRL 391 = IBT 14581 = ATCC 16890 = IMI 172277 = LCP 89.2596 = LSHBA 41 = WB 391. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661411; BenA = EF661320; CaM = EF661379; RPB2 = EF661300.

Aspergillus australiensis [as ‘australensis’] (Samson, S.B. Hong & Varga) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 154. 2014. [MB 821660]. — Typus: CBS 112.55. Ex-type: CBS 112.55 = NRRL 2392 = IMI 061450 = DTO 026-H3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669953; BenA = EF669811; CaM = EF669880; RPB2 = EF669741.

Aspergillus austwickii Frisvad et al., Stud. Mycol. 93: 38. 2018. [MB 823772]. — Typus: CBS H-23360. Ex-type: CBS 143677 = DTO 228-F7 = IBT 32076 = IBT 32590. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG662391; BenA = MG517702; CaM = MG518072; RPB2 = MG517893.

Aspergillus avenaceus G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 26: 24. 1943. [MB 284296]. — Typus: CBS H-6739. Ex-type: CBS 109.46 = NRRL 517 = ATCC 16861 = IMI 16140 = LCP 89.2592 = LSHBB B 155 = QM 6741 = WB 517. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Avenacei. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF104446; BenA = FJ491481; CaM = FJ491496; RPB2 = JN121424.

Aspergillus baarnensis Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 154. 2014. [MB 809579]. — Typus: CBS H-24276. Ex-type: CBS 232.32 = VKM F-204. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Salinarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980621; BenA = KY980549; CaM = KY980585; RPB2 = JN121509.

Aspergillus baeticus A. Nováková & Hubka, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 62: 2783. 2012. [MB 564188]. — Typus: PRM 860609. Ex-type: NRRL 62501 = CCF 4226 = CMFISB 2153. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Usti. DNA barcodes: ITS = HE615086; BenA = HE615092; CaM = HE615117; RPB2 = HE615124. Genome: GCA_027569055.

Aspergillus banksianus Pitt, Persoonia 44: 355. 2020. [MB 835223]. — Typus: DAR 85042. Ex-type: FRR 6047 = MST-FP2248. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Brevipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH280013; BenA = MT184780; CaM = MT184786; RPB2 = MT184792.

Aspergillus barbosae A.C.R. Barros-Correia et al., Mycol. Prog. 19: 892. 2020. [MB 830077]. — Typus: URM 93046. Ex-type: CBS 145863 = URM 5930. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Nivei. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR536042; BenA = LR031377; CaM = LR031392; RPB2 = LR031407.

Aspergillus bertholletiae [as ‘bertholletius’] Taniwaki et al., PLoS ONE 7 (e42480): 6. 2012. [MB 622229]. — Typus: CCT 7615. Ex-type: ITAL 270/06 = DTO 223-D3 = IBT 29228. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Bertholletiarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX198673; BenA = MG517689; CaM = MN969224; RPB2 = MG517880. Genome: GCA_009193595.

Aspergillus bezerrae J.P. Andrade et al., Persoonia 42: 379. 2019. [MB 830186]. — Typus: HURB 22323. Ex-type: CCDCA 11511 = 9EM2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = MK597913; CaM = MK597915; RPB2 = n.a.

Aspergillus bicephalus J.P.Z. Siqueira et al., Persoonia 37: 283. 2016. [MB 818290]. — Typus: CBS H-22807. Ex-type: CBS 142900 = CCF 5923 = FMR 14918. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Nivei. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT601380; BenA = LT601381; CaM = LT601382; RPB2 = LT601383.

Aspergillus bicolor M. Chr. & States, Mycologia 70: 337. 1978. [MB 309212]. — Typus: NY RMF 2058. Ex-type: CBS 425.77 = NRRL 6364 = ATCC 36104 = IMI 216612. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652511; BenA = EF652335; CaM = EF652423; RPB2 = EF652247.

Aspergillus biplanus Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 434. 1965. [MB 326615]. — Typus: IMI 235602. Ex-type: CBS 468.65 = NRRL 5071 = ATCC 16858 = IMI 235602 = QM 8873 = WB 5071. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Sparsi ser. Biplani. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661210; BenA = EF661116; CaM = EF661130; RPB2 = EF661036. Genome: GCA_027569045.

Aspergillus bisporus Kwon-Chung & Fennell, Mycologia 63: 479. 1971. [MB 309213]. — Typus: NRRL 3693. Ex-type: CBS 707.71 = NRRL 3693 = ATCC 22527 = IMI 350350 = NRRL A-17271 = QM 9700. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Bispori ser. Bispori. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661208; BenA = EF661121; CaM = EF661139; RPB2 = EF661077.

Aspergillus botswanensis A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 49. 2016. [MB 816095]. — Typus: CBS H-22494. Ex-type: CBS 314.89 = DTO 047-I4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866572; BenA = KU866812; CaM = KU866695; RPB2 = KU866949.

Aspergillus brasiliensis Varga et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 57: 1929. 2007. [MB 510581]. — Typus: CBS 101740. Ex-type: CBS 101740 = IMI 381727 = IBT 101740. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Nigri. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ629321; BenA = FJ629272; CaM = FN594543; RPB2 = EF661063. Genome: GCA_001889945.

Aspergillus brevijanus S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 100: 217. 2008. [MB 506751]. — Typus: IMI 16066. Ex-type: CBS 111.46 = CCF 4546 = NRRL 1935 = ATCC 16828 = CBS 119.45 = IMI 016066ii = IMI 16066 = NCTC 6971 = QM 7417 = WB 1935. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Janorum ser. Janorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669582; BenA = EU014078; CaM = EF669540; RPB2 = EF669624.

Aspergillus brevipes G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 35: 241. 1952. [MB 292837]. — Typus: IMI 51494. Ex-type: CBS 118.53 = NRRL 2439 = NRRL 4078 = NRRL 4772 = NRRL A-5521 = ATCC 16899 = IFO 5821 = IMI 51494 = LSHBB B 263 = LSHBSm 242 = QM 1948 = WB 4078 = WB 4224 = WB 4772. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Brevipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669954; BenA = EF669812; CaM = EF669881; RPB2 = EF669742.

Aspergillus brevistipitatus A. Nováková & Hubka, Fungal Diversity 64: 260. 2014. [MB 803934]. — Typus: PRM 860543. Ex-type: CBS 135454 = CCF 4149 = CMF ISB 2152 = NRRL 62500 = IFM 60858 = DTO 311-F5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = HF937386; BenA = HF933364; CaM = HF933388; RPB2 = HF937380.

Aspergillus bridgeri M. Chr., Mycologia 74: 210. 1982. [MB 110494]. — Typus: NY JB 26-1-2. Ex-type: CBS 350.81 = NRRL 13000 = IBT 13380 = ATCC 44562 = IMI 259098. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661404; BenA = EF661335; CaM = EF661358; RPB2 = EF661290. Genome: GCA_027569665.

Aspergillus brunneouniseriatus Suj. Singh & B.K. Bakshi, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 44: 160. 1961. [MB 326616]. — Typus: IMI 227677. Ex-type: CBS 127.61 = NRRL 4273 = ATCC 16916 = IFO 6993 = IMI 227677 = QM 6990 = WB 4273. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Brunneouniseriati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652141; BenA = EF652123; CaM = EF652138; RPB2 = EF652089.

Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus Bat. & H. Maia, Anais Soc. Biol. Pernambuco 13: 91. 1955. [MB 292838]. — Typus: IMI 312981. Ex-type: CBS 621.78 = NRRL 4912 = IMI 312981 = WB 4912. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = AJ280003; BenA = EF661105; CaM = EF661147; RPB2 = EF661045. Genome: GCF_003184695.

Aspergillus brunneus Delacr., Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 9: 185. 1893. [MB 204832]. — Typus: IMI 211378. Ex-type: CBS 112.26 = CBS 524.65 = CCF 5587 = NRRL 131 = NRRL 134 = ATCC 1021 = IFO 5862 = IMI 211378 = QM 7406 = Thom 4481 = Thom 5633.4 = WB 131. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Aspergillus. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652060; BenA = EF651907; CaM = EF651998; RPB2 = EF651939.

Aspergillus caatingaensis Y. Horie et al., Mycoscience 55: 84. 2014. [MB 801323]. — Typus: IFM 61335H. Ex-type: IFM 61335 = CBS 137446 = CCF 4689 = DTO 278-B3 = DTO 316-F8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431362; BenA = AB743854; CaM = AB743860; RPB2 = MN969064.

Aspergillus caelatus B.W. Horn, Mycotaxon 61: 186. 1997. [MB 436955]. — Typus: BPI 737601. Ex-type: CBS 763.97 = CCF 3087 = NRRL 25528 = ATCC 201128 = DTO 046-A8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Kitamyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF004930; BenA = EF661470; CaM = EF661522; RPB2 = EF661436. Genome: GCF_009193585.

Aspergillus caesiellus Saito, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 18: 49. 1904. [MB 205025]. — Typus: IMI 172278. Ex-type: CBS 470.65 = CCF 5447 = NRRL 5061 = ATCC 11905 = IFO 4882 = IMI 172278 = WB 5061. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Restricti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652044; BenA = EF651884; CaM = EF652030; RPB2 = EF651981.

Aspergillus caespitosus Raper & Thom, Mycologia 36: 563. 1944. [MB 284298]. — Typus: IMI 16034ii. Ex-type: CBS 103.45 = NRRL 1929 = ATCC 11256 = IMI 16034 = MUCL 13587 = NCTC 6972 = NCTC 6973 = QM 7399 = WB 1929. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652428; BenA = EF652252; CaM = EF652340; RPB2 = EF652164.

Aspergillus calidoustus Varga et al., Eukaryot. Cell 7: 636. 2008. [MB 504846]. — Typus: CBS H-24277. Ex-type: CBS 121601. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = HE616558; BenA = FJ624456; CaM = HE616559; RPB2 = MN969061.

Aspergillus californicus Frisvad et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 91. 2011. [MB 560400]. — Typus: CBS H-20635. Ex-type: CBS 123895 = IBT 16748 = DTO 061-D4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Cavernicolarum ser. Cavernicolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ531153; BenA = FJ531180; CaM = FJ531128; RPB2 = MN969065. Genome: GCA_045785085.

Aspergillus campestris M. Chr., Mycologia 74: 212. 1982. [MB 110495]. — Typus: NY ST 2-3-1. Ex-type: CBS 348.81 = NRRL 13001 = IBT 13382 = IBT 28561 = IMI 259009 = ATCC 44563 = IFM 50931 = CCF 5596. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi ser. Candidi. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669577; BenA = EU014091; CaM = EF669535; RPB2 = EF669619. Genome: GCF_002847485.

Aspergillus canadensis Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 187. 2017. [MB 818935]. — Typus: DAOM 740109. Ex-type: CCF 5548 = KAS 6194 = DTO 356-H9 = IBT 34520 = IBT 34642 = NRRL 66614. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Penicillioides. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087667; BenA = KY117731; CaM = KY068215; RPB2 = KY117909.

Aspergillus candidus Link, Mag. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 16. 1809. [MB 204868]. — Typus: CBS 566.65. Ex-type: CBS 566.65 = NRRL 303 = ATCC 1002 = IMI 16264 = IMI 91889 = IBT 28566 = CCF 5594 = LSHBA c.27 = NCTC 595 = QM 1995 = Thom 106 = WB 303. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi ser. Candidi. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669592; BenA = EU014089; CaM = EF669550; RPB2 = EF669634.

Aspergillus caninus (Sigler, Deanna A. Sutton, Gibas, Summerb. & Iwen) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 154. 2014. [MB 809580]. — Typus: UAMH 10337. Ex-type: CBS 128032 = UAMH 10337 = DTO 139-A6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Canini. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980618; BenA = KY980546; CaM = KY980582; RPB2 = JN121445.

Aspergillus caperatus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 85. 2017. [MB 818733]. — Typus: CBS H-22825. Ex-type: CBS 141774 = DTO 337-E6 = IBT 34451. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Chevalierorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT670922; BenA = LT671008; CaM = LT671009; RPB2 = LT671010.

Aspergillus capibaribensis M.T.C. Felipe et al., Phytotaxa 666: 126. 2024. [MB 849455]. — Typus: HURM 95350. Ex-type: URM 3883. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Wentiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR034281; BenA = OR037107; CaM = OR137579; RPB2 = OR137581.

Aspergillus carbonarius (Bainier) Thom, J. Agric. Res. 7: 12. 1916. [MB 100545]. — Typus: CBS 556.65. Ex-type: CBS 111.26 = CCF 5600 = NRRL 369 = ATCC 1025 = IMI 16136 = LSHBA c11 = NCTC 1325 = NRRL 1987 = QM 331 = Thom 4030.1 = WB 369. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Carbonarii. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661204; BenA = EF661099; CaM = EF661167; RPB2 = EF661068.

Aspergillus carlsbadensis Frisvad et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 92. 2011. [MB 560399]. — Typus: CBS H-30634. Ex-type: CBS 123894 = IBT 14493. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ531151; BenA = FJ531179; CaM = FJ531126; RPB2 = MN969066. Genome: GCA_025688815.

Aspergillus carneus Blochwitz, Ann. Mycol. 31: 81. 1933. [MB 259903]. — Typus: IMI 1358818. Ex-type: CBS 494.65 = CCF 4892 = NRRL 527 = ATCC 16798 = IMI 135818 = QM 7401 = Thom 5740.4 = WB 527. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Nivei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669611; BenA = EF669529; CaM = EF669569; RPB2 = EF669653.

Aspergillus cavernicola Lörinczi, Contrt. Bot. Cluj: 341. 1969. [MB 326617]. — Typus: CBS 117.76. Ex-type: CBS 117.76 = NRRL 6327. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Cavernicolarum ser. Cavernicolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652508; BenA = EF652332; CaM = EF652420; RPB2 = EF652244. Genome: GCA_027569065.

Aspergillus cejpii (Milko) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 809582]. — Typus: CBS H-7011. Ex-type: CBS 157.66. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Vargarum ser. Vargarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431363; BenA = EU076314; CaM = MN969226; RPB2 = JN121447.

Aspergillus cerealis Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 93: 43. 2018. [MB 823773]. — Typus: CBS H-23359. Ex-type: CBS 143674 = DTO 228-E7 = IBT 32067. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG662394; BenA = MG517693; CaM = MG518063; RPB2 = MG517884.

Aspergillus cervinus Massee, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 158. 1914. [MB 211549]. — Typus: WIS WISC WT 540. Ex-type: CBS 537.65 = NRRL 5025 = ATCC 16915 = IMI 126542 = QM 8875 = WB 5025. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Cervini. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661268; BenA = EF661251; CaM = EF661261; RPB2 = EF661229.

Aspergillus chaetosartoryae Hubka et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 86. 2020. [MB 832557]. — Typus: QM 8944. Ex-type: CBS 265.73 = ATCC 24480 = IMI 171880 = NRRL 5501. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Cremei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652144; BenA = EF652117; CaM = EF652129; RPB2 = EF652099.

Aspergillus chevalieri (L. Mangin) Thom & Church, Aspergilli: 111. 1926. [MB 292839]. — Typus: IMI 211382. Ex-type: CBS 522.65 = NRRL 78 = ATCC 16443 = IMI 211382 = NRRL A-7803 = Thom 4125.3 = WB 78. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Chevalierorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652068; BenA = EF651911; CaM = EF652002; RPB2 = EF651954.

Aspergillus chlamydosporus (Gené & Guarro) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 809584]. — Typus: IMI 387422. Ex-type: CBS 109945 = IMI 387422 = FMR 7371 = DTO 138-C2 = UAMH 10961. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Canini. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980617; BenA = KY980545; CaM = MN969227; RPB2 = JN121425.

Aspergillus christenseniae A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 85: 75. 2016. [MB 817724]. — Typus: CBS H-9217. Ex-type: CBS 122.56 = DTO 022-C8 = IBT 22043 = IBT 23735 = IMI 343732 = NRRL 4897 = WB 4897. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Cervini. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491613; BenA = FJ491639; CaM = FJ491608; RPB2 = EF661235.

Aspergillus chrysellus Kwon-Chung & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 424. 1965. [MB 326618]. — Typus: IMI 238612. Ex-type: CBS 472.65 = NRRL 5084 = ATCC 16852 = IMI 238612 = IMI 238612ii = QM 8876 = WB 5084. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Wentiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652155; BenA = EF652109; CaM = EF652136; RPB2 = EF652090.

Aspergillus cibarius S.B. Hong & Samson, J. Microbiol. 50: 713. 2012. [MB 800861]. — Typus: KACC 46346. Ex-type: KACC 46346 = CCF 4783 = DTO 197-D3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Cibarii. DNA barcodes: ITS = JQ918177; BenA = JQ918180; CaM = JQ918183; RPB2 = JQ918186.

Aspergillus citocrescens Hubka et al., Persoonia 35: 311. 2016. [MB 814680]. — Typus: PRM 934413. Ex-type: CCF 4001 = CBS 140566 = DTO 376-B3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Brunneouniseriati. DNA barcodes: ITS = FR727121; BenA = FR775317; CaM = LN878969; RPB2 = MN969163.

Aspergillus citrinoterreus Guinea et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 53: 612. 2015. [MB 810584]. — Typus: CBS H-22005. Ex-type: CBS 138921 = GM 228 = DTO 331-H6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP175260; BenA = LN680657; CaM = LN680685; RPB2 = MN969155.

Aspergillus clavatonanicus Bat. et al., Anais Fac. Med. Univ. Recife 15: 197. 1955. [MB 292840]. — Typus: IMI 235352. Ex-type: CBS 474.65 = NRRL 4741 = ATCC 12413 = DMUR 532 = IMI 235352 = JCM 10183 = QM 7059 = WB 4741. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Clavati ser. Clavati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669986; BenA = EF669842; CaM = EU078672; RPB2 = EF669773.

Aspergillus clavatophorus Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 187. 2017. [MB 818936]. — Typus: PRM 944440. Ex-type: NRRL 25874 = CCF 5454 = IBT 34560 = IBT 34823 = DTO 356-D8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Penicillioides. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087772; BenA = KY117836; CaM = KY068323; RPB2 = KY118014.

Aspergillus clavatus Desm., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. 2: 71. 1834. [MB 211530]. — Typus: IMI 15949. Ex-type: CBS 513.65 = NRRL 1 = ATCC 1007 = ATCC 9598 = ATCC 9602 = CECT2674 = DSM 816 = IMI 15949 = LSHBA c.86 = LSHBA c.95 = MIT213 = NCTC 3887 = NCTC 9 = NCTC 978 = NRRL 1656 = QM 1276 = QM 7404 = Thom 107 = WB 1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Clavati ser. Clavati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669942; BenA = EF669802; CaM = EF669871; RPB2 = EF669730. Genome: GCF_000002715.

Aspergillus collinsii Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 66: 2570. 2016. [MB 814413]. — Typus: BPI 893219. Ex-type: CBS 140843 = NRRL 66196 = CCF 5175. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Deflecti. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT698845; BenA = KT698843; CaM = KT698844; RPB2 = KT698848.

Aspergillus coloradensis F. Sklenar et al., Mycologia 112: 357. 2020. [MB 832715]. — Typus: PRM 951699. Ex-type: CCF 6118 = EMSL No.2726 = NRRL 66888. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK713539; BenA = MK695646; CaM = MK695657; RPB2 = MK695668.

Aspergillus conicus Blochwitz, Ann. Mycol. 12: 38. 1914. [MB 120214]. — Typus: IMI 172281. Ex-type: CBS 475.65 = CCF 5456 = NRRL 149 = ATCC 16908 = IMI 172281 = QM 7405 = Thom 4733.701 = WB 149. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Restricti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652039; BenA = EF651881; CaM = EF652033; RPB2 = EF651975.

Aspergillus conjunctus Kwon-Chung & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 552. 1965. [MB 326620]. — Typus: IMI 135421. Ex-type: CBS 476.65 = NRRL 5080 = ATCC 16796 = IMI 135421 = QM 8878 = WB 5080. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Sparsi ser. Conjuncti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661179; BenA = EF661111; CaM = EF661133; RPB2 = EF661042. Genome: GCA_027569095.

Aspergillus contaminans Hubka et al., Persoonia 39: 285. 2017. [MB 821684]. — Typus: PRM 944503. Ex-type: CCF 4682 = CBS 142451 = NRRL 66666. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT594451; BenA = LT594443; CaM = LT594425; RPB2 = LT594434.

Aspergillus conversis Hubka & A. Nováková, Fungal Diversity 64: 262. 2014. [MB 803935]. — Typus: PRM 860541. Ex-type: CBS 135457 = NRRL 62496 = CCF 4190 = CMF ISB 2151 = IFM 60857. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = HF937385; BenA = HF933363; CaM = HF933387; RPB2 = HF937379.

Aspergillus coreanus S.B. Hong et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56: 485. 2006. [MB 521268]. — Typus: CBS 117059. Ex-type: CBS 117059 = NRRL 35590 = KACC 41659. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL711756; BenA = AY870758; CaM = AY870718; RPB2 = n.a.

Aspergillus coremiiformis Bartoli & Maggi, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 71: 386. 1979. [MB 309214]. — Typus: RO 102 S. Ex-type: CBS 553.77 = NRRL 13603 = ATCC 38576 = IMI 223069 = NRRL 13756. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Coremiiformes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661544; BenA = EU014104; CaM = EU014112; RPB2 = EU021623. Genome: GCA_009193565.

Aspergillus corrugatus Udagawa & Y. Horie, Mycotaxon 4: 535. 1976. [MB 309216]. — Typus: NHL 2763. Ex-type: CBS 191.77 = NHL 2763 = CBM-FA-73 = DTO 047-I9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866574; BenA = KU866814; CaM = MN969228; RPB2 = KU866951.

Aspergillus costiformis H.Z. Kong & Z.T. Qi, Acta Mycol. Sin. 14: 10. 1995. [MB 363444]. — Typus: HMAS 62766. Ex-type: CBS 101749 = CCF 4110 = AS 3.4664. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Chevalierorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = HE615136; BenA = HE801338; CaM = HE801320; RPB2 = HE801309.

Aspergillus creber Jurjević et al., IMA Fungus 3: 69. 2012. [MB 800598]. — Typus: BPI 800912. Ex-type: CBS 145749 = NRRL 58592 = DTO 225-G7 = IBT 32277. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Versicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = JQ301889; BenA = JN853980; CaM = JN854043; RPB2 = JN853832.

Aspergillus cremeus Kwon-Chung & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 418. 1965. [MB 326621]. — Typus: IMI 123749ii. Ex-type: CBS 477.65 = NRRL 5081 = ATCC 16857 = IMI 123749 = QM 8879 = QM 9191 = WB 5081. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Cremei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652149; BenA = EF652120; CaM = EF652125; RPB2 = EF652101.

Aspergillus cretensis Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 50: 33. 2004. [MB 500002]. — Typus: CBS H-13446. Ex-type: CBS 112802 = NRRL 35672 = IBT 17505. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491572; BenA = EF661332; CaM = FJ491534; RPB2 = EF661311.

Aspergillus cristatus Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 169. 1965. [MB 326622]. — Typus: IMI 172280. Ex-type: CBS 123.53 = CCF 5591 = NRRL 4222 = ATCC 16468 = IMI 172280 = MUCL 15644 = WB 4222. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Chevalierorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652078; BenA = EF651914; CaM = EF652001; RPB2 = EF651957.

Aspergillus croceiaffinis F. Sklenar et al., Mycologia 112: 359. 2020. [MB 832713]. — Typus: PRM 951576. Ex-type: CCF 6035 = EMSL No.2282 = NRRL 66887. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Unguium. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK713538; BenA = MK695645; CaM = MK695656; RPB2 = MK695667.

Aspergillus croceus Hubka et al., Plant Syst. Evol. 302: 1291. 2016. [MB 816281]. — Typus: PRM 924053. Ex-type: CBS 134396 = CCF 4405 = NRRL 62495 = IBT 33602. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Unguium. DNA barcodes: ITS = LN873931; BenA = LN873944; CaM = LN873957; RPB2 = LN873976.

Aspergillus crustosus Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 532. 1965. [MB 326623]. — Typus: IMI 135819. Ex-type: CBS 478.65 = CCF 5253 = NRRL 4988 = ATCC 16806 = IMI 135819 = NRRL A-3254 = QM 8910 = WB 4988. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652489; BenA = EF652313; CaM = EF652401; RPB2 = EF652225. Genome: GCA_048571495.

Aspergillus cumulatus D.H. Kim & S.B. Hong, J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 24: 335. 2014. [MB 807118]. — Typus: KACC 47316. Ex-type: KACC 47316. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF928303; BenA = KF928297; CaM = KF928300; RPB2 = KF928294.

Aspergillus cylindricus Zhi.Y. Zhang et al., MycoKeys 98: 175. 2023. [MB 844152]. — Typus: HMAS 351868. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20771 = GZUIFR 21.887. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Canini. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL896995; BenA = ON569030; CaM = ON568876; RPB2 = ON568952.

Aspergillus deflectus Fennell & Raper, Mycologia 47: 83. 1955. [MB 292841]. — Typus: IMI 61448. Ex-type: CBS 109.55 = NRRL 2206 = ATCC 16807 = IMI 61448 = NRRL A-2700A = QM 1904 = UC 4638 = WB 2206. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Deflecti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652437; BenA = EF652261; CaM = EF652349; RPB2 = EF652173.

Aspergillus delicatus H.Z. Kong, Mycotaxon 62: 429. 1997. [MB 437509]. — Typus: HMAS 71159. Ex-type: CBS 101754 = AS 3.4697 = DTO 050-E7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Thermomutati. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431364; BenA = DQ114124; CaM = DQ114132; RPB2 = MN969067.

Aspergillus denticulatus (Samson, S.B. Hong & Frisvad) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 809586]. — Typus: CBS 652.73. Ex-type: CBS 652.73 = KACC 41183. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fennelliarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431365; BenA = DQ114125; CaM = DQ114133; RPB2 = MN969068.

Aspergillus desertorum (Samson & Mouch) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 809587]. — Typus: CBS H-7045. Ex-type: CBS 653.73 = NRRL 5921 = IMI 343076. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652505; BenA = EF652329; CaM = EF652417; RPB2 = EF652241. Genome: GCA_047715865.

Aspergillus destruens Zalar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 191. 2017. [MB 818930]. — Typus: PRM 944428. Ex-type: NRRL 145 = IMI 358691 = CCF 5462 = CBS 593.91 = DTO 079-A8 = IBT 34818. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Restricti. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087748; BenA = KY117811; CaM = KY068298; RPB2 = KY117989.

Aspergillus dhakephalkarii Rajeshk. et al., Phytotaxa 695: 64. 2025. [MB 854231]. — Typus: AMH 10690. Ex-type: NFCCI 5750. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP741453; BenA = PP739067; CaM = PP739063; RPB2 = PP739059.

Aspergillus dimorphicus B.S. Mehrotra & R. Prasad, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 52: 331. 1969. [MB 326625]. — Typus: IMI 131553. Ex-type: CBS 649.74 = NRRL 3650 = IMI 131553 = QM 9190. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Wentiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652154; BenA = EF652111; CaM = EF652135; RPB2 = EF652096.

Aspergillus dipodomyus F. Sklenar et al., Mycologia 112: 360. 2020. [MB 832710]. — Typus: PRM 951565. Ex-type: CCF 5265 = NRRL 66273. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK713535; BenA = MK695642; CaM = MK695653; RPB2 = MK695664.

Aspergillus discophorus Samson et al., Mycologia 100: 787. 2008. [MB 507360]. — Typus: CBS H-19889. Ex-type: CBS 469.88 = IBT 21910 = IMI 328717 = DTO 011-B1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU448272; BenA = AY339999; CaM = EU443970; RPB2 = MN969069.

Aspergillus diversus Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 437. 1965. [MB 326626]. — Typus: IMI 232882. Ex-type: CBS 480.65 = NRRL 5074 = ATCC 16849 = IMI 232882 = QM 8882 = WB 5074. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Sparsi ser. Biplani. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661213; BenA = EF661114; CaM = EF661128; RPB2 = EF661034. Genome: GCA_027569885.

Aspergillus dobrogensis A. Nováková et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 68: 1004. 2018. [MB 821313]. — Typus: PRM 935751. Ex-type: CCF 4651 = CCF 4655 = NRRL 62821 = IBT 32697 = CBS 143370. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi ser. Candidi. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT626959; BenA = LT627027; CaM = LT558722; RPB2 = LT627028.

Aspergillus doliiformis Zhi.Y. Zhang et al., MycoKeys 98: 177. 2023. [MB 844153]. — Typus: HMAS 351867. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20772 = GZUIFR 21.885. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Canini. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL896998; BenA = ON569033; CaM = ON568879; RPB2 = ON568955.

Aspergillus domesticus Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 194. 2017. [MB 818931]. — Typus: PRM 944426. Ex-type: CCF 5464 = DTO 079-F2 = NRRL 66616 = IBT 34814. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Restricti. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087688; BenA = KY117752; CaM = KY068236; RPB2 = KY117928.

Aspergillus dromiae A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 57. 2016. [MB 816089]. — Typus: CBS H-22489. Ex-type: CBS 140633 = IBT 25166 = DTO 059-H5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866580; BenA = KU866885; CaM = KU866703; RPB2 = KU866958.

Aspergillus duricaulis Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 249. 1965. [MB 326627]. — Typus: IMI 172282. Ex-type: CBS 481.65 = CCF 5646 = NRRL 4021 = ATCC 16900 = IMI 172282 = IMI 367413 = NRRL A-5509 = QM 8884 = WB 4021. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Brevipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669971; BenA = EF669827; CaM = EF669897; RPB2 = EF669758.

Aspergillus eburneocremeus Sappa, Allionia 2: 87. 1954. [MB 292842]. — Typus: TMI 69856. Ex-type: CBS 130.54 = CCF 5256 = NRRL 4773 = ATCC 16802 = IMI 69856 = MUCL 13588 = QM 1949 = WB 4773. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652476; BenA = EF652300; CaM = EF652388; RPB2 = EF652212.

Aspergillus egyptiacus [as ‘aegyptiacus’] Moub. & Mustafa, Egypt. J. Bot. 15: 153. 1972. [MB 344341]. — Typus: IMI 141415. Ex-type: CBS 656.73 = NRRL 5920 = ATCC 32114 = IMI 141415. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Cavernicolarum ser. Egyptiaci. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652504; BenA = EF652328; CaM = EF652416; RPB2 = EF652240. Genome: GCA_025688805.

Aspergillus elegans Gasperini, Atti Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat. Pisa Mem. 8: 328. 1887. [MB 212852]. — Typus: CBS 102.14. Ex-type: CBS 102.14 = CBS 543.65 = NRRL 4850 = IBT 13505 = ATCC 13829 = ATCC 16886 = IFO 4286 = IMI 133962 = QM 8912 = QM 9373 = WB 4850. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Steyniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661414; BenA = EF661349; CaM = EF661390; RPB2 = EF661316.

Aspergillus ellipticus Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 319. 1965. [MB 326628]. — Typus: CBS 707.79. Ex-type: CBS 707.79 = IMI 278384 = CBS 482.65 = NRRL 5120 = ATCC 16876 = IHEM 4391 = IMI 172283 = MUCL 31303 = WB 5120. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Heteromorphi. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661194; BenA = AY585530; CaM = EF661170; RPB2 = EF661051. Genome: GCA_003184645.

Aspergillus elongatus J.N. Rai & S.C. Agarwal, Canad. J. Bot. 48: 791. 1970. [MB 309217]. — Typus: CBS 387.75. Ex-type: CBS 387.75 = NRRL 5176 = QM 9702 = WB 5495. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Deflecti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652502; BenA = EF652326; CaM = EF652414; RPB2 = EF652238.

Aspergillus elsenburgensis Visagie, Stud. Mycol. 95: 275. 2020. [MB 834199]. — Typus: PREM 62313. Ex-type: PPRI 2994 = CMV 011G4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450651; BenA = MK451215; CaM = MK451513; RPB2 = MK450804.

Aspergillus endophyticus Hubka et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 95. 2017. [MB 818734]. — Typus: CBS H-22819. Ex-type: CBS 141766 = DTO 354-I2 = CCF 5345 = IBT 34511. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Aspergillus. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT670941; BenA = LT671067; CaM = LT671068; RPB2 = LT671069.

Aspergillus eucalypticola Varga et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 9. 2011. [MB 560387]. — Typus: CBS H-20627. Ex-type: CBS 122712 = IBT 29274. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Nigri. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL711732; BenA = EU482435; CaM = EU482433; RPB2 = GCF003184535. Genome: GCF_003184535.

Aspergillus europaeus Hubka et al., Plant Syst. Evol. 302: 645. 2016. [MB 815574]. — Typus: PRM 933832. Ex-type: CBS 134393 = CCF 4409 = IBT 32228 = NRRL 66252 = CFF 4409. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Wentiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LN908996; BenA = LN909006; CaM = LN909007; RPB2 = LT548274.

Aspergillus falconensis Y. Horie et al., Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 30: 257. 1989. [MB 127891]. — Typus: CBM 10001. Ex-type: CBS 271.91 = IFM 4997 = NHL 2999 = ATCC 76117. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866575; BenA = KU866815; CaM = KU866697; RPB2 = KU866952. Genome: GCA_047715845.

Aspergillus felis Barrs et al., PLoS ONE 8 (e64871): 8. 2013. [MB 560382]. — Typus: CBS H-21125. Ex-type: CBS 130245 = CCF 5620. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431358; BenA = MN969363; CaM = JX021715; RPB2 = MN969062.

Aspergillus fennelliae Kwon-Chung & S.J. Kim, Mycologia 66: 629. 1974. [MB 309218]. — Typus: IMI 278382. Ex-type: CBS 598.74 = NRRL 5534 = ATCC 24325 = IMI 278382 = PIL605 = QM 9952 = DTO 046-E8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fennelliarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669994; BenA = AF057320; CaM = EF669920; RPB2 = EF669781.

Aspergillus fischeri Wehmer, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 18: 390. 1907. [MB 202877]. — Typus: IMI 21139ii. Ex-type: CBS 544.65 = NRRL 181 = ATCC 1020 = DSM 3700 = IMI 211391 = QM 1983 = Thom 4651.2 = WB 181. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669936; BenA = EF669796; CaM = EF669865; RPB2 = EF669724.

Aspergillus flaschentraegeri Stolk, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 47: 123. 1964. [MB 326629]. — Typus: CBS 108.63. Ex-type: CBS 108.63 = NRRL 5042 = ATCC 15535 = IMI 101651 = QM 8889 = WB 5042. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Wentiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652150; BenA = EF652113; CaM = EF652130; RPB2 = EF652102.

Aspergillus flavipes (Bainier & Sartory) Thom & Church, Aspergilli: 155. 1926. [MB 265045]. — Typus: IMI 171885. Ex-type: NRRL 302 = CCF 3067 = ATCC 24487 = IMI 171885 = QM 9566 = Thom 4640.474 = WB 302. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Flavipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669591; BenA = EU014085; CaM = EF669549; RPB2 = EF669633.

Aspergillus flavus Link, Mag. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 16. 1809. [MB 209842]. — Typus: IMI 124930. Ex-type: CBS 569.65 = CCF 3056 = NRRL 1957 = ATCC 16883 = IMI 124930 = QM 9947 = WB 1957. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF027863; BenA = EF661485; CaM = EF661508; RPB2 = EF661440.

Aspergillus floccosus (Y.K. Shih) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 45. 2011. [MB 560393]. — Typus: CBS H-24278. Ex-type: CBS 116.37 = IBT 10846 = IBT 22556 = WB 4872 = DTO 067-B7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP987086; BenA = FJ491714; CaM = FJ531219; RPB2 = KP987021. Genome: GCA_048565125.

Aspergillus floridensis Jurjevi ć et al., IMA Fungus 3: 169. 2012. [MB 802363]. — Typus: BPI 883907. Ex-type: NRRL 62478 = ITEM 14783 = DTO 198-A8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431366; BenA = HE984412; CaM = HE984429; RPB2 = HE984376.

Aspergillus foeniculicola Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 20: 13. 1979. [MB 309220]. — Typus: NHL 2777. Ex-type: CBS 156.80 = ATCC 42155 = IMI 334933 = LCP 84.2560 = NHL 2777. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU448274; BenA = EU443990; CaM = EU443968; RPB2 = MN969071.

Aspergillus foveolatus Y. Horie, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 19: 313. 1978. [MB 309221]. — Typus: IFM 4547. Ex-type: CBS 279.81 = IFM 4547 = NHL 2839 = NBRC 30559 = IFO 30559. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX423658; BenA = KX423622; CaM = MN969229; RPB2 = KU867034. Genome: GCA_047715535.

Aspergillus frankstonensis Talbot et al., PLoS ONE 12 (e0181660): 8. 2017. [MB 819986]. — Typus: CBS-H-22969. Ex-type: CBS 142233 = IBT 34172 = DTO 341-E7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY808756; BenA = KY808594; CaM = KY808724; RPB2 = KY808948.

Aspergillus fresenii Subram., Hyphomycetes: 552. 1971. [MB 309222]. — Typus: IMI 211397. Ex-type: CBS 550.65 = NRRL 4077 = ATCC 16893 = IMI 211397 = NRRL A-5355 = NRRL A-5520 = WB 4077. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661409; BenA = EF661341; CaM = EF661382; RPB2 = EF661296.

Aspergillus fruticulosus Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 506. 1965. [MB 326630]. — Typus: IMI 139279. Ex-type: CBS 486.65 = CCF 5264 = NRRL 4903 = ATCC 16823 = IMI 139279 = O-1077 = QM 8033 = WB 4903. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652483; BenA = EF652307; CaM = EF652395; RPB2 = EF652219.

Aspergillus fumigatiaffinis S.B. Hong et al., Mycologia 97: 1326. 2006. [MB 500296]. — Typus: CBS 117186. Ex-type: CBS 117186 = IBT 12703 = IFM 55214. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431367; BenA = DQ094885; CaM = DQ094891; RPB2 = MN969072.

Aspergillus fumigatus Fresen., Beitr. Mykol.: 81. 1863. [MB 211776]. — Typus: IMI 16152. Ex-type: CBS 133.61 = NRRL 163 = ATCC 1022 = ATCC 4813 = IMI 16152 = LSHBA c.71 = NCTC 982 = QM 1981 = Thom 118 = WB 163 = DTO 001-D1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669931; BenA = EF669791; CaM = EF669860; RPB2 = EF669719.

Aspergillus fumisynnematus Y. Horie et al., Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 34: 3. 1993. [MB 360061]. — Typus: CBM FD-0001. Ex-type: CBS 141446 = IFM 42277 = DTO 354-A5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB250779; BenA = AB248076; CaM = AB259968; RPB2 = MN969073.

Aspergillus funiculosus G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 39: 111. 1956. [MB 292845]. — Typus: IMI 44397. Ex-type: NRRL 4744 = NRRL 2550 = NRRL A-6752. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Ochraceorosei ser. Funiculosi. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661223; BenA = EF661112; CaM = EF661175; RPB2 = EF661078. Genome: GCA_027569145.

Aspergillus galapagensis (Frisvad, S.B. Hong & Samson) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 809589]. — Typus: CBS 117522. Ex-type: CBS 117522 = IBT 16756 = KACC 41935 = DTO 3H4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431368; BenA = DQ534145; CaM = DQ534151; RPB2 = MN969074.

Aspergillus germanicus Frisvad et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 91. 2011. [MB 560401]. — Typus: CBS H-20636. Ex-type: CBS 123887. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ531146; BenA = FJ531172; CaM = FJ531141; RPB2 = KU866944. Genome: GCA_045785125.

Aspergillus giganteus Wehmer, Mem. Soc. Phys. Genève 33: 85. 1901. [MB 206765]. — Typus: IMI 227678. Ex-type: CBS 526.65 = NRRL 10 = ATCC 10059 = DSM 1146 = IFO 5818 = IMI 227678 = QM 1970 = Thom 5581.13A = WB 10. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Clavati ser. Clavati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669928; BenA = EF669789; CaM = EF669857; RPB2 = EF669716.

Aspergillus glabripes Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 197. 2017. [MB 818934]. — Typus: PRM 944436. Ex-type: CCF 5474 = DTO 356-E8 = EMSL No.2462 = NRRL 66618 = IBT 34820. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Vitricolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087614; BenA = KY117683; CaM = KY068166; RPB2 = KY117859.

Aspergillus glaucus (L.) Fr., Systema Mycologicum 3: 385. 1832. [MB 860658]. — Typus: IMI 211383. Ex-type: CBS 516.65 = NRRL 116 = ATCC 16469 = IMI 211383 = LCP 64.1859 = Thom 5629.C = WB 116. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Aspergillus. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652052; BenA = EF651887; CaM = EF651989; RPB2 = EF651934. Genome: GCF_001890805.

Aspergillus gorakhpurensis Kamal & Bhargava, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 52: 338. 1969. [MB 326632]. — Typus: IMI 130728. Ex-type: CBS 648.74 = NRRL 3649 = IMI 130728 = QM 9187 = WB 5346. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Cremei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652145; BenA = EF652114; CaM = EF652126; RPB2 = EF652097.

Aspergillus gracilis Bainier, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 23: 90. 1907. [MB 167554]. — Typus: IMI 211393. Ex-type: CBS 539.65 = CCF 5478 = NRRL 4962 = ATCC 16906 = IMI 211393 = QM 8915 = WB 4962. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Restricti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652045; BenA = EF651883; CaM = EF652031; RPB2 = EF651980.

Aspergillus granulosus Raper & Thom, Mycologia 36: 565. 1944. [MB 284302]. — Typus: IMI 17278ii. Ex-type: NRRL 1932 = CBS 588.65 = ATCC 16837 = IMI 17278 = QM 6846 = WB 1932. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Usti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652430; BenA = EF652254; CaM = EF652342; RPB2 = EF652166. Genome: GCA_044048675.

Aspergillus guangxiensis B.D. Sun et al., J. Fungi 8 (11, no. 1205): 9. 2022. [MB 837899]. — Typus: HMAS 248372. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.19709 = MN 115635. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Sparsi ser. Conjuncti. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN640765; BenA = MN635251; CaM = MN635262; RPB2 = n.a.

Aspergillus guanovespertilionum J.M.S. Lima et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 14: 99. 2024. [MB 851902]. — Typus: URM 95545. Ex-type: URM 8662. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Canini. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP034169; BenA = PP150739; CaM = PP150747; RPB2 = PP187792.

Aspergillus hainanicus X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 8 (3, no. 225): 9. 2022. [MB 570967]. — Typus: HMAS 247855. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20888. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Cavernicolarum ser. Hainanici. DNA barcodes: ITS = OM414846; BenA = OM475626; CaM = OM475630; RPB2 = OM475634.

Aspergillus haitiensis Varga et al., IMA Fungus 1: 194. 2010. [MB 517384]. — Typus: CBS H-20503. Ex-type: CBS 464.91. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Sparsi ser. Sparsi. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491657; BenA = FJ491670; CaM = FJ491645; RPB2 = KU866943.

Aspergillus halophilicus C.M. Chr. et al., Mycologia 51: 636. 1961. [MB 326633]. — Typus: BPI 566153. Ex-type: CBS 122.62 = CCF 5687 = NRRL 2739 = ATCC 16401 = IFO 7054 = IMI 211802 = NRRL 4679 = NRRL A-7206 = QM 8894 = WB 4679. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Halophilici. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652088; BenA = EF651926; CaM = EF652034; RPB2 = EF651982.

Aspergillus hancockii Pitt, PLoS ONE 12 (e0179254): 16. 2017. [MB 818219]. — Typus: FRR 3425. Ex-type: FRR 3425. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Leporum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX858342; BenA = GCA001696595; CaM = GCA001696595; RPB2 = GCA001696595. Genome: GCA_001696595.

Aspergillus heldtiae Visagie, Stud. Mycol. 95: 276. 2020. [MB 834200]. — Typus: PREM 50864. Ex-type: PPRI 4229 = CMV 004A2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450656; BenA = MK450981; CaM = MK451518; RPB2 = MK450809.

Aspergillus heteromorphus Bat. & H. Maia, Anais Soc. Biol. Pernambuco 15: 200. 1957. [MB 292846]. — Typus: IMI 172288. Ex-type: CBS 117.55 = NRRL 4747 = ATCC 12064 = IMI 172288 = QM 6954 = WB 4747. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Heteromorphi. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU821305; BenA = EF661103; CaM = EF661169; RPB2 = EF661050. Genome: GCF_003184545.

Aspergillus heterothallicus Kwon-Chung et al., Gen. Aspergillus: 502. 1965. [MB 326635]. — Typus: CBS 488.65. Ex-type: CBS 488.65 = NRRL 5096 = ATCC 16847 = IMI 139277 = QM 8916 = WB 5096. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Usti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652499; BenA = EF652323; CaM = EF652411; RPB2 = EF652235.

Aspergillus heyangensis Z.T. Qi et al., Acta Mycol. Sin. 13: 81. 1994. [MB 414654]. — Typus: HMAS 58982. Ex-type: CBS 101751 = AS 3.4630 = DTO 026-G6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491520; BenA = FJ491521; CaM = FJ491522; RPB2 = KX423659.

Aspergillus hiratsukae Udagawa et al., Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 32: 23. 1991. [MB 354908]. — Typus: NHL 3008. Ex-type: CBS 294.93 = NRRL 20820 = IMI 349859 = NHL 3008 = DTO 050-E5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431369; BenA = AF057324; CaM = PV180535; RPB2 = MN969075.

Aspergillus homomorphus Steiman, Guiraud, Sage & Seigle-Mur. ex Samson & Frisvad, Stud. Mycol. 50: 58. 2004. [MB 500011]. — Typus: CBS H-13440. Ex-type: CBS 101889. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF166063; BenA = AY820015; CaM = FN594549; RPB2 = MN969076. Genome: GCF_003184865.

Aspergillus hordei Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 207. 2017. [MB 818937]. — Typus: PRM 944446. Ex-type: NRRL 25825 = CCF 5483 = DTO 356-D3 = IBT 34539. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Penicillioides. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087759; BenA = KY117822; CaM = KY068309; RPB2 = KY118000.

Aspergillus hortae [as ‘hortai’] (Langeron) C.W. Dodge, Medical Mycology. Fungous diseases of men and other mammals: 628. 1935. [MB 252620]. — Typus: CBS H-24279. Ex-type: CBS 124230 = NRRL 274 = ATCC 10070 = IBT 26384. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP987087; BenA = FJ491706; CaM = KP987054; RPB2 = KP987022.

Aspergillus hubkae Y.B. Zhou et al., Mycopathologia 189 (no. 44): 5. 2024. [MB 850133]. — Typus: CBS H-25295. Ex-type: CBS 150516 = DTO 493-H5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Nigri. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR596991; BenA = OR596886; CaM = OR596887; RPB2 = OR596888.

Aspergillus huiyaniae Y. Horie et al., Mycoscience 55: 218. 2014. [MB 803656]. — Typus: IFM 57847H. Ex-type: CBS 139185 = CCF 4691 = IFM 57847 = JCM 19448. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fennelliarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431370; BenA = AB787219; CaM = AB787564; RPB2 = MN969077.

Aspergillus hydei Doilom, Front. Microbiol. 11 (no. 585215): 4. 2020. [MB 557860]. — Typus: MFLU 20-0430. Ex-type: KUMCC 18-0196. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT152332; BenA = MT161679; CaM = MT178247; RPB2 = MT384370.

Aspergillus ibericus R. Serra et al., Mycologia 98: 298. 2006. [MB 501326]. — Typus: MUM-H 03.49. Ex-type: CBS 121593 = NRRL 35644 = IMI 391429. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Carbonarii. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661200; BenA = EF661102; CaM = EF661163; RPB2 = EF661065. Genome: GCF_003184845.

Aspergillus iizukae Sugiy., J. Fac. Sci. Tokyo University, Sec. 3: 390. 1967. [MB 326636]. — Typus: TI 0007. Ex-type: CBS 541.69 = CCF 4548 = NRRL 3750 = IMI 141552 = QM 9325. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Flavipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669597; BenA = EU014086; CaM = EF669555; RPB2 = EF669639.

Aspergillus implicatus Persiani & Maggi, Mycol. Res. 98: 871. 1994. [MB 362533]. — Typus: ROHB 110 S. Ex-type: CBS 484.95. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Sparsi ser. Implicati. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491656; BenA = FJ491667; CaM = FJ491650; RPB2 = MN969078.

Aspergillus incahuasiensis Piontelli et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 69: 3354. 2019. [MB 828145]. — Typus: BPI 910732. Ex-type: NRRL 66825 = CCF 6209. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Multicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH473585; BenA = MH476273; CaM = MH476276; RPB2 = MH476279. Genome: GCA_003719405.

Aspergillus indologenus Frisvad et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 9. 2011. [MB 560389]. — Typus: CBS H-20629. Ex-type: CBS 114.80 = IBT 3679 = ITEM 7038. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = AJ280005; BenA = AY585539; CaM = AM419750; RPB2 = HE984366. Genome: GCA_003184685.

Aspergillus inflatus (Stolk & Malla) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 809590]. — Typus: CBS H-7500. Ex-type: CBS 682.70 = FRR 1549 = IMI 191498. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Inflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ531054; BenA = FJ531008; CaM = FJ531090; RPB2 = JN406529.

Aspergillus infrequens Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 207. 2017. [MB 818938]. — Typus: PRM 944449. Ex-type: NRRL 25868 = CCF 5486 = DTO 356-D6 = IBT 34524. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Penicillioides. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087770; BenA = KY117833; CaM = KY068320; RPB2 = KY118011.

Aspergillus insolitus (G. Sm.) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 809591]. — Typus: CBS 384.61. Ex-type: CBS 384.61 = CCF 3701 = ATCC 18164 = IFO 8788 = IMI 75202 = LSHB BB414 = MUCL 3078 = QM 7961. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Polypaecilum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980622; BenA = KY980550; CaM = KY980586; RPB2 = KY980447.

Aspergillus insuetus (Bainier) Thom & Church, Manual of the Aspergilli: 153. 1929. [MB 267997]. — Typus: CBS 107.25. Ex-type: CBS 107.25 = NRRL 279 = NRRL 1726 = ATCC 1033 = IFO 4128. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652457; BenA = EF652281; CaM = EF652369; RPB2 = EF652193. Genome: GCA_045784725.

Aspergillus insulicola Montem. & A. R. Santiago, Mycopathologia 55: 130. 1975. [MB 309225]. — Typus: CBS 382.75. Ex-type: CBS 382.75 = NRRL 6138 = ATCC 26220. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Steyniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661430; BenA = EF661353; CaM = EF661396; RPB2 = EF661286.

Aspergillus intermedius Blaser, Sydowia 28: 41. 1976. [MB 309226]. — Typus: IMI 89278. Ex-type: CBS 523.65 = NRRL 82 = ATCC 16444 = DSM 2830 = IMI 089278ii = IMI 89278 = LSHBB B 107 = LSHTM 107 = QM 7403 = Thom 5612.107 = WB 82. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Chevalierorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652074; BenA = EF651892; CaM = EF652012; RPB2 = EF651958. Genome: GCA_027569185.

Aspergillus inusitatus F. Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 99 (no. 100120): 20. 2021. [MB 839383]. — Typus: PRM 954606. Ex-type: CBS 147044 = DTO 121-G5 = CCF 6552. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Spelaei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW448669; BenA = MW478502; CaM = MW478517; RPB2 = MW478542.

Aspergillus iranicus Arzanlou et al., Mycol. Prog. 15: 1085. 2016. [MB 817473]. — Typus: CBS H-22338. Ex-type: CBS 139561 = CCTU 756 = IBT 32596 = DTO 203-D7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Nivei. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP987077; BenA = KP987045; CaM = KP987060; RPB2 = KP987034.

Aspergillus israelensis A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 63. 2016. [MB 816091]. — Typus: CBS H-22491. Ex-type: CBS 140627 = IBT 24293 = DTO 325-E2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Unguium. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866677; BenA = KU866915; CaM = KU866797; RPB2 = KU867062.

Aspergillus itaconicus Kinosh., Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 45: 60. 1931. [MB 268225]. — Typus: IMI 16119. Ex-type: CBS 115.32 = NRRL 161 = ATCC 10021 = IHEM 4378 = IMI 16119 = LSHBA 48 = MUCL 31306 = QM 1980 = Thom 5344 = Thom 5660.48 = WB 161. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Cremei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652147; BenA = EF652118; CaM = EF652140; RPB2 = EF652103.

Aspergillus ivoriensis Bartoli & Maggi, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 71: 383. 1979. [MB 309228]. — Typus: RO 101 S. Ex-type: CBS 551.77 = NRRL 22883. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Raperorum ser. Raperorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652441; BenA = EF652265; CaM = EF652353; RPB2 = EF652177.

Aspergillus jaipurensis Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 809592]. — Typus: IMI 378525. Ex-type: CBS 952.97 = IMT 378525 = FMR 6232 = IBT 23715 = DTO 320-A9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431371; BenA = AY339988; CaM = KU866761; RPB2 = KU867024. Genome: GCA_047715525.

Aspergillus janus Raper & Thom, Mycologia 36: 556. 1944. [MB 284303]. — Typus: IMI 16065. Ex-type: CBS 118.45 = CCF 4549 = NRRL 1787 = IMI 16065 = NCTC 6970. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Janorum ser. Janorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669578; BenA = EU014076; CaM = EF669536; RPB2 = EF669620.

Aspergillus japonicus Saito, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 20: 61. 1906. [MB 160656]. — Typus: CBS 114.51. Ex-type: CBS 114.51. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = AJ279985; BenA = HE577804; CaM = FN594551; RPB2 = MN969079. Genome: GCF_003184785.

Aspergillus jilinensis X.Z. Jiang, Mycoscience 61: 207. 2020. [MB 819490]. — Typus: HMAS 247010. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18134. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX443224; BenA = KX443162; CaM = KX443193; RPB2 = n.a.

Aspergillus kalimae Tanney et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 249. 2017. [MB 822732]. — Typus: DAOM 745800. Ex-type: DAOMC 251762 = UAMH 11837 = CBS 143506 = KAS 8135 = SLOAN 4181 = PN08TH-526. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Kalimarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980650; BenA = KY980578; CaM = KY980614; RPB2 = KY980475.

Aspergillus kanagawaensis Nehira, J. Jap. Bot. 26: 109. 1951. [MB 292847]. — Typus: IMI 126690. Ex-type: CBS 538.65 = NRRL 4774 = NRRL 2854 = NRRL 3156 = NRRL A-13499 = IMI 126690. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Cervini. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491617; BenA = FJ491640; CaM = FJ491597; RPB2 = JN121531.

Aspergillus karnatakaensis Varga et al., IMA Fungus 1: 203. 2010. [MB 517549]. — Typus: CBS H-20502. Ex-type: CBS 102800 = IBT 22153. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU482441; BenA = EU482438; CaM = EU482431; RPB2 = KU866956. Genome: GCA_047715665.

Aspergillus kassunensis Baghd., Novosti. Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 5: 113. 1968. [MB 326639]. — Typus: D10 in Universitate Mosquensi, isotype CBS H-24320. Ex-type: CBS 419.69 = NRRL 3752 = IMI 334938. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Cavernicolarum ser. Cavernicolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652461; BenA = EF652285; CaM = EF652373; RPB2 = EF652197. Genome: GCA_027569205.

Aspergillus kearneyorum Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 32: 1. 2024. [MB 901772]. — Typus: MST-FR4446. Ex-type: MST-FR4446. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Cervini. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP416838; BenA = PP438384; CaM = PP438365; RPB2 = PP438375.

Aspergillus keratitidis (W.-L. Chen, Y.-M. Ju, H.-M. Hsieh, H.-Y. Lin & F.-R. Hu) Zalar & W.-L. Chen, Extremophiles 21: 762. 2017. [MB 818566]. — Typus: BCRC 34221. Ex-type: BCRC 34221 = DTO 198-E8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Noonimiarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980616; BenA = KY980544; CaM = KY980580; RPB2 = KY980443.

Aspergillus keveii Varga et al., Stud. Mycol. 59: 120. 2007. [MB 505570]. — Typus: CBS 209.92. Ex-type: CBS 209.92. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU076354; BenA = EU076376; CaM = EU076365; RPB2 = KU866938. Genome: GCA_044089335.

Aspergillus keveioides L. Wang, Mycosystema 32 (suppl): 139. 2013. [MB 570019]. — Typus: HMAS 242394. Ex-type: AS 3.15305 = CBS 132737 = DTO 328-D7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN982704; BenA = JN982694; CaM = JN982684; RPB2 = MN969151.

Aspergillus koreanus Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 80: 142. 2016. [MB 816938]. — Typus: NIBR EML-GSNP1-1. Ex-type: JMRC SF012334. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Inflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX216525; BenA = KX216530; CaM = KX216528; RPB2 = KX216531.

Aspergillus krugeri Visagie, Stud. Mycol. 95: 279. 2020. [MB 834203]. — Typus: PREM 62309. Ex-type: PPRI 8986 = CMV 006G4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450655; BenA = MK451098; CaM = MK451517; RPB2 = MK450808.

Aspergillus kumbius Pitt, Persoonia 44: 359. 2020. [MB 835225]. — Typus: DAR 85044. Ex-type: FRR 6049 = MST-FP2250. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT179307; BenA = MT184782; CaM = MT184788; RPB2 = MT184794.

Aspergillus labruscus Fungaro et al., Sci. Rep. 7 (no. 6203): 4. 2017. [MB 815746]. — Typus: CCT 7800. Ex-type: IBT 33586 = CCT 7800 = ITAL 22.223. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU708544; BenA = KT986014; CaM = KT986008; RPB2 = MN969196.

Aspergillus laciniosus S.B. Hong et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56: 484. 2006. [MB 521269]. — Typus: CBS 117721. Ex-type: CBS 117721 = NRRL 35589 = KACC 41657 = DTO 164-I2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB299413; BenA = AY870756; CaM = AY870716; RPB2 = MN969080.

Aspergillus lannaensis Suwannar. et al., Fungal Diversity 111: 145. 2021. [MB 838058]. — Typus: SDBR-CMUO 8. Ex-type: SDBR-CMUO 8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Ochraceorosei ser. Funiculosi. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = MW219783; CaM = MW219781; RPB2 = MW219785.

Aspergillus lanosus Kamal & Bhargava, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 52: 336. 1969. [MB 326640]. — Typus: IMI 130727. Ex-type: CBS 650.74 = NRRL 3648 = IMI 130727 = QM 9183 = WB 5347. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Alliacei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661553; BenA = MG517633; CaM = MG518017; RPB2 = EU021642.

Aspergillus lanuginosus F. Sklenar & Hubka, Stud. Mycol. 99 (no. 100120): 20. 2021. [MB 839384]. — Typus: PRM 954608. Ex-type: NRRL 4610 = IMI 350352 = CCF 4551 = IFM 66818. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Spelaei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669604; BenA = EU014080; CaM = EF669562; RPB2 = EF669646.

Aspergillus latilabiatus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 66. 2016. [MB 816093]. — Typus: CBS H-22514. Ex-type: CBS 426.93 = IBT 33959 = DTO 320-B2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866624; BenA = KU866864; CaM = KU866762; RPB2 = KU867025.

Aspergillus lebretii V.C.S. Alves et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 10: 144. 2022. [MB 846119]. — Typus: URM 95150. Ex-type: URM 8451 = FCCUFG 09. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Wentiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON862928; BenA = OP672382; CaM = OP290540; RPB2 = OP290511.

Aspergillus lentisci (Durieu & Mont.) Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 107: 19. 2024. [MB 849485]. — Typus: CBS H-25292 (epitype). Ex-type: CBS 150189 = DTO 426E9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Dichlaena ser. Dichlaena. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR142402; BenA = OR145977; CaM = OR145992; RPB2 = OR146003.

Aspergillus lentulus Balajee & K.A. Marr, Eukaryot. Cell 4: 631. 2005. [MB 356679]. — Typus: BPI 863540. Ex-type: CBS 117885 = CCF 5999 = NRRL 35552 = IBT 27201 = KACC 41940 = DTO 004-E9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669969; BenA = EF669825; CaM = EF669895; RPB2 = EF669756.

Aspergillus leporis States & M. Chr., Mycologia 58: 738. 1966. [MB 326641]. — Typus: NY RMF 99. Ex-type: CBS 151.66 = NRRL 3216 = ATCC 16490 = NRRL A-14256 = NRRL A-15810 = QM 8995 = RMF99 = WB 5188. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Leporum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF104443; BenA = EF661499; CaM = EF661541; RPB2 = EF661459. Genome: GCA_009176345.

Aspergillus leucocarpus Hadlok & Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 35: 9. 1969. [MB 326642]. — Typus: CBS 353.68. Ex-type: CBS 353.68 = CCF 5590 = NRRL 3497 = QM 9365 = QM 9707. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Leucocarpi. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652087; BenA = EF651925; CaM = EF652023; RPB2 = EF651972.

Aspergillus levisporus Hubka et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 99. 2017. [MB 818735]. — Typus: CBS H-22820. Ex-type: CBS 141767 = DTO 355-G4 = EMSL No.3211 = CCF 5378 = IBT 34512. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Aspergillus. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT670950; BenA = LT671094; CaM = LT671095; RPB2 = LT671096.

Aspergillus limoniformis Z.F. Zhang & L. Cai, Fungal Diversity 106: 77. 2021. [MB 556394]. — Typus: HMAS 248014. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.19323 = LC126098. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Canini. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK329066; BenA = MK336093; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = MK335972.

Aspergillus longistipitatus F. Sklenar et al., Mycologia 112: 363. 2020. [MB 832714]. — Typus: PRM 951573. Ex-type: CCF 5788 = EMSL No.2705 = NRRL 66886. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Unguium. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK713534; BenA = MK695641; CaM = MK695652; RPB2 = MK695663.

Aspergillus longivesica L. H. Huang & Raper, Mycologia 63: 53. 1971. [MB 309229]. — Typus: WIS Nl l79. Ex-type: CBS 530.71 = NRRL 5215 = ATCC 22434 = IMI 156966 = JCM 10186 = QM 9698. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Clavati ser. Clavati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669991; BenA = EF669847; CaM = EF669917; RPB2 = EF669778.

Aspergillus loretoensis González-Martínez & Portillo-López, Extremophiles 23: 562. 2019. [MB 830181]. — Typus: CM-CNRG 624. Ex-type: CM-CNRG 624. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Salinarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX236325; BenA = MK309399; CaM = MK309400; RPB2 = MK312162.

Aspergillus luchuensis Inui, J. Coll. Agric. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 15: 469. 1901. [MB 151291]. — Typus: CBS H-24280. Ex-type: CBS 205.80 = NBRC 4281 = KACC 46772 = IFM 47726 = RIB 2642. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Nigri. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX500081; BenA = JX500062; CaM = JX500071; RPB2 = MN969081.

Aspergillus lucknowensis J.N. Rai et al., Canad. J. Bot. 46: 1483. 1968. [MB 326643]. — Typus: CBS 449.75. Ex-type: CBS 449.75 = NRRL 3491 = ATCC 18607 = IMI 278379 = PIL623 = QM 9271 = WB 5377. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Deflecti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652459; BenA = EF652283; CaM = EF652371; RPB2 = EF652195. Genome: GCF_044049455.

Aspergillus luppiae [as ‘luppii’] Hubka et al., Mycologia 107: 187. 2014. [MB 825372]. — Typus: PRM 923447. Ex-type: NRRL 6326 = CBS 653.74 = CCF 4545. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Spelaei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669617; BenA = EU014079; CaM = EF669575; RPB2 = EF669659.

Aspergillus luteovirescens Blochwitz, Ann. Mycol. 31: 80. 1933. [MB 269992]. — Typus: CBS H-23401. Ex-type: CBS 620.95 = DTO 010-H1 = CBS 116.32 (dead) = IMI 348034 = NRRL 4858 = WB 4858. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Nomiarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG662406; BenA = MG517625; CaM = MG517998; RPB2 = MG517808.

Aspergillus magaliesburgensis Visagie, Stud. Mycol. 95: 285. 2020. [MB 834204]. — Typus: PREM 62314. Ex-type: PPRI 6165 = CMV 007A3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Alliacei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450649; BenA = MK451116; CaM = MK451511; RPB2 = MK450802.

Aspergillus magnivesiculatus Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 211. 2017. [MB 818939]. — Typus: PRM 944444. Ex-type: NRRL 25866 = CCF 5488 = IBT 34816. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Penicillioides. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087768; BenA = KY117831; CaM = KY068318; RPB2 = KY118009.

Aspergillus magnus Glässnerová & Hubka, Stud. Mycol. 102: 38. 2022. [MB 844202]. — Typus: PRM 956934. Ex-type: UAMH 1324 = IBT 14560. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi ser. Candidi. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON156376; BenA = ON164570; CaM = ON164619; RPB2 = ON164517.

Aspergillus mallochii Visagie et al., MycoKeys 19: 16. 2017. [MB 819025]. — Typus: DAOM 740296. Ex-type: DAOMC 146054 = CBS 141928 = DTO 357-A5 = KAS 7618. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX450907; BenA = KX450889; CaM = KX450902; RPB2 = KX450894.

Aspergillus malvicolor A.D. Hocking, Persoonia 44: 363. 2020. [MB 835227]. — Typus: DAR 85046. Ex-type: CBS 146724 = FRR 2383 = MST-FP2244. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT179308; BenA = MT184784; CaM = MT184790; RPB2 = MT184796.

Aspergillus marvanovae Hubka et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63: 787. 2013. [MB 801064]. — Typus: PRM 860539. Ex-type: NRRL 62486 = IBT 31279 = CCM 8003 = CCF 4037 = IFM 60873 = DTO 303-A2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = HE974450; BenA = HE974387; CaM = HE974389; RPB2 = HE974396.

Aspergillus megasporus Visagie et al., MycoKeys 19: 17. 2017. [MB 819028]. — Typus: DAOM 741781. Ex-type: DAOMC 250799 = CBS 141929= DTO 356-H7 = KAS 6176. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Aspergillus. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX450910; BenA = KX450892; CaM = KX450905; RPB2 = KX450897.

Aspergillus melleus Yukawa, J. Coll. Agric. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 1: 358. 1911. [MB 164593]. — Typus: CBS 546.65. Ex-type: CBS 546.65 = NRRL 5103 = IBT 13510 = IBT 13511 = IBT 13875 = ATCC 16889 = WB 5103. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661425; BenA = EF661326; CaM = EF661391; RPB2 = EF661309.

Aspergillus microcysticus Sappa, Allionia 2: 251. 1955. [MB 292848]. — Typus: IMI 139275. Ex-type: CBS 120.58 = NRRL 4749 = ATCC 16826 = IMI 139275 = QM 8158 = WB 4749. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Ambigui. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669607; BenA = EF669515; CaM = EF669565; RPB2 = EF669649.

Aspergillus micronesiensis Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 105. 2014. [MB 809192]. — Typus: CBS H-21809. Ex-type: CBS 138183 = DTO 267D5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Flavipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775548; BenA = KJ775085; CaM = KJ775355; RPB2 = KP987023.

Aspergillus microperforatus J.P.Z. Siqueira et al., Med. Mycol. 56: 545. 2017. [MB 820080]. — Typus: CBS H-22998. Ex-type: CBS 142376 = UTHSCSA DI16-407 = FMR 14071. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT627271; BenA = LT627296; CaM = LT627321; RPB2 = LT627346.

Aspergillus minisclerotigenes Vaamonde et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 58: 733. 2008. [MB 505188]. — Typus: CBS H-24281. Ex-type: CBS 117635 = IBT 25032 = DTO 009-F7 = DTO 303-C6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF409239; BenA = EF203148; CaM = MG518009; RPB2 = MG517799. Genome: GCA_009176455.

Aspergillus miraensis (L.C. Zhang, Juan Chen & S.X. Guo) Hubka et al., Plant Syst. Evol. 302: 1288. 2016. [MB 816283]. — Typus: CGMCC 3.14984. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.14984. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866642; BenA = KC342577; CaM = KU866780; RPB2 = KU867045.

Aspergillus monodii (Locq.-Lin.) Varga et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 91. 2011. [MB 560402]. — Typus: LCP 89-3570 (PC). Ex-type: CBS 435.93 = DTO 69-A3 = DTO 026-I4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Monodiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ531150; BenA = FJ531171; CaM = FJ531142; RPB2 = MN969082.

Aspergillus montevidensis Talice & Mackinnon, Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. 108: 1007. 1931. [MB 309231]. — Typus: BPI 884202. Ex-type: CBS 491.65 = NRRL 108 = ATCC 10077 = IHEM 3337 = IMI 172290 = NRRL 109 = QM 7423 = Thom 5290 = Thom 5633.24 = WB 108. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Chevalierorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652077; BenA = EF651898; CaM = EF652020; RPB2 = EF651964.

Aspergillus montoensis Y.P. Tan et al., Index Fungorum 503: 1. 2021. [MB 558828]. — Typus: BRIP 64553a. Ex-type: BRIP 64553a = CBS 149107. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = OK441076; BenA = OK533535; CaM = PV180529; RPB2 = OK509073.

Aspergillus mottae C. Soares et al., Mycologia 104: 692. 2012. [MB 561841]. — Typus: MUM-H 10.231. Ex-type: CBS 130016. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF412767; BenA = HM803086; CaM = MG518058; RPB2 = MG517878.

Aspergillus movilensis A. Nováková et al., Mycologia 107: 190. 2014. [MB 808144]. — Typus: PRM 923448. Ex-type: CBS 134395 = PRM 923449 = CCF 4410 = CMF ISB 2614 = NRRL 62819 = DTO 316-C6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Spelaei. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP987089; BenA = HG916697; CaM = HG916740; RPB2 = HG916718.

Aspergillus multicolor Sappa, Allionia 2: 87. 1954. [MB 292849]. — Typus: IMI 69875. Ex-type: CBS 133.54 = NRRL 4775 = ATCC 16804 = IFO 8133 = IMI 69857 = LSHBB B 356 = QM 1952 = WB 4281 = WB 4775. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Multicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652477; BenA = EF652301; CaM = EF652389; RPB2 = EF652213. Genome: GCA_047715735.

Aspergillus multiplicatus Yaguchi et al., Mycoscience 35: 310. 1994. [MB 412530]. — Typus: CBM PF-1154. Ex-type: CBS 646.95 = IBT 17517 = IFM 46955. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = HE974445; BenA = DQ114129; CaM = DQ114137; RPB2 = HE974397.

Aspergillus mulundensis Bills & Frisvad, J. Antibiot. 69: 143. 2016. [MB 813062]. — Typus: DSMZ 5745. Ex-type: IBT 33104 = DSMZ 5745 = DTO 316-C9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Multicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP985732; BenA = KP985735; CaM = KP985734; RPB2 = KU866989. Genome: GCF_003369625.

Aspergillus muricatus Udagawa et al., Mycotaxon 52: 210. 1994. [MB 362530]. — Typus: CBM BF-42515. Ex-type: CBS 112808 = NRRL 35674 = IBT 19374 = IMI 36852. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661434; BenA = EF661356; CaM = EF661377; RPB2 = EF661314.

Aspergillus nanangensis Pitt, Persoonia 44: 365. 2020. [MB 836001]. — Typus: DAR 84903. Ex-type: CBS 146238 = FRR 6048 = MST-FP2251. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Janorum ser. Janorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK979278; BenA = MT184783; CaM = MT184789; RPB2 = MT184795. Genome: GCA_015844325.

Aspergillus navahoensis M. Chr. & States, Mycologia 74: 226. 1982. [MB 110496]. — Typus: NY SD-5. Ex-type: CBS 351.81 = NRRL 13002 = ATCC 44663 = IMI 259971. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652424; BenA = EF652248; CaM = EF652336; RPB2 = EF652160. Genome: GCA_048127645.

Aspergillus neoafricanus Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 53. 2011. [MB 560391]. — Typus: CBS H-24282. Ex-type: CBS 130.55 = NRRL 2399 = ATCC 16792 = IHEM 4380 = IMI 61457 = MUCL 31316 = NRRL A-3175 = QM 1913 = VKMF-2037 = WB 2399. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669585; BenA = EF669516; CaM = EF669543; RPB2 = EF669627.

Aspergillus neoalliaceus A. Novakova et al., Stud. Mycol. 93: 43. 2018. [MB 823775]. — Typus: CBS H-23363. Ex-type: CBS 143681 = DTO 326-D3 = CCF 5433 = IBT 33110 = IBT 33353. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Alliacei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH279420; BenA = MG517763; CaM = MG518133; RPB2 = MG517954.

Aspergillus neobridgeri Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 50: 35. 2004. [MB 500004]. — Typus: CBS 559.82. Ex-type: CBS 559.82 = NRRL 13078 = IBT 14026. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661410; BenA = EF661345; CaM = EF661359; RPB2 = EF661298.

Aspergillus neocarnoyi Kozak., Mycol. Pap. 161: 63. 1989. [MB 127756]. — Typus: IMI 172279. Ex-type: CBS 471.65 = CCF 5588 = NRRL 126 = ATCC 16924 = IMI 172279 = LSHTM A32 = QM 7402 = Thom 5612.A32 = WB 126. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Aspergillus. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652057; BenA = EF651903; CaM = EF651985; RPB2 = EF651942.

Aspergillus neoflavipes Hubka et al., Mycologia 107: 192. 2014. [MB 808147]. — Typus: BPI 410858. Ex-type: CBS 260.73 = NN RL 5504 = ATCC 24484 = IMI 171883 = IFM 40894 = CCF 4552. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Flavipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669614; BenA = EU014084; CaM = EF669572; RPB2 = EF669656.

Aspergillus neoglaber Kozak., Mycol. Pap. 161: 56. 1989. [MB 127762]. — Typus: IMI 61447. Ex-type: CBS 111.55 = NRRL 2163 = ATCC 16909 = IFO 8789 = IMI 061447ii = IMI 367412 = IMI 61447 = NRRL A-2175 = QM 1903 = WB 2163 = DTO 050-D4 = DTO 164-H7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669948; BenA = EU014107; CaM = EU014120; RPB2 = EF669736.

Aspergillus neoindicus Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 53. 2011. [MB 560394]. — Typus: CBS H-24283. Ex-type: CBS 444.75 = CCF 5131 = NRRL 6134 = IMI 334935. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Nivei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669616; BenA = EF669532; CaM = EF669574; RPB2 = EF669658.

Aspergillus neoniveus Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 53. 2011. [MB 560395]. — Typus: QM 8942. Ex-type: CBS 261.73 = CCF 3057 = NRRL 5299 = ATCC 24482 = IMI 171878. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Neonivei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669612; BenA = EU014098; CaM = EF669570; RPB2 = KP987024.

Aspergillus neoterreus X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 8 (3, no. 225): 10. 2022. [MB 570968]. — Typus: HMAS 247856. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20891. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = OM414849; BenA = OM475629; CaM = OM475633; RPB2 = OM475637.

Aspergillus neotritici Glässnerová & Hubka, Stud. Mycol. 102: 38. 2022. [MB 844204]. — Typus: PRM 956940. Ex-type: CCF 3853 = IBT 32725. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi ser. Candidi. DNA barcodes: ITS = FR727136; BenA = FR775327; CaM = HE661598; RPB2 = LT627021.

Aspergillus nidulans (Eidam) G. Winter, Rabenh. Krypt.-Fl., ed. 2 1: 62. 1884. [MB 182069]. — Typus: IMI 86806. Ex-type: CBS 589.65 = NRRL 187 = ATCC 10074 = IHEM 3563 = IMI 126691 = IMI 86806 = QM 1985 = Thom 4640.5 = WB 187. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652427; BenA = EF652251; CaM = EF652339; RPB2 = EF652163.

Aspergillus niger Tiegh., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. 8: 240. 1867. [MB 284309]. — Typus: CBS 554.65. Ex-type: CBS 554.65 = CCF 5598 = NRRL 326 = ATCC 16888 = IFO 33023 = IHEM 3415 = IMI 050566ii = IMI 50566 = JCM 10254 = QM 9270 = QM 9946 = Thom 2766 = WB 326. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Nigri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661186; BenA = EF661089; CaM = EF661154; RPB2 = EF661058. Genome: GCA_019288275.

Aspergillus nishimurae Takada et al., Mycoscience 42: 362. 2001. [MB 474712]. — Typus: CBM FA-919; PRM 935217 (epitype). Ex-type: IFM 54133 = IBT 29024 = CBM-FA-0910 = CCF 4547. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = HE974449; BenA = AB201360; CaM = HE974392; RPB2 = HE974393.

Aspergillus niveoglaucus Thom & Raper, U.S.D.A. Misc. Pub. 426: 35. 1941. [MB 120985]. — Typus: IMI 32050ii. Ex-type: CBS 114.27 = CBS 517.65 = CCF 5589 = NRRL 127 = ATCC 10075 = IMI 32050 = LSHBA 16 = NRRL 129 = NRRL 130 = QM 1977 = Thom 5612.A16 = Thom 5633 = Thom 5633.7 = Thom 7053.2 = WB 127 = WB 130. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Aspergillus. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652058; BenA = EF651905; CaM = EF651993; RPB2 = EF651943.

Aspergillus niveus Blochwitz, Ann. Mycol. 27: 205. 1929. [MB 272402]. — Typus: IMI 171878. Ex-type: CBS 115.27 = CCF 4890 = NRRL 5505. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Nivei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669615; BenA = EF669528; CaM = EF669573; RPB2 = EF669657.

Aspergillus nomiae [as ‘nomius’] Kurtzman, B.W. Horn & Hesselt., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 53: 151. 1987. [MB 634998]. — Typus: NRRL 13137. Ex-type: CBS 260.88 = CCF 3086 = NRRL 13137 = ATCC 15546 = FRR 3339 = IMI 331920 = LCP 89.3558 = NRRL 6108 = NRRL A-13671 = NRRL A-13794. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Nomiarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF027860; BenA = AF255067; CaM = AY017588; RPB2 = EF661456. Genome: GCF_001204775.

Aspergillus noonimiae Tanney et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 252. 2017. [MB 822733]. — Typus: DAOM 745797. Ex-type: DAOMC 251754 = UAMH 11836 = CBS 143382 = KAS 8125 = SLOAN 7955 = PN06TH-370. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Noonimiarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980641; BenA = KY980569; CaM = KY980605; RPB2 = KY980466.

Aspergillus novofumigatus S.B. Hong et al., Mycologia 97: 1368. 2006. [MB 500297]. — Typus: CBS 117520. Ex-type: CBS 117520 = CCF 4695 = IBT 16806 = DTO 022-B7 = DTO 003-H3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431372; BenA = DQ094886; CaM = DQ094893; RPB2 = MN969083. Genome: GCF_002847465.

Aspergillus novoguineensis A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 85: 75. 2016. [MB 817725]. — Typus: CBS H-22729. Ex-type: CBS 906.96 = DTO 021-G5 = IBT 29312. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Cervini. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491622; BenA = FJ491641; CaM = FJ491605; RPB2 = KX423681.

Aspergillus novoparasiticus Gonçalves et al., Med. Mycol. 50: 158. 2012. [MB 516612]. — Typus: CBS H-20401. Ex-type: CBS 126849 = DTO 223-C3 = DTO 223-C4 = FMR 10121 = LEMI 250 = IBT 32311. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG662397; BenA = MG517684; CaM = MG518055; RPB2 = MG517875. Genome: GCA_009176405.

Aspergillus nutans McLennan & Ducker, Austral. J. Bot. 2: 355. 1954. [MB 292850]. — Typus: IMI 62874ii. Ex-type: CBS 121.56 = NRRL 575 = NRRL 4364 = NRRL A-6280 = ATCC 16914 = IFO 8134 = IMI 062874ii = IMI 62874 = QM 8159 = WB 4364 = WB 4546 = WB 4776. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Cervini. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661272; BenA = EF661249; CaM = EF661262; RPB2 = EF661227.

Aspergillus occultus Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 32. 2014. [MB 809198]. — Typus: CBS H-21794. Ex-type: CBS 137330 = IBT 32285 = DTO 231-A7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Steyniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775443; BenA = KJ775061; CaM = KJ775239; RPB2 = MN969084.

Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis Bat. & Maia, Anais Soc. Biol. Pernambuco 15: 213. 1957. [MB 292851]. — Typus: no 270 Instituto de Micologia, Iniversidade do Recife. Ex-type: CBS 123.55 = NRRL 4752 = IBT 14347 = ATCC 12066 = IMI 211804 = QM 6955 = WB 4752. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Steyniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661429; BenA = EF661350; CaM = EF661388; RPB2 = EF661283.

Aspergillus ochraceoroseus Bartoli & Maggi, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 71: 393. 1979. [MB 309233]. — Typus: RO 104 S. Ex-type: CBS 550.77 = NRRL 28622 = ATCC 38873 = SRRC1432. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Ochraceorosei ser. Ochraceorosei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661224; BenA = EF661113; CaM = EF661137; RPB2 = EF661074. Genome: GCA_000986665.

Aspergillus ochraceus K. Wilh., Beitr. Kenntn. Aspergillus: 66. 1877. [MB 190223]. — Typus: IMI 16247iv. Ex-type: CBS 108.08 = NRRL 398 = IBT 11952 = ATCC 1008 = CECT2093 = DSM 824 = HARVARD296 = IMI 16247 = NCTC 3889 = NRRL 1642 = QM 6731 = Thom 112 = WB 398. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661419; BenA = EF661322; CaM = EF661381; RPB2 = EF661302.

Aspergillus oerlinghausenensis Bader & Houbraken, FEMS Microbiol. Letter 363 (3/fnv236): 4. 2015. [MB 813868]. — Typus: CBS H-22119. Ex-type: CBS 139183 = IBT 33878 = DTO 316-A3 = Isolate 227. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT359601; BenA = KT359603; CaM = KT359605; RPB2 = MN969162. Genome: GCA_014250555.

Aspergillus okavangoensis Visagie & Nkwe, Fungal Syst. Evol. 8: 85. 2021. [MB 840269]. — Typus: PREM 63212. Ex-type: CBS 147420 = CMW 56636 = CN073A3 = DN24. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Flavipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW480880; BenA = MW480788; CaM = MW480706; RPB2 = MW480790.

Aspergillus olivicola [as ‘oleicola’] Frisvad et al., Mycologia 100: 781. 2008. [MB 507362]. — Typus: CBS H-19888. Ex-type: CBS 119.37 = IBT 21903 = DTO 002-I2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU448268; BenA = AY339996; CaM = EU443986; RPB2 = KU866923.

Aspergillus olivimuriae Crognale & Peterson, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 69: 3. 2019. [MB 826866]. — Typus: BPI 910647. Ex-type: NRRL 66783 = CCF 6208. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Olivimuriarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH298877; BenA = MH492010; CaM = MH492011; RPB2 = MH492012. Genome: GCA_003719415.

Aspergillus omanensis Y. Horie & Udagawa, Mycoscience 36: 391. 1995. [MB 414655]. — Typus: CBM FA-700. Ex-type: CBM FA-700. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = AB248347; CaM = AB524047; RPB2 = n.a.

Aspergillus oryzae (Ahlb.) Cohn, Jahresber. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Cult. 61: 226. 1884. [MB 184394]. — Typus: IMI 16266. Ex-type: CBS 102.07 = CBS 100925 = CCF 3062 = NRRL 447 = ATCC 1011 = ATCC 12891 = ATCC 4814 = ATCC 7561 = ATCC 9102 = IAM13118 = IFO 4075 = IFO 537 = IFO 5375 = IMI 16266 = IMI 44242 = LSHBA c.19 = NCTC 598 = NRRL 692 = QM 6735 = Thom 113 = WB 447. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661560; BenA = EF661483; CaM = EF661506; RPB2 = EF661438.

Aspergillus osmophilus Asgari & Zare, Mycoscience 55: 58. 2014. [MB 803278]. — Typus: IRAN 16110. Ex-type: IRAN 2090C = CBS 134258. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Xerophili. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC473921; BenA = LT671127; CaM = LT671128; RPB2 = LT671129.

Aspergillus ostianus Wehmer, Bot. Centralbl. 80: 461. 1899. [MB 179393]. — Typus: IMI 15960. Ex-type: CBS 103.07 = CBS 548.65 = IBT 13386 = NRRL 420 = ATCC 16887 = IMI 015960iii = IMI 15960 = LCP 89.2584 = LSHBA c.35 = NCTC 3788 = QM 7460 = Thom 4724.35 = WB 420. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661421; BenA = EF661324; CaM = EF661385; RPB2 = EF661304.

Aspergillus oxumiae C.N. Figueiredo et al., Persoonia 44: 357. 2020. [MB 832766]. — Typus: HURB 22369. Ex-type: CCDCA 11546 = UFLA115. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431160; BenA = n.a.; CaM = MN531842; RPB2 = MN521389.

Aspergillus pachycaulis Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 211. 2017. [MB 823048]. — Typus: PRM 944432. Ex-type: NRRL 25824 = CCF 5492 = DTO 356-D2 = IBT 34521 = IBT 34812. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Restricti. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087758; BenA = KY117821; CaM = KY068308; RPB2 = KY117999.

Aspergillus pachycristatus Matsuzawa et al., Mycoscience 53: 439. 2012. [MB 580944]. — Typus: IFM 55265. Ex-type: IFM 55265 = NBRC 104790. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = AB375875; CaM = AB524062; RPB2 = n.a.

Aspergillus pallidofulvus Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 40. 2014. [MB 809199]. — Typus: CBS H-21796. Ex-type: CBS 640.78 = NRRL 4789 = IBT 13871 = IFO 4095 = WB 4789. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661423; BenA = EF661328; CaM = EF661389; RPB2 = MN969085.

Aspergillus panamensis [as ‘panamaensis’] Raper & Thom, Mycologia 36: 568. 1944. [MB 284311]. — Typus: IMI 19393iii. Ex-type: CBS 120.45 = NRRL 1785 = ATCC 16797 = IMI 019393ii = IMI 019393iii = IMI 19393 = LSHBA .61 = NCTC 6974 = QM 6829 = QM 8897 = WB 1785. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Sparsi ser. Conjuncti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661177; BenA = EF661109; CaM = EF661135; RPB2 = EF661040.

Aspergillus papuensis (Samson, S.B. Hong & Varga) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 809593]. — Typus: CBS H-6277. Ex-type: CBS 841.96 = IBT 27801 = DTO 050-D1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU220280; BenA = AY870738; CaM = AY870697; RPB2 = MN969086.

Aspergillus parasiticus Speare, Bull. Div. Pathol. Physiol., Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Assoc. Exp. Sta. 12: 38. 1912. [MB 191085]. — Typus: IMI 15957ix. Ex-type: CBS 100926 = CBS 103.13 = CCF 3058 = NRRL 502 = ATCC 1018 = ATCC 6474 = ATCC 7865 = IMI 15957 = IMI 15957ii = IMI 15957iv = IMI 15957ix = IMI 15957vi = IMI 15957vii = LCP 89.2566 = LSHBA c 14 = NCTC 975 = NRRL 1731 = NRRL 3315 = NRRL A-13360 = NRRL A-14693 = Thom 3509 = WB 502. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY373859; BenA = EF661481; CaM = AY017584; RPB2 = EF661449.

Aspergillus parvulus G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 44: 45. 1961. [MB 121074]. — Typus: IMI 86558. Ex-type: CBS 136.61 = NRRL 4753 = ATCC 16911 = IMI 86558 = LSHBB B 405 = NRRL 1846 = QM 7955 = UC 4613 = WB 4753. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Cervini. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661269; BenA = EF661247; CaM = EF661259; RPB2 = EF661233.

Aspergillus patriciawiltshireae Rajeshk. et al., Phytotaxa 695: 64. 2025. [MB857273]. — Typus: AMH 10778. Ex-type: NFCCI 5959. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = PQ826401; BenA = PQ855384; CaM = PQ855382; RPB2 = PQ855386.

Aspergillus penicillioides [as ‘penicilloides’] Speg., Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 2: 246. 1896. [MB 309234]. — Typus: IMI 211342. Ex-type: CBS 540.65 = CCF 5494 = NRRL 4548 = ATCC 16910 = IMI 211342 = IMUR540 = QM 9370 = WB 4548. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Penicillioides. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652036; BenA = EF651928; CaM = EF652024; RPB2 = EF651930.

Aspergillus pernambucoensis Y. Horie et al., Mycoscience 55: 86. 2014. [MB 801324]. — Typus: IFM 61342H. Ex-type: CBS 137449 = IFM 61342 = CCF 4687 = JCM 19244 = DTO 316-G1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431373; BenA = AB743856; CaM = AB743862; RPB2 = MN969087.

Aspergillus persiiA.M. Corte & Zotti, Mycotaxon 83: 276. 2002. [MB 374215]. — Typus: MUCL 41970. Ex-type: CBS 112795 = NRRL 35669 = IBT 22660 = MUCL 41970. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491580; BenA = AY819988; CaM = FJ491559; RPB2 = EF661295.

Aspergillus petersonii Jurjević & Hubka, Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 2454. 2015. [MB 814440]. — Typus: PRM 933841. Ex-type: CCF 4999 = NRRL 66216. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Petersoniorum ser. Petersoniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LN849393; BenA = LN849407; CaM = LN849422; RPB2 = LN849438.

Aspergillus peyronelii Sappa, Allionia 2: 248. 1955. [MB 292855]. — Typus: Plate 1, subfigures 1–4, in Sappa 1955, Allionia 2: 249 (lectotype); a dried herbarium specimen derived from the culture IMI 139271 (PRM 933831) (lectotype). Ex-type: CBS 122.58 = CCF 4942 = NRRL 4754 = ATCC 16840 = IMI 139271 = QM 8160 = WB 4754. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Petersoniorum ser. Petersoniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LN849398; BenA = LN849412; CaM = LN849428; RPB2 = LN849443.

Aspergillus phialiformis Z.F. Zhang & L. Cai, Fungal Diversity 106: 79. 2021. [MB 556395]. — Typus: HMAS 248017. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.19314 = LC12536. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Canini. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK329068; BenA = MK336095; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = MK335974.

Aspergillus phialosimplex Z.F. Zhang & L. Cai, Fungal Diversity 106: 79. 2021. [MB 556396]. — Typus: HMAS 248007. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.19637 = LC12578. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Canini. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK329070; BenA = MK336097; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = MK335976.

Aspergillus pipericola Frisvad et al., Stud. Mycol. 93: 46. 2018. [MB 823774]. — Typus: CBS H-23362. Ex-type: CBS 143680 = DTO 228-H4 = IBT 24628. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG662385; BenA = MG517717; CaM = MG518087; RPB2 = MG517908.

Aspergillus pisce [as ‘pisci’] (A.D. Hocking & Pitt) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 812441]. — Typus: FRR 2732. Ex-type: FRR 2732 = ATCC 56982 = IMI 288726. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Polypaecilum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF362690; BenA = MF362691; CaM = MN969231; RPB2 = JN121415.

Aspergillus plumeriae C. Liu et al., J. Fungi 9 (10, no. 960): 13. 2023. [MB 571614]. — Typus: HMAS 247878. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25202. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Spelaei. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON563147; BenA = ON231292; CaM = ON470835; RPB2 = ON470843.

Aspergillus pluriseminatus (Stchigel & Guarro) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 155. 2014. [MB 809595]. — Typus: FMR 5588. Ex-type: CBS 100523 = FMR 5588 = IMI 370867 = DTO 011-H1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Multicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866566; BenA = AY339989; CaM = EU443988; RPB2 = KU866937.

Aspergillus polyporicola Hubka et al., Mycologia 107: 194. 2014. [MB 808145]. — Typus: PRM 923452. Ex-type: NRRL 32683 = CCF 4553. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Spelaei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669595; BenA = EU014088; CaM = EF669553; RPB2 = EF669637.

Aspergillus porosus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 113. 2017. [MB 818736]. — Typus: CBS H-22822. Ex-type: CBS 141770 = DTO 262-D7 = IBT 34443. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Chevalierorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT670961; BenA = LT671130; CaM = LT671131; RPB2 = LT671132.

Aspergillus porphyreostipitatus Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 112. 2014. [MB 809196]. — Typus: CBS H-21813. Ex-type: CBS 138203 = DTO 266-D9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Usti. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775564; BenA = KJ775080; CaM = KJ775338; RPB2 = KU866987.

Aspergillus posadasensis Y. Marín et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 64: 2874. 2014. [MB 803514]. — Typus: CBS-H 21131. Ex-type: FMR 12168 = CBS 134259 = NBRC 109845. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Clavati ser. Clavati. DNA barcodes: ITS = HG529483; BenA = HG529481; CaM = HG529488; RPB2 = HF954977.

Aspergillus pragensis Hubka et al., Med. Mycol. 52: 570. 2014. [MB 800371]. — Typus: PRM 922702. Ex-type: CCF 3962 = CBS 135591 = NRRL 62491 = IBT 32274. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi ser. Candidi. DNA barcodes: ITS = FR727138; BenA = HE661604; CaM = FR751452; RPB2 = LN849445.

Aspergillus proliferans G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 26: 26. 1943. [MB 284312]. — Typus: IMI 16105iii. Ex-type: CBS 121.45 = NRRL 1908 = IMI 016105ii = IMI 016105iii = IMI 16105 = LSHB BB.82 = MUCL 15625 = NCTC 6546 = QM 7462 = UC 4303 = WB 1908. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Aspergillus. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652064; BenA = EF651891; CaM = EF651988; RPB2 = EF651941.

Aspergillus pseudoalabamensis Cañ.-Gib. et al., Pathogens 12 (4, no. 579): 8. 2023. [MB 847407]. — Typus: H-25222. Ex-type: CBS 149790 = UTHSCSA DI16-489. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL765285; BenA = OL792694; CaM = OL764871; RPB2 = OL764876.

Aspergillus pseudodeflectus Samson & Mouch., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 40: 345. 1975. [MB 309236]. — Typus: CBS 756.74. Ex-type: CBS 756.74 = NRRL 6135. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652507; BenA = EF652331; CaM = EF652419; RPB2 = EF652243. Genome: GCF_044049435.

Aspergillus pseudoelegans Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 50: 35. 2004. [MB 500005]. — Typus: CBS H-13439. Ex-type: CBS 112796 = NRRL 35670 = IBT 23402. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Steyniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491590; BenA = EU014095; CaM = FJ491552; RPB2 = EF661281.

Aspergillus pseudoglaucus Blochwitz, Ann. Mycol. 27: 207. 1929. [MB 275429]. — Typus: IMI 016122ii. Ex-type: CBS 123.28 = NRRL 40 = ATCC 10066 = IMI 16122 = IMI 016122ii = LSHBA 19 = MUCL 15624 = QM 7463 = WB 40. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652050; BenA = EF651917; CaM = EF652007; RPB2 = EF651952.

Aspergillus pseudogracilis Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 216. 2017. [MB 818932]. — Typus: PRM 944434. Ex-type: CCF 5505 = EMSL No.2765 = DTO 356-F3 = NRRL 66620 = IBT 34813. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Restricti. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087634; BenA = KY117702; CaM = KY068186; RPB2 = KY117879.

Aspergillus pseudosclerotiorum Siqueira et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 55: 4. 2017. [MB 818572]. — Typus: CBS H-22808. Ex-type: CBS 141845 = FMR 14449 = UTHSCSA DI15-13. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT574713; BenA = LT574748; CaM = LT574783; RPB2 = LT574818.

Aspergillus pseudotamarii Yoko Ito et al., Mycol. Res. 105: 237. 2001. [MB 466527]. — Typus: BPI 746098. Ex-type: CBS 766.97 = NRRL 25517 = DTO 046-C1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Kitamyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF272574; BenA = EF203125; CaM = EF202030; RPB2 = EU021631.

Aspergillus pseudoterreus S.W. Peterson et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 53. 2011. [MB 560396]. — Typus: CBS H-20631. Ex-type: CBS 123890 = NRRL 4017. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669598; BenA = EF669523; CaM = EF669556; RPB2 = EF669640.

Aspergillus pseudoustus Frisvad et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 91. 2011. [MB 560403]. — Typus: CBS H-20637. Ex-type: CBS 123904 = NRRL 5856 = IBT 28161 = DTO 083-G3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Usti. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ531147; BenA = FJ531168; CaM = FJ531129; RPB2 = KU866978. Genome: GCA_044049465.

Aspergillus pseudoviridinutans Sugui et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 52: 3709. 2014. [MB 808637]. — Typus: NRRL 62904. Ex-type: CBS 140396 = NRRL 62904 = N1HAV1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431384; BenA = KJ914690; CaM = KJ914708; RPB2 = MN969102.

Aspergillus pulvericola Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 43. 2014. [MB 809200]. — Typus: CBS H-21793. Ex-type: CBS 137327 = DTO 267-C6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Steyniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775440; BenA = KJ775055; CaM = KJ775236; RPB2 = MN969088.

Aspergillus pulvinus Kwon-Chung & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 45. 1965. [MB 326651]. — Typus: IMI 139628. Ex-type: CBS 578.65 = NRRL 5078 = ATCC 16842 = IMI 139628 = QM 8937 = WB 5078. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Pulvini. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652159; BenA = EF652121; CaM = EF652139; RPB2 = EF652104.

Aspergillus puniceus Kwon-Chung & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 547. 1965. [MB 326652]. — Typus: IMI 126692. Ex-type: CBS 495.65 = NRRL 5077 = ATCC 16800 = IMI 126692 = QM 9812 = WB 5077. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Usti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652498; BenA = EF652322; CaM = EF652410; RPB2 = EF652234.

Aspergillus purpureocrustaceus Visagie, Stud. Mycol. 95: 285. 2020. [MB 834205]. — Typus: PREM 62264. Ex-type: PPRI 3840 = CMV 008B3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Multicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450653; BenA = MK451138; CaM = MK451515; RPB2 = MK450806.

Aspergillus purpureus Samson & Mouch., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 41: 350. 1975. [MB 309237]. — Typus: CBS 754.74. Ex-type: CBS 754.74 = CCF 5258 = NRRL 6133 = IMI 334937 = LCP 82.3323. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Aurantiobrunnei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652506; BenA = EF652330; CaM = EF652418; RPB2 = EF652242.

Aspergillus qilianyuensis X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 8 (3, no. 225): 12. 2022. [MB 570969]. — Typus: HMAS 247857. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20889. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Versicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = OM414847; BenA = OM475627; CaM = OM475631; RPB2 = OM475635.

Aspergillus qinqixianii Y. Horie et al., Mycoscience 41: 183. 2000. [MB 464660]. — Typus: CBM FA-0866. Ex-type: CBS 128788 = CBM FA-866 = IFM 55020 = DTO 098-H6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866600; BenA = AB524360; CaM = AB524051; RPB2 = KU866980.

Aspergillus quadricinctus E. Yuill, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 36: 57. 1953. [MB 292857]. — Typus: IMI 48583ii. Ex-type: CBS 135.52 = NRRL 2154 = ATCC 16897 = IMI 048583ii = IMI 48583 = QM 6874 = WB 2154 = DTO 050-E9 = DTO 164-I5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Brevipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669947; BenA = EF669806; CaM = EF669875; RPB2 = EF669735.

Aspergillus quadrilineatus Thom & Raper, Mycologia 31: 660. 1939. [MB 275888]. — Typus: IMI 89351. Ex-type: CBS 591.65 = NRRL 201 = ATCC 16816 = IMI 089351ii = IMI 89351 = LSHBA 546 = QM 7465 = Thom 4138.N8 = WB 201 = DTO 009-C7 = DTO 048-A9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652433; BenA = EF652257; CaM = EF652345; RPB2 = EF652169. Genome: GCA_013305525 & GCA_045791975.

Aspergillus rambellii Frisvad & Samson, Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 28: 449. 2005. [MB 501209]. — Typus: CBS 101887. Ex-type: CBS 101887 = ATCC 42001 = IBT 14580 = IBT 24753. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Ochraceorosei ser. Ochraceorosei. DNA barcodes: ITS = AJ874116; BenA = JN217228; CaM = KU866700; RPB2 = JN121416.

Aspergillus raperi Stolk & J.A. Mey, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 40: 190. 1957. [MB 292858]. — Typus: [dried culture from soil from] Zaire, Yangambi, Meyer (K). Ex-type: CBS 123.56 = NRRL 2641 = ATCC 16917 = IFO 6416 = IMI 70949 = NRRL 4778 = NRRL A-7462 = QM 1898 = WB 4221 = WB 4778. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Raperorum ser. Raperorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652454; BenA = EF652278; CaM = EF652366; RPB2 = EF652190.

Aspergillus recifensis A.C.R. Barros-Correia et al., Mycol. Prog. 19: 894. 2020. [MB 830081]. — Typus: URM 93050. Ex-type: URM 6605 = CBS 145864. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR536036; BenA = LR031370; CaM = LR031385; RPB2 = LR031400.

Aspergillus recurvatus Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 529. 1965. [MB 326653]. — Typus: IMI 36528. Ex-type: CBS 496.65 = NRRL 4902 = ATCC 16809 = IMI 136528 = O-566 = QM 7972 = WB 4902. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652482; BenA = EF652306; CaM = EF652394; RPB2 = EF652218. Genome: GCA_047715885.

Aspergillus restrictus G. Sm., J. Textile Inst. 22: 115. 1931. [MB 276290]. — Typus: IMI 16267. Ex-type: CBS 117.33 = CBS 541.65 = CCF 5506 = NRRL 154 = ATCC 16912 = B35855 = CECT2075 = IHEM 3920 = IMI 16267 = LSHBB B 94 = LSHTM 93 = MUCL 31313 = NCTC 6976 = NRRL 4155 = QM 1979 = Thom 5660.93 = UC 4312 = VTTD-77065 = WB 154. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Restricti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652042; BenA = EF651880; CaM = EF652029; RPB2 = EF651978.

Aspergillus reticulatus Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 219. 2017. [MB 818940]. — Typus: PRM 944442. Ex-type: NRRL 25852 = CCF 5516 = DTO 356-D4 = IBT 34540. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Penicillioides. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087765; BenA = KY117828; CaM = KY068315; RPB2 = KY118006.

Aspergillus rhizopodus J.N. Rai et al., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 64: 515. 1975. [MB 309240]. — Typus: CBS H-24284. Ex-type: CBS 450.75 = IMI 385057 = WB 5442. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Clavati ser. Clavati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU078652; BenA = EU076327; CaM = EF669926; RPB2 = MN969089.

Aspergillus robustus M. Chr. & Raper, Mycologia 70: 200. 1978. [MB 309241]. — Typus: NY WB 5286. Ex-type: CBS 428.77 = NRRL 6362 = ATCC 36106 = IMI 216610 = NRRL A-17351 = WB 5286. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Robusti ser. Robusti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661176; BenA = EU014101; CaM = EF661357; RPB2 = EF661033.

Aspergillus roseoglobulosus Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 50: 30. 2004. [MB 500001]. — Typus: CBS H-13438. Ex-type: CBS 112800 = NRRL 4565 = IBT 14720. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491583; BenA = AY819984; CaM = FJ491555; RPB2 = EF661299.

Aspergillus rouenensis Crous & Decock, Persoonia 48: 289. 2022. [MB 844262]. — Typus: CBS H-24987. Ex-type: CBS 149067 = CPC 41585 = MUCL 58110. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Salinarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON603782; BenA = ON605641; CaM = ON653193; RPB2 = ON653194.

Aspergillus ruber (J. König, Spieck. et W. Bremer) Thom & Church, Aspergilli: 112. 1926. [MB 276893]. — Typus: CBS 530.65. Ex-type: CBS 530.65 = NRRL 52 = ATCC 16441 = IMI 211380 = QM 1973 = Thom 5599B = WB 52. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652066; BenA = EF651920; CaM = EF652009; RPB2 = EF651947.

Aspergillus rugulosus Thom & Raper, Mycologia 31: 660. 1939. [MB 277104]. — Typus: IMI 136775. Ex-type: CBS 133.60 = NRRL 206 = ATCC 16820 = IMI 136775 = QM 1987 = Thom 4138.T11 = WB 206. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652434; BenA = EF652258; CaM = EF652346; RPB2 = EF652170.

Aspergillus saccharicola J.J. Silva et al., Stud. Mycol. 107: 16. 2024. [MB 849336]. — Typus: IBT 36126. Ex-type: 117-IT-SGC = IBT 36126. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP611470; BenA = ON529845; CaM = ON529844; RPB2 = ON529846. Genome: GCA_047496445.

Aspergillus saccharolyticus Sørensen et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 3081. 2011. [MB 518695]. — Typus: CBS H-24285. Ex-type: CBS 127449 = IBT 28509. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = HM853552; BenA = HM853553; CaM = HM853554; RPB2 = HF559235.

Aspergillus salinarum [as ‘salinarus’] (Greiner, Peršoh, Weig & Rambold) Zalar & Greiner, Extremophiles 21: 762. 2017. [MB 823688]. — Typus: DSM 27530. Ex-type: CBS 138583 = DSM 27530. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Salinarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980619; BenA = KY980547; CaM = KY980583; RPB2 = KY980445.

Aspergillus salinicola Zalar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 221. 2017. [MB 818941]. — Typus: PRM 944448. Ex-type: CCF 5526 = EXF10401 = IBT 34266 = NRRL 66621. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Penicillioides. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087722; BenA = KY117785; CaM = KY068272; RPB2 = KY117963.

Aspergillus salisburgensis Zalar et al., Extremophiles 21: 762. 2017. [MB 818564]. — Typus: CBS H-23061. Ex-type: EXF10247 = CBS 142047 = DTO 410-E7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Salinarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX900623; BenA = MN969414; CaM = MN969324; RPB2 = MN969191.

Aspergillus salwaensis Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 49. 2014. [MB 809201]. — Typus: QCC F001/14. Ex-type: CBS 138172 = DTO 297-B3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775447; BenA = KJ775056; CaM = KJ775244; RPB2 = MN969090.

Aspergillus savannensis A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 89. 2016. [MB 816096]. — Typus: CBS H-22495. Ex-type: CBS 140607 = IBT 23422 = DTO 059-H6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866581; BenA = KU866818; CaM = KU866704; RPB2 = KU866959.

Aspergillus scarthjohnsoniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 24: 3. 2023. [MB 901439]. — Typus: MST-F22295. Ex-type: MST-F22295. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Brevipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR731306; BenA = OR737773; CaM = OR737763; RPB2 = OR737768.

Aspergillus sclerotialis (W. Gams & Breton) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 157. 2014. [MB 809596]. — Typus: CBS 366.77. Ex-type: CBS 366.77 = IAM 14794. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Noonimiarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF267869; BenA = KY980579; CaM = MN969232; RPB2 = JN121505. Genome: GCA_003589665.

Aspergillus sclerotiicarbonarius Noonim et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 58: 1733. 2008. [MB 504407]. — Typus: CBS H-24285. Ex-type: CBS 121057 = IBT 121057. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Carbonarii. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU159216; BenA = EU159229; CaM = EU159235; RPB2 = MN969091. Genome: GCA_003184635.

Aspergillus sclerotioniger Samson & Frisvad, Stud. Mycol. 50: 57. 2004. [MB 500010]. — Typus: CBS H-13433. Ex-type: CBS 115572 = IBT 22905. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Carbonarii. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ900606; BenA = FJ629304; CaM = FN594557; RPB2 = HE984369. Genome: GCF_003184525.

Aspergillus sclerotiorum G.A. Huber, Phytopathology 23: 306. 1933. [MB 277707]. — Typus: IMI 56673. Ex-type: CBS 549.65 = NRRL 415 = IBT 11931 = ATCC 16892 = DSM 870 = IFO 7542 = IMI 56732 = IMI 56673 = LCP 89.2594 = QM 6732 = Thom 5351 = WB 415. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661400; BenA = EF661337; CaM = EF661384; RPB2 = EF661287.

Aspergillus seifertii Visagie, Stud. Mycol. 95: 289. 2020. [MB 834206]. — Typus: PREM 49066. Ex-type: PPRI 3211 = CMV 006F5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Clavati ser. Clavati. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450647; BenA = MK451093; CaM = MK451509; RPB2 = MK450800.

Aspergillus sergii P. Rodrigues et al., Mycologia 104: 693. 2012. [MB 561842]. — Typus: MUM-H 10.219. Ex-type: CBS 130017. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF412769; BenA = MG517688; CaM = MG518059; RPB2 = HM802985. Genome: GCA_009193525.

Aspergillus serratalhadensis L.F. Oliveira et al., Persoonia 40: 263. 2018. [MB 824978]. — Typus: URM 91189. Ex-type: URM 7866. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH169127; BenA = LT993222; CaM = LT993223; RPB2 = LT995971.

Aspergillus sesamicola Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 52. 2014. [MB 809202]. — Typus: CBS H-21792. Ex-type: CBS 137324 = IBT 29314 = DTO 148-B4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775437; BenA = KJ775063; CaM = KJ775233; RPB2 = MN969092.

Aspergillus shendaweii (Yaguchi, Abliz & Y. Horie) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 157. 2014. [MB 809597]. — Typus: CBM FA-0958. Ex-type: IFM 57611 = CBS 128793 = DTO 148-G9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431374; BenA = AB488754; CaM = AB488762; RPB2 = LC367696.

Aspergillus siamensis Manoch & Eamvijarn, Mycoscience 54: 403. 2013. [MB 561946]. — Typus: IFM 59793. Ex-type: KUFC 6349 = CBS 137452 = CCF 4927 = DTO 278-B6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431375; BenA = AB646989; CaM = AB776704; RPB2 = MN969093.

Aspergillus sibiricus V.A. Iliushin, Phytotaxa 531: 68. 2022. [MB 841752]. — Typus: LE F-341005. Ex-type: CBS 143307. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG587008; BenA = MG722970; CaM = MG722971; RPB2 = MG710809.

Aspergillus sichuanensis B.D. Sun et al., J. Fungi 8 (11, no. 1205): 10. 2022. [MB 837900]. — Typus: HMAS 248374. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.19706 = MN 18437. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN640762; BenA = MN635248; CaM = MN635259; RPB2 = MN635271.

Aspergillus sigarelli B.D. Sun et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 70: 9. 2020. [MB 833129]. — Typus: CBS H-22725. Ex-type: CBS 141579 = DTO 348-D4 = CGMCC 3.03936. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN640758; BenA = MN635244; CaM = MN635255; RPB2 = MN635267.

Aspergillus sigurros Visagie, Stud. Mycol. 95: 289. 2020. [MB 834207]. — Typus: PREM 62308. Ex-type: PPRI 15889 = CMV 005I4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450650; BenA = MK451066; CaM = MK451512; RPB2 = MK450803.

Aspergillus silvaticus [as ‘sylvaticus’] Fennell & Raper, Mycologia 47: 83. 1955. [MB 292859]. — Typus: IMI 61456. Ex-type: CBS 128.55 = NRRL 2398 = ATCC 16843 = ATCC 46904 = IFO 8173 = IMI 61456 = NRRL A-3107 = QM 1912 = WB 2398. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Silvatici ser. Silvatici. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652448; BenA = EF652272; CaM = EF652360; RPB2 = EF652184.

Aspergillus similanensis Dethoup, Mycotaxon 131: 9. 2016. [MB 810782]. — Typus: BCC 75436. Ex-type: KUFA 0012 = KUFA 0013. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fennelliarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = KM095494; CaM = KC920701; RPB2 = n.a.

Aspergillus sloanii Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 108. 2014. [MB 809194]. — Typus: CBS H-21811. Ex-type: CBS 138177 = CCF 4927 = DTO 245A1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775540; BenA = KJ775074; CaM = KJ775309; RPB2 = KX463365.

Aspergillus sojae Sakag. & K. Yamada, J. Agric. Chem. Soc. Japan 20: 72. 1944. [MB 102834]. — Typus: IMI 191300. Ex-type: CBS 100928 = CCF 3060 = DTO 046-C3 = IMI 191300. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ175434; BenA = KJ175494; CaM = KJ175550; RPB2 = MG517831.

Aspergillus solicola Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 157. 2014. [MB 809599]. — Typus: NRRL 35723. Ex-type: NRRL 35723. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU220279; BenA = MN969370; CaM = EU220284; RPB2 = MN969104.

Aspergillus sparsus Raper & Thom, Mycologia 36: 572. 1944. [MB 284314]. — Typus: IMI 19394. Ex-type: CBS 139.61 = NRRL 1933 = ATCC 16851 = IHEM 4377 = IMI 19394 = IMI 19394ii = MUCL 31314 = NCTC 6975 = QM 7470 = WB 1933. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Sparsi ser. Sparsi. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661181; BenA = EF661125; CaM = EF661173; RPB2 = EF661071. Genome: GCA_027569235.

Aspergillus spathulatus [as ‘spathulata’] Takada & Udagawa, Mycotaxon 24: 396. 1985. [MB 104019]. — Typus: NHL 2947. Ex-type: NRRL 20549 = ATCC 64222 = NHL 2948. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Spathulati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669943; BenA = EF669803; CaM = EF669872; RPB2 = EF669731.

Aspergillus spectabilis M. Chr. & Raper, Mycologia 70: 333. 1978. [MB 309243]. — Typus: NY RMFH 429. Ex-type: CBS 429.77 = CCF 5254 = NRRL 6363 = ATCC 36105 = IMI 216611 = RMFH429. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652510; BenA = EU482437; CaM = EF652422; RPB2 = EF652246. Genome: GCA_047715635.

Aspergillus spelaeus A. Nováková et al., Mycologia 107: 194. 2014. [MB 808146]. — Typus: PRM 923462. Ex-type: CCF 4425 = CMF ISB 2615 = CBS 134371 = NRRL 62826. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Spelaei. DNA barcodes: ITS = HG915905; BenA = HG916698; CaM = HG916741; RPB2 = HG916719.

Aspergillus spelunceus [as ‘speluneus’] Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 457. 1965. [MB 326656]. — Typus: IMI 211389. Ex-type: CBS 497.65 = NRRL 4989 = ATCC 16838 = IMI 211389 = NRRL A-3676 = QM 8898 = WB 4989. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Speluncei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652490; BenA = EF652314; CaM = EF652402; RPB2 = EF652226.

Aspergillus spinosus Kozak., Mycol. Pap. 161: 58. 1989. [MB 127763]. — Typus: IMI 211390. Ex-type: CBS 483.65 = NRRL 5034 = ATCC 16898 = IFO 8782 = IMI 211390 = NRRL A-1148 = QM 8888 = WB 5034 = DTO 050-D9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669988; BenA = EF669844; CaM = EF669914; RPB2 = EF669775.

Aspergillus spinulosporus Hubka et al., Plant Syst. Evol. 302: 1290. 2016. [MB 816282]. — Typus: IMI 061454. Ex-type: CBS 120.55 = NRRL 2395 = ATCC 16825 = IMI 61454 = LCP 84.2557 = QM 1909 = WB 2395. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652445; BenA = EF652269; CaM = EF652357; RPB2 = EF652181. Genome: GCA_003574815 & GCA_047715645.

Aspergillus stella-maris Zalar et al., Mycologia 100: 789. 2008. [MB 507363]. — Typus: CBS H-19887. Ex-type: CBS 113638 = IBT 23439. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU448269; BenA = KU866886; CaM = EU443978; RPB2 = KU866925. Genome: GCA_047715825.

Aspergillus stellatus Curzi, Rendic. Accad. naz. Lincei 19: 428. 1934. [MB 254841]. — Typus: Bowenpilly near Secundarabad, s. coll., (K). Ex-type: CBS 598.65 = NRRL 1858 = ATCC 16819 = IMI 136778 = QM 6835 = WB 1858. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652426; BenA = EF652250; CaM = EF652338; RPB2 = EF652162.

Aspergillus stelliformis F. Sklenar et al., Mycologia 112: 363. 2020. [MB 832711]. — Typus: PRM 951569. Ex-type: CCF 5375 = EMSL No.2293 = NRRL 66885. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK713531; BenA = MK695638; CaM = MK695649; RPB2 = MK695660.

Aspergillus stercorarius A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 100. 2016. [MB 816094]. — Typus: CBS H-22496. Ex-type: CBS 428.93 = IBT 28024 = DTO 320-B3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866625; BenA = KU866865; CaM = KU866763; RPB2 = KU867026.

Aspergillus steynii Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 50: 39. 2004. [MB 500006]. — Typus: CBS H-13445. Ex-type: CBS 112812 = NRRL 35675 = IBT 23096. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Steyniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661416; BenA = EF661347; CaM = EF661378; RPB2 = JN121428. Genome: GCF_002849105.

Aspergillus stramenius R.O. Novak & Raper, Gen. Aspergillus: 260. 1965. [MB 326658]. — Typus: IMI 172293. Ex-type: CBS 498.65 = NRRL 4652 = ATCC 16895 = IFO 9611 = IMI 172293 = QM 8900 = WB 4652 = DTO 046-E3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Neoglabri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669984; BenA = EF669840; CaM = EF669910; RPB2 = EF669771.

Aspergillus striatus J.N. Rai et al., Canad. J. Bot. 42: 1521. 1964. [MB 326659]. — Typus: IMI 96679. Ex-type: CBS 283.67 = CBS 592.65 = NRRL 4699 = ATCC 16815 = IMI 96679 = QM 8901 = WB 4699. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652470; BenA = EF652294; CaM = EF652382; RPB2 = EF652206.

Aspergillus stromatoides Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 421. 1965. [MB 326660]. — Typus: IMI 123750. Ex-type: CBS 500.65 = NRRL 4519 = ATCC 16854 = ATCC 24485 = IMI 123750 = QM 8959 = QM 8974 = WB 4519. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Cremei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652146; BenA = EF652122; CaM = EF652127; RPB2 = EF652098.

Aspergillus subalbidus Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 101. 2014. [MB 809190]. — Typus: CBS H-21807. Ex-type: CBS 567.65 = CCF 5822 = ATCC 16871 = IMI 230752 = NRRL 312. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi ser. Candidi. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ866983; BenA = MN969366; CaM = EF669551; RPB2 = MN969094.

Aspergillus subflavus Hubka et al., Stud. Mycol. 93: 46. 2018. [MB 823776]. — Typus: CBS H-23364. Ex-type: CBS 143683 = DTO 326-E8 = CCF 4957 = NRRL 66254 = IBT 34939. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH279429; BenA = MG517773; CaM = MG518143; RPB2 = MG517964.

Aspergillus subinflatus C. Liu et al., J. Fungi 9 (10, no. 960): 14. 2023. [MB 571615]. — Typus: HMAS 247879. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25203. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Inflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON563146; BenA = ON231291; CaM = ON470834; RPB2 = ON470845.

Aspergillus sublatus Y. Horie, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 20: 481. 1979. [MB 118407]. — Typus: IFM 4553. Ex-type: IFO 30906 = IMI 334870 = NBRC 30906 = IFM 4553. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866683; BenA = KU866920; CaM = KU866804; RPB2 = KU867069.

Aspergillus sublevisporus Someya et al., Mycoscience 40: 405. 1999. [MB 459822]. — Typus: CBM PF-1207. Ex-type: CBS 128796 = IFM 53598 = DTO 148-H3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fennelliarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431376; BenA = AB488759; CaM = AB488767; RPB2 = MN969095.

Aspergillus subnutans A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 85: 83. 2016. [MB 817726]. — Typus: CBS H-22728. Ex-type: CBS 129386 = DTO 202-C2 = WSF 445 = IBT 34352. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Cervini. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX528456; BenA = KX528454; CaM = KX528455; RPB2 = KX528453.

Aspergillus subramanianii Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 55. 2014. [MB 809203]. — Typus: CBS H-21791. Ex-type: CBS 138230 = NRRL 6161 = ATCC 18413. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661403; BenA = EF661339; CaM = EF661397; RPB2 = EF661289.

Aspergillus subsessilis Raper & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 530. 1965. [MB 119551]. — Typus: IMI 135820. Ex-type: CBS 502.65 = NRRL 4905 = ATCC 16808 = IMI 135820 = O-325 = QM 8035 = WB 4905. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Cavernicolarum ser. Cavernicolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652485; BenA = EF652309; CaM = EF652397; RPB2 = EF652221.

Aspergillus subversicolor Jurjević et al., IMA Fungus 3: 72. 2012. [MB 800603]. — Typus: BPI 880918. Ex-type: CBS 145751 = NRRL 58999 = DTO 225-G9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Versicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = JQ301894; BenA = JN853970; CaM = JN854010; RPB2 = JN853799.

Aspergillus sulphureoviridis A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 103. 2016. [MB 816097]. — Typus: CBS H-22497. Ex-type: CBS 140626 = IBT 21868 = DTO 325-D1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866673; BenA = KU866911; CaM = KU866793; RPB2 = KU867058.

Aspergillus suttoniae J.P.Z. Siqueira et al., Mycosis 61: 820. 2018. [MB 823689]. — Typus: CBS H-23243. Ex-type: UTHSCSA DI14-215 = FMR 13523. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Flavipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT899487; BenA = LT899536; CaM = LT899589; RPB2 = LT899644.

Aspergillus sydowii (Bainier & Sartory) Thom & Church, Aspergilli: 147. 1926. [MB 279636]. — Typus: IMI 211384. Ex-type: CBS 593.65 = NRRL 250 = IMI 211384 = NRRL 254. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Versicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652450; BenA = EF652274; CaM = EF652362; RPB2 = EF652186. Genome: GCF_001890705.

Aspergillus taichungensis Yaguchi et al., Mycoscience 36: 421. 1995. [MB 434473]. — Typus: CBM PF-1167. Ex-type: IBT 19404 = DTO 031-C6 = CCF 5597. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi ser. Candidi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431377; BenA = MN969367; CaM = EU076310; RPB2 = MN969096. Genome: GCA_002850765.

Aspergillus takadae Y. Horie et al., Mycoscience 60: 358. 2019. [MB 827072]. — Typus: CBM FA-929-3H. Ex-type: IFM 62979 = CBM-FA-929-1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Spathulati. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = LC367646; CaM = LC367657; RPB2 = LC367699.

Aspergillus takakii Y. Horie et al., Mycoscience 103: 91. 1999. [MB 467818]. — Typus: CBM FA-884. Ex-type: CBM FA-884 = IFM 53599 = CBS 137454 = DTO 278-B8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fumigati. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431378; BenA = AB787221; CaM = AB787566; RPB2 = MN969097.

Aspergillus tamarii Kita, Centralbl. Bakteriol., Abt. 2 37: 433. 1913. [MB 191425]. — Typus: CBS 104.13. Ex-type: CBS 104.13 = NRRL 20818 = QM 9374. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Kitamyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF004929; BenA = EF661474; CaM = EF661526; RPB2 = EU021629.

Aspergillus tamarindosoli A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 123. 2017. [MB 818737]. — Typus: CBS H-22826. Ex-type: CBS 141775 = DTO 054-A8 = IBT 34432. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Tamarindosolorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT670981; BenA = LT671191; CaM = LT671192; RPB2 = LT671193.

Aspergillus tanneri Kwon-Chung et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 50: 3312. 2012. [MB 801149]. — Typus: BPI 882529. Ex-type: NRRL 62426 = NIH 1005 = ATCC MYA-4905. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Tannerorum ser. Tannerorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC178688; BenA = JN896577; CaM = JN896578; RPB2 = JN896580.

Aspergillus tardicrescens Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 221. 2017. [MB 818942]. — Typus: PRM 944439. Ex-type: CCF 5529 = DTO 316-B5 = IBT 34558 = NRRL 66623. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Penicillioides. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087710; BenA = KY117772; CaM = KY068259; RPB2 = KY117951.

Aspergillus tardus Bissett & Widden, Canad. J. Bot. 62: 2521. 1984. [MB 105071]. — Typus: DAOM 183872. Representative strain: CBS 433.93 = DAOM 175187. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Inflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ531045; BenA = FJ531001; CaM = FJ531084; RPB2 = n.a.

Aspergillus tasmanicus Hubka et al., Plant Syst. Evol. 303: 801. 2017. [MB 819519]. — Typus: PRM 933840. Ex-type: CBS 283.66 = KACC 41141 = IBT 3211 = NBRC 8008. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB185279; BenA = AY685180; CaM = AY689367; RPB2 = LN874010.

Aspergillus tatenoi Y. Horie et al., Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 33: 395. 1992. [MB 358433]. — Typus: CBM FA-0022. Ex-type: CBM FA-0022 = CBS 407.93 = NRRL 4584 = DTO 046-E4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Thermomutati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669982; BenA = EF669838; CaM = EF669908; RPB2 = EF669769.

Aspergillus telluris B.D. Sun et al., Phytotaxa 455: 146. 2020. [MB 834494]. — Typus: HMAS 248375. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.19701. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Canini. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN640767; BenA = MN635253; CaM = MN635264; RPB2 = MN635276.

Aspergillus templicola Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 103. 2014. [MB 809191]. — Typus: CBS H-21808. Ex-type: CBS 138181 = DTO 270-C6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Flavipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775545; BenA = KJ775092; CaM = KJ775394; RPB2 = KP987017.

Aspergillus tenebricus Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 102: 45. 2022. [MB 844203]. — Typus: PRM 957108. Ex-type: CBS 147048 = DTO 337-H7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi ser. Candidi. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON156389; BenA = ON164584; CaM = ON164623; RPB2 = ON164532.

Aspergillus teporis A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 123. 2017. [MB 818738]. — Typus: CBS H-22821. Ex-type: CBS 141768 = DTO 058-E5 = IBT 34513. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Teporium. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT670982; BenA = LT671194; CaM = LT671195; RPB2 = LT671196.

Aspergillus terreus Thom, Amer. J. Bot. 5: 85. 1918. [MB 191719]. — Typus: IMI 17294. Ex-type: CBS 601.65 = CCF 3059 = NRRL 255 = ATCC 10071 = ATCC 1012 = IFO 33026 = IMI 017294ii = IMI 17294 = JCM 10257 = LSHBA c.24 = MUCL 38640 = NCTC 981 = NRRL 543 = QM 1 = QM 1991 = Thom 144 = VKMF67 = WB 255. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669586; BenA = EF669519; CaM = EF669544; RPB2 = EF669628.

Aspergillus thailandensis Tanney et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 255. 2017. [MB 822734]. — Typus: DAOM 745798. Ex-type: DAOMC 251755 = UAMH 11840 = CBS 143383 = KAS 8126 = SLOAN 4554 = PN10TH-749. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Noonimiarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980642; BenA = KY980570; CaM = KY980606; RPB2 = KY980467.

Aspergillus thermomutatus (Paden) S.W. Peterson, Mycol. Res. 96: 549. 1992. [MB 358403]. — Typus: BPI 1108305. Ex-type: CBS 208.92 = NRRL 20748 = DTO 051-D7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Thermomutati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669946; BenA = EF669805; CaM = EF669874; RPB2 = EF669734.

Aspergillus thesauricus Hubka & A. Nováková, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 62: 2784. 2012. [MB 564187]. — Typus: PRM 860609. Ex-type: NRRL 62487 = CCF 4166 = CMFISB 2155. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = HE615088; BenA = HE615095; CaM = HE615120; RPB2 = HE615126.

Aspergillus tibetensis B.D. Sun et al., J. Fungi 8 (11, no. 1205): 12. 2022. [MB 837901]. — Typus: HMAS 248371. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.19707 = MN 110445. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Aenei ser. Aenei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN640763; BenA = MN635249; CaM = MN635260; RPB2 = MN635272.

Aspergillus togoensis (Henn.) Samson & Seifert, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 419. 1985. [MB 114720]. — Typus: BR B 1009. Ex-type: CBS 205.75 = NRRL 13551 = LCP 67.3456 (CBS 272.89 (representative strain sequenced)). Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Coremiiformes. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431379; BenA = FJ491477; CaM = FJ491489; RPB2 = JN121479.

Aspergillus tonophilus Ohtsuki, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 75: 438. 1962. [MB 326663]. — Typus: IMI 108299. Ex-type: CBS 405.65 = CCF 5592 = NRRL 5124 = ATCC 16440 = ATCC 36504 = IMI 108299 = QM 8599 = WB 5124. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652081; BenA = EF651919; CaM = EF652000; RPB2 = EF651969.

Aspergillus transcarpathicus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 85: 83. 2016. [MB 817727]. — Typus: CBS H-22727. Ex-type: CBS 423.68 = DTO 022-C7 = IBT 22080 = IMI 134108 = VKM F-1331. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Cervini. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491624; BenA = FJ491632; CaM = FJ491610; RPB2 = KX423680.

Aspergillus transmontanensis P. Rodrigues et al., Mycologia 104: 694. 2012. [MB 561843]. — Typus: MUM-H 10.214. Ex-type: CBS 130015 = DTO 223-C7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Flavi. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF412774; BenA = HM803101; CaM = HM803020; RPB2 = HM802980.

Aspergillus trinidadensis Jurjević et al., IMA Fungus 3: 170. 2012. [MB 802364]. — Typus: BPI 883908. Ex-type: NRRL 62479 = ITEM 14821 = DTO 198-D1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431380; BenA = HE984420; CaM = HE984434; RPB2 = HE984379.

Aspergillus trisporus Souza et al., Curr. Res. Environ. & Appl. Mycol. 9: 179. 2019. [MB 556635]. — Typus: CCDCA FI15. Ex-type: CML 3603. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Janorum ser. Janorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF616388; BenA = MF616387; CaM = MN013146; RPB2 = MF616389.

Aspergillus tsunodae (Yaguchi, Abliz & Y. Horie) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 157. 2014. [MB 809600]. — Typus: CBM FA-0950. Ex-type: CBS 128794 = CCF 4573 = IFM 57609 = NBRC 106416 = DTO 148-H1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = HE974447; BenA = AB488755; CaM = AB488763; RPB2 = HE974400.

Aspergillus tsurutae Y. Horie, Mycoscience 44: 399. 2003. [MB 489534]. — Typus: CBM FA-933. Ex-type: CBM FA-933 = CBS 137455 = IFM 56811 = DTO 279-D5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Brevipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431382; BenA = AB488760; CaM = AB488768; RPB2 = MN969099.

Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray, La Cellule 43: 245. 1934. [MB 255209]. — Typus: CBS H-24288. Ex-type: NRRL 4875 = QM 8904 = WB 4875 = CBS 133056. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Nigri. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661193; BenA = EF661086; CaM = EF661151; RPB2 = EF661055.

Aspergillus tumidus J.P.Z. Siqueira et al., Persoonia 40: 261. 2018. [MB 823690]. — Typus: CBS H-23244. Ex-type: FMR 15743 = CBS 143587. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Multicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT903691; BenA = LT903682; CaM = LT903685; RPB2 = LT903688.

Aspergillus turcosus S.B. Hong et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 93: 97. 2008. [MB 506378]. — Typus: KACC 42091. Ex-type: KACC 42091 = DTO 035-E7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431383; BenA = DQ534143; CaM = DQ534148; RPB2 = HF545310.

Aspergillus turkensis Varga et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 91. 2011. [MB 560404]. — Typus: CBS H-20638. Ex-type: CBS 504.65 = NRRL A-3261 = NRRL 4993 = ATCC 16799 = IMI 135420. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Deflecti. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ531160; BenA = FJ531191; CaM = FJ531145; RPB2 = EF652230.

Aspergillus udagawae Y. Horie et al., Mycoscience 36: 199. 1995. [MB 412533]. — Typus: CBM FA-0711; PRM 945579 (epitype). Ex-type: IFM 46972 = CBS 114217 = DTO 157-D7 = CBM-FA 0702 = KACC 41155 = CCF 4558. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB185265; BenA = LT796063; CaM = LT796064; RPB2 = LT796085. Genome: GCA_010723835.

Aspergillus undulatus H.Z. Kong & Z.T. Qi, Acta Mycol. Sin. 4: 211. 1985. [MB 129004]. — Typus: HMAS 47644. Ex-type: CBS 261.88 = DTO 011-A1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU448275; BenA = EF428363; CaM = EU443989; RPB2 = KU866928. Genome: GCA_047715775.

Aspergillus unguis (Émile-Weill & L. Gaudin) Thom & Raper, Mycologia 31: 667. 1939. [MB 255264]. — Typus: IMI 136526. Ex-type: CBS 132.55 = CCF 5262 = NRRL 2393 = ATCC 16812 = IMI 136526 = NRRL A-2391 = NRRL A-445 = QM 25B = WB 2393. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Unguium. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652443; BenA = EF652267; CaM = EF652355; RPB2 = EF652179. Genome: GCA_047715655.

Aspergillus unilateralis Thrower, Austral. J. Bot. 2: 355. 1954. [MB 292862]. — Typus: IMI 62876. Ex-type: CBS 126.56 = CCF 4114 = NRRL 577 = ATCC 16902 = IFO 8136 = IMI 62876 = QM 8163 = WB 4366 = WB 4779 = DTO 001-E6 = DTO 050-F4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669997; BenA = EF669852; CaM = EF669923; RPB2 = EF669784.

Aspergillus urmiensis Arzanlou et al., Mycol. Prog. 15: 1089. 2016. [MB 817474]. — Typus: CBS H-22671. Ex-type: CBS 139558 = CCTU 742 = IBT 32593 = DTO 203-C2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Flavipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP987073; BenA = KP987041; CaM = KP987056; RPB2 = KP987030.

Aspergillus ustus (Bainier) Thom & Church, Aspergilli: 152. 1926. [MB 281216]. — Typus: IMI 211805. Ex-type: CBS 261.67 = NRRL 275 = ATCC 1041 = ATCC 16818 = IMI 211805 = QM 7477 = WB 275. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Usti. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652455; BenA = EF652279; CaM = EF652367; RPB2 = EF652191.

Aspergillus uvarum G. Perrone et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 58: 1036. 2008. [MB 510962]. — Typus: IMI 388523. Ex-type: CBS 121591 = IBT 26606 = IMI 388523 = ITEM 4834. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = AM745757; BenA = AM745751; CaM = AM745755; RPB2 = HE984370. Genome: GCF_003184745.

Aspergillus vadensis Samson et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 87: 201. 2005. [MB 340234]. — Typus: CBS 113365. Ex-type: CBS 113365 = CECT20584 = IMI 313493. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Nigri. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY585549; BenA = AY585531; CaM = FN594560; RPB2 = HE984371. Genome: GCF_003184925.

Aspergillus vandermerwei Frisvad et al., Stud. Mycol. 93: 46. 2018. [MB 823777]. — Typus: CBS H-23381. Ex-type: CBS 612.78 = DTO 069-D2 = DTO 034-B5 = NRRL 5108 = CCF 5683 = IBT 13876. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Alliacei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661567; BenA = EF661469; CaM = EF661540; RPB2 = MG517838.

Aspergillus varians Wehmer, Bot. Centralbl. 80: 460. 1899. [MB 172782]. — Typus: IMI 172297. Ex-type: CBS 505.65 = NRRL 4793 = ATCC 16836 = IFO 4114 = IMI 172297 = WB 4793. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Speluncei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652479; BenA = EF652303; CaM = EF652391; RPB2 = EF652215. Genome: GCA_047715575.

Aspergillus venezuelensis Frisvad & Samson, Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 27: 678. 2004. [MB 368544]. — Typus: CBS 868.97. Ex-type: CBS 868.97 = IBT 20956 = DTO 011-A4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = AJ874119; BenA = AY339998; CaM = EU443977; RPB2 = KU866931. Genome: GCA_047715615.

Aspergillus verrucosus R. Hagiuda & D. Horise, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 73: 6. 2023. [MB 844380]. — Typus: TNS-F-97540. Ex-type: NBRC 115547 = IFM 68003. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Halophilici. DNA barcodes: ITS = LC704679; BenA = LC704688; CaM = LC704682; RPB2 = LC704685. Genome: GCA_039955225.

Aspergillus versicolor (Vuill.) Tirab., Ann. Bot. (Roma) 7: 9. 1908. [MB 172159]. — Typus: CBS 538.65. Ex-type: CBS 583.65 = NRRL 238 = ATCC 9577 = IFO 33027 = IMI 229970 = JCM 10258 = QM 7478 = Thom 5519.57 = WB 238. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Versicolores. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652442; BenA = EF652266; CaM = EF652354; RPB2 = EF652178. Genome: GCF_001890125.

Aspergillus villosus Sklenar et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 224. 2017. [MB 818933]. — Typus: PRM 944430. Ex-type: NRRL 25813 = CCF 5531 = DTO 356-C9 = IBT 34822. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Restricti. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY087752; BenA = KY117815; CaM = KY068302; RPB2 = KY117993.

Aspergillus violaceus Fennell & Raper, Mycologia 47: 75. 1955. [MB 292863]. — Typus: IMI 61449. Ex-type: CBS 138.55 = CCF 5260 = NRRL 2240 = ATCC 16813 = CECT2587 = IFO 8106 = IMI 061449ii = IMI 61449 = LCP 82.3318 = NRRL A-3156 = QM 1905 = UC 4511 = WB 2240. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Nidulantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652438; BenA = EF652262; CaM = EF652350; RPB2 = EF652174.

Aspergillus viridicatenatus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 112. 2016. [MB 816088]. — Typus: CBS H-22498. Ex-type: CBS 140629 = IBT 31492 = DTO 325-F4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Speluncei. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866682; BenA = KX423621; CaM = KU866802; RPB2 = KU867067.

Aspergillus viridinutans Ducker & Thrower, Austral. J. Bot. 2: 355. 1954. [MB 292864]. — Typus: IMI 62875. Ex-type: CBS 127.56 = CCF 4382 = CCF 4568 = NRRL 4365 = NRRL 4782 = NRRL 576 = NRRL A-16083 = NRRL A-6281 = ATCC 16901 = IMI 367415 = IMI 62875 = WB 4081 = WB 4365 = WB 4782. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669978; BenA = EF669834; CaM = EF669904; RPB2 = EF669765.

Aspergillus vitricola Ohtsuki, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 75: 436. 1962. [MB 326665]. — Typus: CBS H-24290. Ex-type: NRRL 5125 = CCF 5533 = ATCC 16905 = ATCC 36505 = IMI 108298 = WB 5125. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Restricti ser. Vitricolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652046; BenA = EF651927; CaM = EF652035; RPB2 = EF651973.

Aspergillus waksmanii Hubka et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 63: 786. 2013. [MB 801063]. — Typus: PRM 860537. Ex-type: NRRL 179 = CCF 4266 = Thom 4138.H52 = IBT 31900 = DTO 239-D8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Unilaterales. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669934; BenA = EF669794; CaM = EF669863; RPB2 = EF669722.

Aspergillus waynelawii Tanney et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 255. 2017. [MB 822735]. — Typus: DAOM 745796. Ex-type: DAOMC 251751 = UAMH 11926 = CBS 143384 = KAS 8123 = SLOAN 7951a = WL03MI-231. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Noonimiarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980639; BenA = KY980567; CaM = KY980603; RPB2 = KY980464.

Aspergillus wentii Wehmer, Centralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk. 2: 149. 1896. [MB 172623]. — Typus: IMI 17295. Ex-type: CBS 104.07 = NRRL 375 = ATCC 1023 = IMI 17295 = NCTC 597 = NRRL 1269 = QM 7479 = Thom 116 = WB 375. Infragen. class.: subgen. Cremei sect. Cremei ser. Wentiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652151; BenA = EF652106; CaM = EF652131; RPB2 = EF652092.

Aspergillus westerdijkiae Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 50: 30. 2004. [MB 500000]. — Typus: CBS H-13444. Ex-type: CBS 112803 = NRRL 3174 = IBT 10738 = ATCC 22947 = IBT 10738 = MUCL 39539. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF661427; BenA = EF661329; CaM = EF661360; RPB2 = EF661307.

Aspergillus westlandensis Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 59. 2014. [MB 809204]. — Typus: CBS H-21795. Ex-type: CBS 137321 = IBT 32139 = DTO 231-A9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Circumdati. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775434; BenA = KJ775066; CaM = KJ775230; RPB2 = MN969101.

Aspergillus whitfieldii Tanney et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 258. 2017. [MB 822736]. — Typus: DAOM 745799. Ex-type: DAOMC 251760 = UAMH 11842 = CBS 143385 = KAS 8129 = SLOAN 4178 = PN08TH-523. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Whitfieldiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY980645; BenA = KY980573; CaM = KY980609; RPB2 = KY980470.

Aspergillus wisconsinensis A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 85: 86. 2016. [MB 817728]. — Typus: CBS H-9203. Ex-type: CBS 413.64 = DTO 022-B1 = NRRL 5027 = IBT 22042 = IBT 22082 = WSF 380 = DTO 070-A5 = WB 5027. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Cervini ser. Cervini. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ491618; BenA = FJ491638; CaM = FJ491609; RPB2 = KX423671.

Aspergillus wyomingensis A. Nováková et al., Fungal Diversity 64: 270. 2014. [MB 803936]. — Typus: PRM 861504. Ex-type: CCF 4417 = CMF ISB 2494 = CBS 135456 = DTO 332-B1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = HG324081; BenA = HF933359; CaM = HF933397; RPB2 = HF937378.

Aspergillus xerophilus Samson & Mouch., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 41: 348. 1975. [MB 309251]. — Typus: CBS 938.73. Ex-type: CBS 938.73 = CCF 5593 = NRRL 6131. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Xerophili. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF652085; BenA = EF651923; CaM = EF651983; RPB2 = EF651970.

Aspergillus xishaensis X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 8 (3, no. 225): 13. 2022. [MB 570970]. — Typus: HMAS 247858. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20890. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavipedes ser. Flavipedes. DNA barcodes: ITS = OM414848; BenA = OM475628; CaM = OM475632; RPB2 = OM475636.

Aspergillus yunnanensis W.J. Cai et al., Mycoscience 61: 72. 2019. [MB 831500]. — Typus: HMAS 248248. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.19711. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Janorum ser. Janorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN066373; BenA = MN072909; CaM = MN072911; RPB2 = MN072913.

Aspergillus zutongqii A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 88: 129. 2017. [MB 818739]. — Typus: CBS H-22824. Ex-type: CBS 141773 = CGMCC 3.13917 = DTO 349-E1 = IBT 34450. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergillus sect. Aspergillus ser. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT670986; BenA = LT671206; CaM = LT671207; RPB2 = LT671208.

Dendrosphaera

Dendrosphaera eberhardtii Pat., Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 23: 69. 1907. [MB 183425]. — Typus: Patouillard 1907, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 23: Pl. VIII, Fig. 1. (lectotype MBT392299). Ex-type: unknown. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a. Notes: No material is available of D. eberhardtii, the only described species of the genus. This was discussed in Houbraken et al. (2020) who tentatively classified the genus in Trichocomaceae. We follow this here.

Evansstolkia

Evansstolkia leycettana (H.C. Evans & Stolk) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 89. 2020. [MB 832558]. — Typus: CBS 398.68. Ex-type: CBS 398.68 = ATCC 22469 = IMI 178525 = JCM12814 = NRRL 5178. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF454080; BenA = GU092791; CaM = GU092837; RPB2 = EU021654. Genome: GCA_000787455.

Hamigera

Hamigera avellanea (Thom & Turesson) Stolk & Samson, Persoonia 6: 345. 1971. [MB 314868]. — Typus: CBS 295.48. Ex-type: CBS 295.48 = ATCC 10414 = CECT2265 = DSM2208 = IMI 40230 = NRRL 1938. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF454075; BenA = EU021664; CaM = EU021682; RPB2 = EU021627. Genome: GCA_027569715.

Hamigera brevicompacta (H.Z. Kong) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 89. 2020. [MB 832579]. — Typus: HMAS 62770. Ex-type: CBS 102661 = AS 3.4676. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431402; BenA = MN969421; CaM = MN969342; RPB2 = MN969203.

Hamigera fusca S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 102: 857. 2010. [MB 516020]. — Typus: BPI 879307. Ex-type: CBS 132829 = DTO 194-D6 = NRRL 35601. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU092938; BenA = GU092780; CaM = GU092813; RPB2 = GU111755.

Hamigera inflata S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 102: 854. 2010. [MB 516017]. — Typus: BPI 879308. Ex-type: NRRL 58014. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU092949; BenA = GU092793; CaM = GU092823; RPB2 = GU092908.

Hamigera ingelheimensis (J.F.H. Beyma) S.W. Peterson, Mycology 5: 105. 2014. [MB 807715]. — Typus: IMI 234977. Ex-type: CBS 163.42 = DTO 027-G9 = FRR 2110 = IMI 234977 = NRRL 2110. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431403; BenA = GU092756; CaM = GU092829; RPB2 = GU092912.

Hamigera insecticola S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 102: 852. 2010. [MB 516016]. — Typus: BPI 879309. Ex-type: CBS 132828 = DTO 194-D5 = NRRL 35386. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF634410; BenA = GU092773; CaM = GU092816; RPB2 = GU111754.

Hamigera pallida S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 102: 856. 2010. [MB 516019]. — Typus: BPI 879310. Ex-type: CBS 132830 = DTO 194-D7 = NRRL 35718. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU092950; BenA = GU092786; CaM = GU092824; RPB2 = GU111758.

Hamigera paravellanea S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 102: 852. 2010. [MB 516015]. — Typus: BPI 879311. Ex-type: CBS 132831 = DTO 194-D8 = NRRL 35720. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU092952; BenA = GU092788; CaM = GU092826; RPB2 = GU092919.

Hamigera terricola S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 102: 855. 2010. [MB 516018]. — Typus: BPI 879312. Ex-type: CBS 132827 = DTO 194-D4 = NRRL 29055. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU092946; BenA = GU092759; CaM = GU092811; RPB2 = GU111751.

Leiothecium

Leiothecium cristatum Y. Marín et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 64: 2873. 2014. [MB 803513]. — Typus: CBS-H 21130. Ex-type: CBS 134260 = FMR11998 = NBRC 109843. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF732838; BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = HF954976.

Leiothecium ellipsoideum Samson & Mouch., Canad. J. Bot. 53: 1634. 1975. [MB 316445]. — Typus: CBS 607.74. Ex-type: CBS 607.74 = ATCC 32453. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF732839; BenA = KY709178; CaM = KY611939; RPB2 = JN121541.

Monascus

Monascus argentinensis Stchigel & Guarro, Stud. Mycol. 50: 301. 2004. [MB 500076]. — Typus: FMR 6778. Ex-type: CBS 109402 = FMR 6778. Infragen. class: sect. Floridani. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF922046; BenA = KY709174; CaM = KY611935; RPB2 = JN121423.

Monascus flavipigmentosus R.N. Barbosa et al., Stud. Mycol. 86: 43. 2017. [MB 820072]. — Typus: URM 90064. Ex-type: CBS 142366 = URM7536 = DTO 353-A2. Infragen. class: sect. Floridani. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY511751; BenA = KY709168; CaM = KY611929; RPB2 = MN969201.

Monascus floridanus P.F. Cannon & E.L. Barnard, Mycologia 79: 480. 1987. [MB 132123]. — Typus: IMI 282587. Ex-type: CBS 142228 = FLAS F54662 = CGMCC 3.5843 = BCRC33310 = UAMH 4180. Infragen. class: sect. Floridani. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY635848; BenA = KY709172; CaM = KY611933; RPB2 = KY611972.

Monascus lunisporas Udagawa & H. Baba, Cryptog. Mycol. 19: 270. 1998. [MB 446999]. — Typus: SUM 3116. Ex-type: CBS 142230 = CGMCC 3.7951 = ATCC 204397 = NBRC33241 = BCRC 33640. Infragen. class: sect. Floridani. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY635847; BenA = KY709171; CaM = KY611932; RPB2 = KY611971.

Monascus mellicola R.N. Barbosa et al., Stud. Mycol. 86: 44. 2017. [MB 820073]. — Typus: URM 90065. Ex-type: CBS 142364 = URM7510 = DTO 350-E6. Infragen. class: sect. Floridani. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY511726; BenA = KY709143; CaM = KY611904; RPB2 = KY611943.

Monascus pallens P.F. Cannon et al., Mycol. Res. 99: 659. 1995. [MB 413476]. — Typus: IMI 356820. Ex-type: CBS 142229 = BSRA10266 = CGMCC 3.5844 = ATCC 200612 = BCRC 33641. Infragen. class: sect. Floridani. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY635849; BenA = KY709173; CaM = KY611934; RPB2 = KY611973.

Monascus purpureus Went, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.: 1. 1895. [MB 235390]. — Typus: IMI 210765. Ex-type: CBS 109.07 = IF04513 = ATCC 16426 = NRRL 1596 = FRR 1596. Infragen. class: sect. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY635851; BenA = KY709176; CaM = KY611937; RPB2 = JN121422.

Monascus recifensis R.N. Barbosa et al., Stud. Mycol. 86: 47. 2017. [MB 820074]. — Typus: URM 90066. Ex-type: CBS 142365 = URM7524 = DTO 350-G6. Infragen. class: sect. Floridani. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY511740; BenA = KY709157; CaM = KY611918; RPB2 = KY611957.

Monascus ruber Tiegh., Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 31: 227. 1884. [MB 234876]. — Typus: IMI 81596. Ex-type: CBS 135.60 = IFO8451 = ATCC 15670. Infragen. class: sect. Rubri. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY635850; BenA = KY709175; CaM = KY611936; RPB2 = KY611974.

Paecilomyces

Paecilomyces brunneolus (N. Inagaki) Samson & Houbraken, Persoonia 22: 21. 2009. [MB 512559]. — Typus: NHL (N. Inagaki, I-72). Ex-type: CBS 370.70 = DTO 093-D7 = IFO 7563 = CECT 20341 = NBRC 7563 = JCM 12800. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU037050; BenA = EU037068; CaM = EU037033; RPB2 = MN969152.

Paecilomyces clematidis Spetik et al., Phytotaxa 559: 242. 2022. [MB 843540]. — Typus: BRNU 677844. Ex-type: CBS 148466 = MEND-F-0560. DNA barcodes: ITS = MZ923760; BenA = MZ927740; CaM = MZ927738; RPB2 = OL332316.

Paecilomyces dactylethromorphus [as ‘dactylethromorphis’] Bat. & H. Maia, Anais Soc. Biol. Pernambuco 15: 152. 1957. [MB 302183]. — Typus: IMUR 235. Ex-type: CBS 251.55 = DTO 280-D1 = ATCC 11971 = IMI 65752 = MUCL 9649. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ389951; BenA = FJ390002; CaM = FJ389960; RPB2 = n.a.

Paecilomyces divaricatus (Thom) Samson et al., Persoonia 22: 21. 2009. [MB 512561]. — Typus: CBS 284.48. Ex-type: CBS 284.48 = DTO 093-D8 = ATCC 10121 = ATCC 18502 = DSM1961 = IAM5001 = IMI 40025 = NBRC100534 = NRRL 1115 = QM6764 = VTT D-83214 = Thom 34. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ389931; BenA = FJ389992; CaM = FJ389953; RPB2 = n.a.

Paecilomyces formosus [as ‘formosa’] Urquhart, J. Fungi 9 (3, no. 285): 9. 2009. [MB 846977]. — Typus: CBS 990.73B. Ex-type: CBS 990.73B = DTO 093-D2 = ATCC 10865 = IMI 58427 = LSHB Pa31 = LSHB X26 = NRRL 1282. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ389929; BenA = FJ389993; CaM = FJ389978; RPB2 = MN969154.

Paecilomyces fulvus Stolk & Samson, Persoonia 6: 354. 1971. [MB 319107]. — Typus: CBS 132.33. Ex-type: CBS 132.33 = IMI 058421. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ389939; BenA = FJ389988; CaM = FJ389957; RPB2 = n.a.

Paecilomyces lagunculariae (C. Ram) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 90. 2020. [MB 832559]. — Typus: IMUFPe 2195. Ex-type: CBS 373.70 = IMUFPe 2195. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ389944; BenA = FJ389995; CaM = FJ389965; RPB2 = MN969204.

Paecilomyces lecythidis [as ‘lecythisii’] C. Ram., Nova Hedwigia 16: 307. 1968. [MB 335530]. — Typus: IMUFPe 2191. Ex-type: CBS 372.70 = IMUR 2191. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ389926; BenA = FJ389990; CaM = FJ389964; RPB2 = n.a.

Paecilomyces lignorum Visagie et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 13: 172. 2024. [MB 853456]. — Typus: PRU(M) 4585. Ex-type: CMW-IA 005749 = CBS 124309 = CMW 18180 = CN175H6. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP191153; BenA = PP197741; CaM = PP197772; RPB2 = PP197803. Genome: GCA_043884465.

Paecilomyces maximus C. Ram., Nova Hedwigia 16: 306. 1968. [MB 335531]. — Typus: IMUFPe 2192. Ex-type: CBS 113247 = IMUR 2192. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ389921; BenA = FJ390009; CaM = FJ389980; RPB2 = n.a.

Paecilomyces niveus Stolk & Samson, Persoonia 6: 351. 1971. [MB 319117]. — Typus: CBS 100.11. Ex-type: CBS 100.11 = ATCC 22260. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ389934; BenA = FJ389999; CaM = FJ389956; RPB2 = JF417414.

Paecilomyces paravariotii Urquhart, J. Fungi 9 (3, no. 285): 9. 2023. [MB 846976]. — Typus: MELUF155137a. Ex-type: FRR 5287 = DSTO 1357. DNA barcodes: ITS = GCA029606115; BenA = GCA029606115; CaM = GCA029606115; RPB2 = GCA029606115.

Paecilomyces penicilliformis Jurjević & Hubka, Persoonia 44: 431. 2020. [MB 834874]. — Typus: BPI 911216. Ex-type: CCF 5755 = CBS 146003 = EMSL 3392. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR679769; BenA = LR679768; CaM = LR778299; RPB2 = n.a.

Paecilomyces tabacinus Jurjević et al., Persoonia 36: 409. 2016. [MB 816870]. — Typus: BPI 910044. Ex-type: CBS 141098 = DTO 412-B7 = CCF 5290. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT548280; BenA = MN969434; CaM = LT548288; RPB2 = MN969210.

Paecilomyces variotii [as ‘varioti’] Bainier, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 23: 27. 1907. [MB 248517]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 102.74 = DTO 032-I8 = DTO 280-D5 = CECT2803 = NRRL 1116. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU037055; BenA = EU037073; CaM = EU037038; RPB2 = MN969153.

Paecilomyces zollerniae Stolk & Samson, Persoonia 6: 356. 1971. [MB 319129]. — Typus: CBS 374.70. Ex-type: CBS 374.70 = JCM 12808. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ389933; BenA = FJ390008; CaM = FJ389966; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillago

Penicillago kabunica (Baghd.) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 90. 2020. [MB 832560]. — Typus: CBS 409.68. Ex-type: CBS 575.90 = CBS 409.69 (dead) = DTO 105-H9 = FRR 513 = IMI 140341 = VKM F-1072. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431415; BenA = MN969438; CaM = MN969357; RPB2 = MN969217.

Penicillago mirabilis Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 90. 2020. [MB 832561]. — Typus: BKM F-1328. Ex-type: CBS 624.72 = CCF 2162 = DTO 304-C2 = CCRC31665 = FRR 1959 = IMI 167383 = LCP 72.2193 = MUCL31206 = VKM F-1328. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431416; BenA = MN969439; CaM = MN969358; RPB2 = MN969218.

Penicillago moldavica (Milko & Beliakova) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 90. 2020. [MB 832562]. — Typus: IMI 129966. Ex-type: CBS 574.90 = CBS 627.67 (dead) = DTO 041-H9 = ATCC 18355 = FRR 665 = IMI 129966 = VKM F-922. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431417; BenA = MN969440; CaM = MN969359; RPB2 = MN969219.

Penicillago nodositata (Valla) M. Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 64. 2020. [MB 822074]. — Typus: MBT388228; Fig. 1-4 in Valla et al.-1989 (lectotype). Ex-type: CBS 333.90 = DTO 252-C7. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC790403; BenA = KC790399; CaM = MN969361; RPB2 = MN969220.

Penicilliopsis

Penicilliopsis clavariiformis [as ‘clavariaeformis’] Solms, Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 6: 53. 1886. [MB 120178]. — Typus: Bot. Garden Bogor, Solms-Laubach in herb. Hauman (BR). Ex-type: CBS 257.33 = NRRL 2482. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033391; BenA = EF669687; CaM = EF669697; RPB2 = EF669667.

Penicilliopsis zonata (Kwon-Chung & Fennell) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 85: 211. 2016. [MB 819185]. — Typus: WB 5079. Ex-type: CBS 506.65 = DTO 022-B4 = NRRL 5079 = ATCC 16867 = IFO8817 = IMI 124936 = LCP 89.2588 = WB 5079. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669712; BenA = EF669679; CaM = EF669701; RPB2 = EF669665. Genome: GCF_001890105.

Penicillium

Penicillium abidjanum Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 34: 49. 1968. [MB 335705]. — Typus: CBS 246.67. Ex-type: CBS 246.67 = ATCC 18385 = FRR 1156 = IMI 136244. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981582; BenA = GU981650; CaM = MN969234; RPB2 = JN121469.

Penicillium acericola Mack & Overy, Persoonia 50: 271. 2023. [MB 847213]. — Typus: DAOM 985060. Ex-type: DAOMC 252603 = CHEM 2781. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ299442; BenA = OQ290898; CaM = OQ290901; RPB2 = OQ290904.

Penicillium acidogenicum R.N. Liang & G.Z. Zhao, Front. Microbiol. 15 (no. 1329299): 3. 2024. [MB 850530]. — Typus: HMAS 352643. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25421. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR512884; BenA = OR531524; CaM = OR538539; RPB2 = OR538541.

Penicillium acidum Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 89: 173. 2018. [MB 822167]. — Typus: CNUFC-DLW4-1. Ex-type: CNUFC DLW4-1 = JMRC SF013659. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY587441; BenA = KY587439; CaM = KY587442; RPB2 = KY587446.

Penicillium adametzii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 507. 1927. [MB 119777]. — Typus: IMI 39751. Ex-type: CBS 209.28 = ATCC 10407 = IMI 039751 = MUCL 29106 = NRRL 737. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN714929; BenA = JN625957; CaM = KC773796; RPB2 = JN121455.

Penicillium adametzioides S. Abe ex G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 46: 335. 1963. [MB 302372]. — Typus: IMI 068227. Ex-type: CBS 313.59 = ATCC 18306 = FAT1302 = IFO 6055 = IMI 068227 = NRRL 3405 = QM 7312. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN686433; BenA = JN799642; CaM = JN686387; RPB2 = JN406578.

Penicillium aeris Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 139. 2016. [MB 808262]. — Typus: CBS H-21608. Ex-type: CBS 135897 = DTO 207-D4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303654; BenA = KF303614; CaM = KF303627; RPB2 = KF303681.

Penicillium alagoense L.O. Ferro et al., Persoonia 42: 447. 2019. [MB 830760]. — Typus: URM 93058. Ex-type: URM 8086. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK804503; BenA = MK802333; CaM = MK802336; RPB2 = MK802338.

Penicillium albineum J.P. Nóbrega et al., Mycol. Prog. 23 (no. 71): 9. 2024. [MB 852532]. — Typus: HURM 95597. Ex-type: URM 8918. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: PP505396; BenA = PP806627; CaM = PP806632; RPB2 = PP942619.

Penicillium albocoremium (Frisvad) Frisvad, Int. Mod. Tax. Meth. Pen. Asp. Clas.: 275. 2000. [MB 459817]. — Typus: IMI 285511. Ex-type: CBS 472.84 = FRR 2931 = IBT 10682 = IBT 21502 = IMI 285511. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Corymbifera. DNA barcodes: ITS = AJ004819; BenA = AY674326; CaM = KU896819; RPB2 = KU904344.

Penicillium alexiae Visagie Houbraken & Samson, Persoonia 31: 59. 2013. [MB 803785]. — Typus: CBS H-21142. Ex-type: CBS 134558. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC790400; BenA = KC773778; CaM = KC773803; RPB2 = KX961291.

Penicillium alfredii Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 116. 2014. [MB 809180]. — Typus: CBS H-21800. Ex-type: CBS 138224 = DTO 269A4 = IBT 34128. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Alfrediorum ser. Alfrediorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775684; BenA = KJ775177; CaM = KJ775411; RPB2 = KJ834520. Genome: GCA_028826965.

Penicillium allaniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 3: 6. 2022. [MB 900139]. — Typus: BRIP 74886a. Ex-type: BRIP 74886a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP903476; BenA = OP921959; CaM = OP921957; RPB2 = OP921958.

Penicillium allii Vincent & Pitt, Mycologia 81: 300. 1989. [MB 125498]. — Typus: MU Vincent 114. Ex-type: CBS 131.89 = IMI 321505 = NRRL 13630 = ATCC 64636 = IMI 321506. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Corymbifera. DNA barcodes: ITS = AJ005484; BenA = AY674331; CaM = KU896820; RPB2 = KU904345.

Penicillium allii-sativi Frisvad et al., Persoonia 29: 89. 2012. [MB 801873]. — Typus: CBS H-21058. Ex-type: CBS 132074 = DTO 149A8 = IBT 26507 = LJC 206. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997021; BenA = JX996891; CaM = JX996232; RPB2 = JX996627.

Penicillium allsoppiae Visagie et al., Persoonia 46: 176. 2021. [MB 834426]. — Typus: CBS H-22036. Ex-type: CBS 138943 = DAOM 241348 = DTO 182-D5 = CV 931. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140830; BenA = JX140992; CaM = JX157384; RPB2 = KP016895.

Penicillium alogum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 263. 2016. [MB 815772]. — Typus: DAOM 695759. Ex-type: DAOMC 250543 = CBS 140996 = IBT 23947= KAS 2475. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Stolkia ser. Stolkia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887869; BenA = KT887830; CaM = KT887791; RPB2 = MN969172.

Penicillium alutaceum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 17. 1968. [MB 335708]. — Typus: CBS 317.67. Ex-type: CBS 317.67 = ATCC 18542 = FRR 1158 = IFO 31728 = IMI 136243. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Alutacea. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033454; BenA = KJ834430; CaM = KP016768; RPB2 = JN121489.

Penicillium amaliae Visagie et al., Persoonia 31: 52. 2013. [MB 803784]. — Typus: CBS H-21141. Ex-type: CBS 134209 = CV 1875 = DTO 183F3 = DAOM 241034. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX091443; BenA = JX091563; CaM = JX141557; RPB2 = KX961292.

Penicillium amapaense I.J.S. Silva et al., Mycol. Prog. 22 (no. 23): 4. 2023. [MB 842234]. — Typus: URM 8639. Ex-type: URM 8639 = INPA-AP25. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL764382; BenA = OL782590; CaM = OL782584; RPB2 = ON854925.

Penicillium americanum Jurjević et al., Persoonia 42: 443. 2019. [MB 830667]. — Typus: BPI 910642. Ex-type: NRRL 66819 = ITEM 17520 = EMSL1473. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Soppiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK791278; BenA = MK803427; CaM = MK803428; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium amphipolaria Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 269. 2016. [MB 815777]. — Typus: DAOM 695760. Ex-type: DAOMC 250551 = CBS 140997 = W284 = KAS 2555. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887872; BenA = KT887833; CaM = KT887794; RPB2 = MN969177.

Penicillium anatolicum Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 34: 46. 1968. [MB 335710]. — Typus: CBS 479.66. Ex-type: CBS 479.66 = IBT 30764. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Euglauca. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033425; BenA = JN606849; CaM = JN606571; RPB2 = JN606593.

Penicillium angulare S.W. Peterson, E.M. Bayer & Wicklow, Mycologia 96: 1289. 2004. [MB 487891]. — Typus: BPI 842268. Ex-type: CBS 130293 = IBT 27051 = NRRL 28157. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF125937; BenA = KC773779; CaM = KC773804; RPB2 = JN406554. Genome: GCA_028827245.

Penicillium angustiporcatum Takada & Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 24: 143. 1983. [MB 108322]. — Typus: NHL 6481. Ex-type: CBS 202.84. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Gracilenta ser. Angustiporcata. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411690; BenA = KJ834431; CaM = MN969235; RPB2 = JN406617.

Penicillium annulatum Visagie & K. Jacobs, Mycol. Prog. 14: 14. 2015. [MB 809817]. — Typus: CBS H-21333. Ex-type: CBS 135126 = CV 37 = DTO 180-G7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX091426; BenA = JX091514; CaM = JX141545; RPB2 = KF296410.

Penicillium antarcticum A.D. Hocking & C.F. McRae, Polar Biol. 21: 103. 1999. [MB 482749]. — Typus: DAR 72813. Ex-type: CBS 100492 = FRR 4989. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Atroveneta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834503; BenA = MN969371; CaM = MN969236; RPB2 = JN406653.

Penicillium aotearoae Visagie & Seifert, Persoonia 36: 265. 2016. [MB 815774]. — Typus: PDD 107543. Ex-type: DAOMC 250538 = CBS 140999 = KAS 3088. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887874; BenA = KT887835; CaM = KT887796; RPB2 = MN969174.

Penicillium apimei R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1891. 2018. [MB 822208]. — Typus: URM 90489. Ex-type: URM 7591 = CBS 142502. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Gracilenta ser. Macrosclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF278310; BenA = LT854641; CaM = LT882717; RPB2 = LT854650.

Penicillium aquadulcis Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, Mycobiology 49: 542. 2021. [MB 556953]. — Typus: CNUFC HT19009. Ex-type: CNUFC JT1301. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OK356194; BenA = OK105100; CaM = OK105102; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium aquaticum Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 89: 173. 2018. [MB 822166]. — Typus: CNUFC-YSW8-1. Ex-type: CNUFC YSW8-1 = JMRC SF013660. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Gracilenta ser. Macrosclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY587453; BenA = KY587450; CaM = KY587447; RPB2 = KY587449.

Penicillium arabicum Baghd., Novosti. Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 5: 105. 1968. [MB 335711]. — Typus: CBS H-7471. Ex-type: CBS 414.69 = ATCC 22347 = DSM2205 = FRR 507 = IMI 140335 = VKMF-1077. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411758; BenA = KP016750; CaM = KP016770; RPB2 = KP064574.

Penicillium araracuarense [as ‘araracuaraense’] Houbraken et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1469. 2011. [MB 518025]. — Typus: HUA 170334. Ex-type: CBS 113149 = IBT 23247. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981597; BenA = GU981642; CaM = MN969237; RPB2 = KF296414.

Penicillium archerae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 3: 7. 2022. [MB 900140]. — Typus: BRIP 72549c. Ex-type: BRIP 72549c. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP903477; BenA = OP921961; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OP921960.

Penicillium ardesiacum Novobr., Novosti. Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 11: 228. 1974. [MB 319257]. — Typus: IMI 174719. Ex-type: CBS 497.73 = CCF 2301 = ATCC 24719 = FRR 1479 = IFO 30540 = IMI 174719 = VKMF-1749. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189565; BenA = KM088805; CaM = KM089190; RPB2 = KM089577.

Penicillium argentinense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 78. 2011. [MB 563185]. — Typus: CBS H-20461. Ex-type: CBS 130371 = IBT 30761. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Euglauca. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN831361; BenA = JN606815; CaM = JN606549; RPB2 = MN969105. Genome: GCA_028826775.

Penicillium arianeae Visagie et al., Persoonia 31: 59. 2013. [MB 803786]. — Typus: CBS H-21143. Ex-type: CBS 134559. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC773833; BenA = KC773784; CaM = KC773811; RPB2 = KX961294.

Penicillium arizonense Frisvad et al., Sci. Rep. 6 (35112): 8. 2016. [MB 817128]. — Typus: Herb. C-F-101845. Ex-type: IBT 12289 = CBS 141311. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH492021; BenA = MH492019; CaM = MH492020; RPB2 = MH492022. Genome: GCA_001773325.

Penicillium armarii Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 410. 2014. [MB 809955]. — Typus: CBS H-21870. Ex-type: CBS 138171 = DTO 235-F1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189758; BenA = KM089007; CaM = KM089394; RPB2 = KM089781.

Penicillium ashbyae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 24: 8. 2023. [MB 901443]. — Typus: MST-F22310. Ex-type: MST-F22310. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR731310; BenA = OR737776; CaM = OR737766; RPB2 = OR737771.

Penicillium aspericonidium B.D. Sun et al., Mycol. Prog. 20: 1387. 2021. [MB 838211]. — Typus: CBS H-22830. Ex-type: CBS 141832 = DTO 030-C5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Phoenicea. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT309657; BenA = MT302240; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = MT302224.

Penicillium astrolabium R. Serra & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 99: 80. 2007. [MB 504766]. — Typus: BPI 872160. Ex-type: CBS 122427 = NRRL 35611 = MUM 06.161. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Olsoniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ645804; BenA = DQ645793; CaM = DQ645808; RPB2 = JN406634.

Penicillium athertonense Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 412. 2014. [MB 809956]. — Typus: CBS H-21874. Ex-type: CBS 138161 = DTO 030-C2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189462; BenA = KM088690; CaM = KM089075; RPB2 = KM089462.

Penicillium atramentosum Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 65. 1910. [MB 237291]. — Typus: IMI 39752. Ex-type: CBS 291.48 = CCF 2174 = ATCC 10104 = FRR 795 = IBT 6616 = IFO 8137 = IMI 039752 = IMI 039752ii = LSHBP 1 = MUCL 29071 = MUCL 29126 = NRRL 795 = QM 7483. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Paradoxa ser. Atramentosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033483; BenA = AY674402; CaM = KU896821; RPB2 = JN406584.

Penicillium atrofulvum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 80. 2011. [MB 563183]. — Typus: CBS H-20650. Ex-type: CBS 109.66 = DTO 31B2 = FRR 799 = IBT 30032 = IBT 29667. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617663; BenA = JN606677; CaM = JN606387; RPB2 = JN606620.

Penicillium atrolazulinum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 91. 2016. [MB 811001]. — Typus: CBS H-22043. Ex-type: CBS 139136 = DAOMC 241083 = DTO 180-H4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140913; BenA = JX141077; CaM = JX157416; RPB2 = KP064575.

Penicillium atrosanguineum B.X. Dong, Ceska Mycol. 27: 174. 1973. [MB 319260]. — Typus: PRC 1397; CBS H-15524 (isotype). Ex-type: CBS 380.75 = CCF 1397 = FRR 1726 = IMI 197488. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617706; BenA = KJ834435; CaM = KP016771; RPB2 = JN406557.

Penicillium atrovenetum G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 39: 112. 1956. [MB 302377]. — Typus: IMI 061837. Ex-type: CBS 241.56 = CCF 2175 = ATCC 13352 = FRR 2571 = IFO 8138 = IMI 061837 = LSHBSm683 = QM 6963. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Atroveneta. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033492; BenA = JX140944; CaM = KJ867004; RPB2 = JN121467.

Penicillium aurantiacobrunneum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 80. 2011. [MB 563206]. — Typus: CBS H-20662. Ex-type: CBS 126228 = IBT 18753. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617670; BenA = JN606702; CaM = MN969238; RPB2 = MN969106.

Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB 247956]. — Typus: IMI 195050. Ex-type: CBS 324.89 = ATCC 48920 = FRR 971 = IBT 14016 = IMI 195050 = MUCL 29090 = NRRL 971. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Viridicata. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033476; BenA = MN969372; CaM = KU896822; RPB2 = JN406573.

Penicillium aurantioviolaceum Biourge, La Cellule 33: 282. 1923. [MB 257885]. — Typus: CBS H-21954. Ex-type: CBS 137777 = NRRL 762 = ATCC 14974. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189756; BenA = KM089005; CaM = KM089392; RPB2 = KM089779.

Penicillium aureosclerotiorum J.P. Nóbrega et al., Mycol. Prog. 23 (no. 71): 15. 2024. [MB 852533]. — Typus: HURM 95599. Ex-type: URM 8919. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: PP505393; BenA = PP806628; CaM = PP806633; RPB2 = PP942620.

Penicillium ausonanum Torres-Garcia et al., MycoKeys 86: 119. 2022. [MB 840556]. — Typus: CBS H-24781. Ex-type: CBS 148237 = FMR 16948. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR655808; BenA = LR655809; CaM = LR655810; RPB2 = LR655811.

Penicillium austricola Visagie & K. Jacobs, Persoonia 36: 139. 2016. [MB 805184]. — Typus: CBS H-21605. Ex-type: CBS 135900 = DTO 183-E6 = DAOMC 241066 = CV 1842. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX091466; BenA = JX091579; CaM = JX141600; RPB2 = KF303705.

Penicillium austroafricanum Houbraken & Visagie, Stud. Mycol. 78: 412. 2014. [MB 809957]. — Typus: CBS H-21864. Ex-type: CBS 137773 = DTO 133-G5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189610; BenA = KM088854; CaM = KM089241; RPB2 = KM089628.

Penicillium ayrtoniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 32: 3. 2024. [MB 901773]. — Typus: MST-FP725. Ex-type: MST-FP725. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP416839; BenA = PP438385; CaM = PP438366; RPB2 = PP438376.

Penicillium balearicum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 54. 2019. [MB 822061]. — Typus: CBS H-23215. Ex-type: FMR 15191 = CBS 143044. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Paradoxa ser. Atramentosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT899762; BenA = LT898227; CaM = LT899758; RPB2 = LT899760.

Penicillium barbosae S. Ramos et al., Mycol. Prog. 20: 828. 2021. [MB 837908]. — Typus: URM 94474. Ex-type: URM 7705. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW191494; BenA = MG452818; CaM = MW183245; RPB2 = LR898886.

Penicillium baytopiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 32: 5. 2024. [MB 901774]. — Typus: MST-FP2018. Ex-type: NRRL 5630 = MST-FP2018. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Crustacea. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP416841; BenA = PP438392; CaM = PP438368; RPB2 = PP438377.

Penicillium beceitense Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 55. 2019. [MB 822063]. — Typus: CBS H-23183. Ex-type: FMR 15038 = CBS 142989. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT899780; BenA = LT898229; CaM = LT899764; RPB2 = LT899798.

Penicillium bialowiezense K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 450. 1927. [MB 258429]. — Typus: IMI 092237. Ex-type: CBS 227.28 = CCF 2173 = NRRL 865 = IBT 23044 = IMI 092237 = LSHBP 71. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Brevicompacta. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU587315; BenA = AY674439; CaM = AY484828; RPB2 = JN406604.

Penicillium biforme Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 54. 1910. [MB 240764]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 297.48 = CCF 2254 = ATCC 10416 = FRR 885 = IFO 7722 = IMI 039820 = LSHB P72 = MUCL 29165 = NRRL 885 = QM 7492. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411731; BenA = MN969373; CaM = KU896823; RPB2 = KU904346.

Penicillium bilaiae [as ‘bilaji’] Chalab., Bot. Mater. Otd. Sporov. Rast. 6: 165. 1950. [MB 302379]. — Typus: IMI 113677. Ex-type: CBS 221.66 = ATCC 22348 = ATCC 48731 = CCRC 31675 = FRR 3391 = IJFM 5025 = IMI 113677 = MUCL 31187 = VKMF854. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN714937; BenA = JN625966; CaM = JN626009; RPB2 = JN406610.

Penicillium bissettii Visagie & Seifert, Persoonia 36: 269. 2016. [MB 815778]. — Typus: DAOM 695761. Ex-type: DAOMC 167011 = CBS 140972 = KAS 1951. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887845; BenA = KT887806; CaM = KT887767; RPB2 = MN969178.

Penicillium boreae S.W. Peterson & Sigler, Mycol. Res. 106: 1112. 2002. [MB 483980]. — Typus: BPI 841395. Ex-type: CBS 111717 = NRRL 31002 = UAMH 3896. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Stolkia ser. Stolkia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF481122; BenA = JN617715; CaM = AF481138; RPB2 = MN969107.

Penicillium bovifimosum (Tuthill & Frisvad) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB 561957]. — Typus: WY RMF 82071. Ex-type: CBS 102825 = RMF 9598. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Turbata ser. Turbata. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF263347; BenA = KJ834436; CaM = FJ530989; RPB2 = JN406649.

Penicillium brasilianum Bat., Anais Soc. Biol. Pernambuco 15: 162. 1957. [MB 302381]. — Typus: URM IMUR 56. Ex-type: CBS 253.55 = ATCC 12072 = FRR 3466 = QM 6947. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981577; BenA = GU981629; CaM = MN969239; RPB2 = KF296420.

Penicillium brefeldianum B.O. Dodge, Mycologia 25: 92. 1933. [MB 258851]. — Typus: IMI 216896. Ex-type: CBS 235.81 = NRRL 710 = FRR 710 = IFO 31731 = IMI 216896 = LCP 89.2573 = LCP 89.2578 = MUCL 38762 = QM 1872 = Thom 5296. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033435; BenA = GU981623; CaM = EU021683; RPB2 = KF296421.

Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB 149773]. — Typus: IMI 40225. Ex-type: CBS 257.29 = ATCC 10418 = ATCC 9056 = DSM3825 = FRR 862 = IBT 23045 = IMI 040225 = LSHBP 75 = MUCL 28647 = MUCL 28813 = MUCL 28935 = MUCL 30240 = MUCL 30241 = MUCL 30256 = MUCL 30257 = NRRL 2011 = NRRL 862 = NRRL 864 = QM 7496. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Brevicompacta. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY484912; BenA = AY674437; CaM = AY484813; RPB2 = JN406594.

Penicillium brevistipitatum L. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Mycotaxon 93: 234. 2005. [MB 356064]. — Typus: HMAS 130354-1-4. Ex-type: AS 3.6887 = CBS 122277. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ221696; BenA = DQ221695; CaM = KU896824; RPB2 = JN406528.

Penicillium brocae S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 95: 143. 2003. [MB 373658]. — Typus: BPI 841763. Ex-type: CBS 116113 = IBT 26293 = NRRL 31472. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF484398; BenA = KC773787; CaM = KC773814; RPB2 = JN406639.

Penicillium brunneoconidiatum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 415. 2014. [MB 809958]. — Typus: CBS H-21873. Ex-type: CBS 137732 = DTO 182-E4 = CV 949 = DAOM 241359. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140768; BenA = JX271529; CaM = JX157309; RPB2 = KM089685.

Penicillium buchwaldii Frisvad & Samson, FEMS Microbiol. Letter 339: 86. 2013. [MB 800966]. — Typus: IMI 304286. Ex-type: CBS 117181 = IBT 6005 = IMI 304286. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Buchwaldiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX313164; BenA = MN969374; CaM = JX313148; RPB2 = JN406637.

Penicillium burgense Quintan. ex Visagie, IMA Fungus 7: 94. 2016. [MB 816641]. — Typus: CBS H-22567. Ex-type: CBS 325.89. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411736; BenA = KJ834437; CaM = KP016772; RPB2 = JN406572.

Penicillium bussumense Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 415. 2014. [MB 809959]. — Typus: CBS H-21869. Ex-type: CBS 138160 = DTO 018-B2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189458; BenA = KM088685; CaM = KM089070; RPB2 = KM089457.

Penicillium cainii K.G. Rivera et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 147. 2011. [MB 563159]. — Typus: DAOM 239914. Ex-type: DAOMC 239914 = CCFC 239914. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN686435; BenA = JN686366; CaM = JN686389; RPB2 = MT156347.

Penicillium cairnsense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 83. 2011. [MB 563184]. — Typus: CBS H-20686. Ex-type: CBS 124325 = IBT 29042. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617669; BenA = JN606693; CaM = MN969240; RPB2 = MN969108.

Penicillium camemberti Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 82: 33. 1906. [MB 175171]. — Typus: IMI 27831. Ex-type: CBS 299.48 = ATCC 1105 = ATCC 4845 = FRR 878 = IBT 21508 = IMI 027831 = IMI 092200 = LCP 66.584 = LSHBP 11 = MUCL 29790 = NCTC 582 = NRRL 877 = NRRL 878. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB479314; BenA = FJ930956; CaM = KU896825; RPB2 = MN969109.

Penicillium camponoti [as ‘camponotum’] Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 271. 2016. [MB 836012]. — Typus: DAOM 695762. Ex-type: DAOMC 250557 = CBS 140982 = NBBR-2-1 = W471 = KAS 2177. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887855; BenA = KT887816; CaM = KT887777; RPB2 = MN969179.

Penicillium canariense S.W. Peterson & Sigler, Mycol. Res. 106: 1113. 2002. [MB 483981]. — Typus: BPI 841396. Ex-type: CBS 111720 = NRRL 31003 = IBT 26290 = IJFM 536 = UAMH 6403. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Stolkia ser. Stolkia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF481121; BenA = JN617714; CaM = AF481137; RPB2 = MN969110. Genome: GCA_028826845.

Penicillium canescens Sopp, Skr. Vidensk.-Selsk. Christiana Math.-Nat. Kl. 11: 181. 1912. [MB 153765]. — Typus: IMI 28260. Ex-type: CBS 300.48 = CCF 2364 = ATCC 10419 = DSM1215 = FRR 910 = IMI 028260 = MUCL 29169 = NCTC 6607 = NRRL 910 = QM 7550 = VKMF-1148. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033493; BenA = JX140946; CaM = MN969241; RPB2 = JN121485.

Penicillium canis S.W. Peterson, J. Clin. Microbiol. 52: 2450. 2014. [MB 807056]. — Typus: BPI 892763. Ex-type: NRRL 62798. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ511291; BenA = KF900167; CaM = KF900177; RPB2 = KF900196.

Penicillium cannoniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 32: 7. 2024. [MB 901775]. — Typus: MST-FP2585. Ex-type: MST-FP2585. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP416840; BenA = PP438391; CaM = PP438367; RPB2 = PP438390.

Penicillium cantabricum Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 142. 2016. [MB 808263]. — Typus: CBS H-21612. Ex-type: CBS 120415 = DTO 76-I9 = FMR 9121. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303655; BenA = KF303615; CaM = KF303646; RPB2 = KF303682.

Penicillium caperatum Udagawa & Y. Horie, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 14: 371. 1973. [MB 319262]. — Typus: NHL 6454. Ex-type: CBS 443.75 = ATCC 28046 = DSM2209 = NHL 6465. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411761; BenA = GU981660; CaM = MN969242; RPB2 = KF296422.

Penicillium caprifimosum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 55. 2019. [MB 822064]. — Typus: CBS H-23184. Ex-type: FMR 15041 = CBS 142990. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Turbata ser. Turbata. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT899781; BenA = LT898238; CaM = LT899765; RPB2 = LT899799.

Penicillium capsulatum Raper & Fennell, Mycologia 40: 528. 1948. [MB 289079]. — Typus: IMI 40576. Ex-type: CBS 301.48 = ATCC 10420 = DSM2210 = FRR 2056 = IJFM 5120 = IMI 040576 = NRRL 2056 = QM 4869 = VKMF-445. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Ramigena ser. Ramigena. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033429; BenA = MN969375; CaM = KP735539; RPB2 = JN406582.

Penicillium carajasense J.P. Nóbrega et al., Mycol. Prog. 23 (no. 71): 18. 2024. [MB 852531]. — Typus: HURM 95595. Ex-type: URM 8917. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: PP505390; BenA = PP806626; CaM = PP806631; RPB2 = PP942618.

Penicillium carneum (Frisvad) Frisvad, Microbiology 142: 546. 1996. [MB 415652]. — Typus: IMI 293204. Ex-type: CBS 112297 = IBT 6884 = IBT 18419 = IMI 293204. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Roquefortorum ser. Roquefortorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = HQ442338; BenA = AY674386; CaM = HQ442322; RPB2 = JN406642.

Penicillium cartierense Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 415. 2014. [MB 809960]. — Typus: CBS H-21861. Ex-type: CBS 137956 = DTO 092-H9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189564; BenA = KM088804; CaM = KM089189; RPB2 = KM089576.

Penicillium caseifulvum Lund et al., J. Food Mycol. 1: 97. 1998. [MB 446013]. — Typus: C 24999. Ex-type: CBS 101134 = IBT 18282 = IBT 21510. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834504; BenA = AY674372; CaM = KU896826; RPB2 = KU904347.

Penicillium catalonicum Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 142. 2016. [MB 808265]. — Typus: CBS H-21610. Ex-type: CBS 110532 = DTO 78-H5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303650; BenA = KF303609; CaM = KF303644; RPB2 = KF303683.

Penicillium cataractarum [as ‘cataractum’] Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 271. 2016. [MB 819777]. — Typus: DAOM 695763. Ex-type: DAOMC 250534 = CBS 140974 = W4 = IBT 29864 = KAS 2145. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887847; BenA = KT887808; CaM = KT887769; RPB2 = MN969180. Genome: GCA_028827025.

Penicillium catenatum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 24. 1968. [MB 335719]. — Typus: CBS 352.67. Ex-type: CBS 352.67 = ATCC 18543 = CSIR 1097 = IFO 31774 = IMI 136241. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411754; BenA = KJ834438; CaM = KP016774; RPB2 = JN121504.

Penicillium cavernicola Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 31. 2004. [MB 370976]. — Typus: CBS H-13441. Ex-type: CBS 100540 = IBT 14499. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834505; BenA = KJ834439; CaM = KU896827; RPB2 = KU904348.

Penicillium cecavii J.M.S. Lima et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 14: 101. 2024. [MB 851903]. — Typus: URM 95543. Ex-type: URM 8656. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Cinnamopurpurea. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP034173; BenA = PP150743; CaM = PP150751; RPB2 = PP187791.

Penicillium cederbergense Visagie et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 13: 472. 2024. [MB 854284]. — Typus: PRU(M) 4582. Ex-type: CMW-IA 003534 = CMW 61497 = CBS 152022. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Griseola ser. Griseola. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP375125; BenA = PP356422; CaM = PP356450; RPB2 = PP356483.

Penicillium chalabudae Visagie, IMA Fungus 7: 94. 2016. [MB 816642]. — Typus: CBS H-15439. Ex-type: CBS 219.66 = ATCC 18322 = ATCC 18329 = FRR 3393 = VKM F-1037. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP016811; BenA = KP016748; CaM = KP016767; RPB2 = KP064572.

Penicillium charlesii G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 18: 90. 1933. [MB 260433]. — Typus: NRRL 778. Ex-type: CBS 304.48 = CCF 3018 = ATCC 8730 = CBS 342.51 = CECT 2277 = FRR 778 = IMI 040232 = LSHBB B127 = LSHBP 146 = NRRL 1887 = NRRL 778 = QM 6338 = QM 6838. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Fellutana. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033400; BenA = JX091508; CaM = AY741727; RPB2 = JN121486.

Penicillium chengkouense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 55. 2023. [MB 571537]. — Typus: HMAS 247888. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25149. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870783; BenA = OR051044; CaM = OR051223; RPB2 = OR051397. Notes: Penicillium chengkouense is the closest relative of P. yarmokense (Fig. 34 & Suppl. Fig. S15). Even though the section Canescentia was recently reviewed by Visagie et al. (2021), who noted that revisions are needed for the P. canescens and P. janczewskii species complexes, we tentatively accept P. chengkouense.

Penicillium chermesinum Biourge, La Cellule 33: 284. 1923. [MB 260472]. — Typus: IMI 191730. Ex-type: CBS 231.81 = NRRL 2048 = FRR 2048 = IFO 31745 = IMI 191730. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Indica. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY742693; BenA = KJ834441; CaM = AY741728; RPB2 = MN969111.

Penicillium choerospondiatis X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Sci. Rep. 7: 5. 2017. [MB 570333]. — Typus: HMAS 248813. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18411. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX885063; BenA = KX885043; CaM = KX885053; RPB2 = KX885034.

Penicillium chongqingense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 57. 2023. [MB 571538]. — Typus: HMAS 247889. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25150. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Gracilenta ser. Estinogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870822; BenA = OR051098; CaM = OR051275; RPB2 = OR051444.

Penicillium christenseniae Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 85. 2011. [MB 563187]. — Typus: CBS H-20656. Ex-type: CBS 126236 = IBT 23355. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617674; BenA = JN606680; CaM = MN969243; RPB2 = JN606624.

Penicillium chroogomphi [as ‘chroogomphum’] F. Xu et al., Mycoscience 57: 82. 2016. [MB 833871]. — Typus: JZBHM 002. Ex-type: CBS 136204 = KCTC 46041 = JZB 2120005. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Soppiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC594043; BenA = KP684056; CaM = KP684057; RPB2 = MN969167.

Penicillium chrysogenum Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 58. 1910. [MB 165757]. — Typus: IMI 24314. Ex-type: CBS 306.48 = ATCC 10106 = ATHUM2889 = CCRC 30564 = FRR 807 = IBT 5233 = IMI 024314 = IMI 092208 = LSHBAd 3 = LSHBP 19 = MUCL 29079 = MUCL 29145 = NCTC 589 = NRRL 807 = NRRL 810 = QM 7500. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033465; BenA = JF909955; CaM = JX996273; RPB2 = JN121487.

Penicillium chrzaszczii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 464. 1927. [MB 260609]. — Typus: CBS 217.28. Ex-type: CBS 217.28 = CCF 2771 = FRR 903 = MUCL 29167 = NRRL 1741 = NRRL 903. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944603; BenA = JN606758; CaM = MN969244; RPB2 = JN606628.

Penicillium cinerascens Biourge, La Cellule 33: 308. 1923. [MB 260785]. — Typus: K(M) IMI 92234. Ex-type: NRRL 748 = ATCC 48693 = IBT 15544 = BIOURGE 90 = FRR 748 = IMI 92234 = QM 7555 = Thom 4733.34. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Citreonigra. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033455; BenA = JX141041; CaM = JX157405; RPB2 = MN969112. Genome: GCA_028974065.

Penicillium cinereoatrum Chalab., Bot. Mater. Otd. Sporov. Rast. 6: 167. 1950. [MB 302385]. — Typus: CBS H-7469. Ex-type: CBS 222.66 = ATCC 22350 = FRR 3390 = IJFM 5024 = IMI 113676 = VKMF-856. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411700; BenA = KJ834442; CaM = KP125335; RPB2 = JN406608.

Penicillium cinnamopurpureum Udagawa, J. Agric. Food Sci., Tokyo 5: 1. 1959. [MB 302386]. — Typus: IFO 6032. Ex-type: CBS 429.65 = CBS 847.68 = NRRL 162 = ATCC 18489 = CSIR 936 = FAT 362 = IAM 7016 = IFO 6032 = NHL 6359 = QM 7888. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Cinnamopurpurea. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF626950; BenA = EF626948; CaM = EF626949; RPB2 = JN406533.

Penicillium circulare Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 96: 97. 2019. [MB 555413]. — Typus: CNUFC-GEU220-1. Ex-type: CNUFC GEU220-1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = MK481057; CaM = MK481061; RPB2 = MK481053.

Penicillium citreonigrum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 86. 1901. [MB 165197]. — Typus: K(M) IMI 92209i. Ex-type: CBS 258.29 = CCF 2334 = ATCC 48736 = FRR 761 = IMI 092209 = LSHBP 20 = LSHBP 98 = MUCL 28648 = MUCL 29062 = MUCL 29116 = NRRL 761. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Citreonigra. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033456; BenA = EF198621; CaM = EF198628; RPB2 = JN121474.

Penicillium citreosulfuratum Biourge, La Cellule 33: 285. 1923. [MB 260947]. — Typus: Cellule 33: fig. 86 no 21 (lectotype); K(M) IMI 92228 (epitype). Ex-type: IMI 92228 = DTO 290-I4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Citreonigra. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP016814; BenA = KP016753; CaM = KP016777; RPB2 = KP064615.

Penicillium citrinum Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 61. 1910. [MB 165293]. — Typus: IMI 92196ii. Ex-type: CBS 139.45 = CCF 2054 = ATCC 1109 = ATCC 36382 = CECT 2269 = FRR 1841 = IMI 091961 = IMI 092196 = LSHBAd 95 = LSHBP 25 = LSHBP 6 = MUCL 29781 = NRRL 1841 = NRRL 1842. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Citrina. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033422; BenA = GU944545; CaM = MN969245; RPB2 = JF417416. Genome: GCA_020284165.

Penicillium claroviride Visagie & Yilmaz, Mycologia 115: 90. 2022. [MB 844184]. — Typus: PREM 63221. Ex-type: CMW 56197 = CBS 147458 = CN014D2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Atroveneta. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT949909; BenA = MT957414; CaM = MT957456; RPB2 = MT957482.

Penicillium clavigerum Demelius, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 72: 74. 1923. [MB 261069]. — Typus: IMI 39807. Ex-type: CBS 310.48 = CCF 2188 = ATCC 10427 = CBS 255.94 = FRR 1003 = IMI 039807 = IMI 039807ii = MUCL 15623 = NRRL 1003 = QM 1918. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Penicillium ser. Clavigera. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ339555; BenA = AY674427; CaM = KU896828; RPB2 = KU904349.

Penicillium clavistipitatum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 419. 2014. [MB 809961]. — Typus: CBS H-21882. Ex-type: CBS 138650 = DTO 182-E5 = CV 336 = KAS 4112 = DAOM 241092. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189667; BenA = KM088912; CaM = KM089299; RPB2 = KM089686.

Penicillium coccineum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 59. 2023. [MB 571539]. — Typus: HMAS 247890. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25151. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870868; BenA = OR051217; CaM = OR051392; RPB2 = OR062082.

Penicillium coccotrypicola Holdom et al., Persoonia 33: 285. 2014. [MB 810327]. — Typus: BRIP 59608. Ex-type: BRIP 59608. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Penicillium ser. Clavigera. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM605436; BenA = KM605437; CaM = MN969321; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium coeruleum Sopp apud Biourge, La Cellule 33: 102. 1923. [MB 446014]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 141.45 = NCTC 6595. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981606; BenA = GU981655; CaM = MN969247; RPB2 = KF296425.

Penicillium coffeae S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 97: 662. 2005. [MB 340281]. — Typus: BPI 863480. Ex-type: CBS 119387 = IBT 27866 = NRRL 35363. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Phoenicea. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY742702; BenA = KJ834443; CaM = AY741747; RPB2 = JN121436.

Penicillium coffeatum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 61. 2023. [MB 571540]. — Typus: HMAS 247891. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25152. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870815; BenA = OR051121; CaM = OR051298; RPB2 = OR051466.

Penicillium colei S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: e0121987, 10. 2015. [MB 807368]. — Typus: BPI 881281. Ex-type: NRRL 13013 = IBT 29696. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF932958; BenA = KF932926; CaM = KF932942; RPB2 = KF932996.

Penicillium commune Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 56. 1910. [MB 164241]. — Typus: IMI 39812. Ex-type: CBS 311.48 = CCF 2061 = ATCC 10428 = ATCC 1111 = CCRC 31554 = DSM2211 = IBT 6200 = IFO 5763 = IMI 039812ii = IMI 039812iii = NRRL 890 = QM 1269 = VKMF-3233. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY213672; BenA = MN969377; CaM = KU896829; RPB2 = KU904350.

Penicillium compactum L. Wang & Houbraken, Persoonia 36: 309. 2016. [MB 810216]. — Typus: HMAS 245701. Ex-type: AS 3.15411 = CBS 138918 = IBT 33393 = DTO 316-B8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM973207; BenA = KM973203; CaM = KM973200; RPB2 = KT698909.

Penicillium concentricum Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 11: 17. 1976. [MB 319263]. — Typus: CBS 477.75. Ex-type: CBS 477.75 = CCF 2194 = IBT 14571 = IBT 6577. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411763; BenA = AY674413; CaM = DQ911131; RPB2 = KT900575.

Penicillium confertum (Frisvad, Filt. & Wicklow) Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 852. 1990. [MB 126404]. — Typus: IMI 296930. Ex-type: CBS 171.87 = IBT 21515 = IBT 3098 = IBT 5672 = IMI 296930 = NRRL 13488 = NRRL A-26904. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997081; BenA = AY674373; CaM = JX996963; RPB2 = JX996708.

Penicillium consobrinum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 96. 2016. [MB 811002]. — Typus: CBS H-22045. Ex-type: CBS 139144 = DAOMC 241072 = DTO 181-H9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140888; BenA = JX141135; CaM = JX157453; RPB2 = KP064619.

Penicillium contaminatum Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 419. 2014. [MB 809962]. — Typus: CBS H-21866. Ex-type: CBS 345.52 = DTO 091-A3 = IMI 049057. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189554; BenA = KM088793; CaM = KM089178; RPB2 = KM089565.

Penicillium coprobium Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 853. 1990. [MB 126405]. — Typus: IMI 293209. Ex-type: CBS 561.90 = ATCC 58615 = IBT 21516 = IBT 4583 = IBT 6932. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ339559; BenA = AY674425; CaM = KU896830; RPB2 = KT900576.

Penicillium coprophilum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Seifert & Samson, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 145. 1985. [MB 114760]. — Typus: K Cuba Wright 666. Ex-type: CBS 110760 = IBT 5551 = IBT 3064 = NRRL 13627. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033469; BenA = AY674421; CaM = KU896831; RPB2 = JN406645. Genome: GCA_027569365.

Penicillium copticola Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 88. 2011. [MB 563205]. — Typus: CBS H-20643. Ex-type: CBS 127355 = IBT 30771. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Copticolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617685; BenA = JN606817; CaM = JN606553; RPB2 = JN606599.

Penicillium coralligerum Nicot & Pionnat, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 78: 245. 1963. [MB 335721]. — Typus: IMI 99159. Ex-type: CBS 123.65 = CCF 3015 = ATCC 16968 = FRR 3465 = IFO 9578 = IHEM 4511 = IMI 099159 = LCP 58.1674 = NRRL 3465. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Atroveneta. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617667; BenA = MN969378; CaM = MN969248; RPB2 = JN406632.

Penicillium corticola Mack & Overy, Persoonia 50: 273. 2023. [MB 847212]. — Typus: DAOM 985059. Ex-type: DAOMC 252605 = CHEM 2207. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ299440; BenA = OQ290896; CaM = OQ290899; RPB2 = OQ290902.

Penicillium corvianum Visagie & Seifert, Persoonia 36: 259. 2016. [MB 815770]. — Typus: DAOM 695764. Ex-type: DAOMC 250517 = CBS 141000 = KAS 3618 = IT-2008-4-D. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887875; BenA = KT887836; CaM = KT887797; RPB2 = MN969170.

Penicillium corylophilum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 86. 1901. [MB 178294]. — Typus: K(M) IMI 39754. Ex-type: CBS 312.48 = CCF 2053 = TCC9784 = ATHUM2890 = CECT 2270 = FRR 802 = IMI 039754 = MUCL 28671 = MUCL 29073 = MUCL 29131 = NRRL 802 = QM 7510. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033450; BenA = JX141042; CaM = KP016780; RPB2 = KP064631.

Penicillium cosmopolitanum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 91. 2011. [MB 563188]. — Typus: CBS H-20665. Ex-type: CBS 126995 = IBT 30681. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617691; BenA = JN606733; CaM = MN969249; RPB2 = MN969113.

Penicillium costaricense Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 263. 2016. [MB 815773]. — Typus: DAOM 695765. Ex-type: DAOMC 250520 = CBS 140998 = KAS 2597 = 01-RGTHC-294. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Costaricensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431396; BenA = KT887834; CaM = KT887795; RPB2 = MN969173.

Penicillium cravenianum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 96. 2016. [MB 811003]. — Typus: CBS H-22044. Ex-type: CBS 139138 = DAOMC 241082 = DTO 180-I5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140900; BenA = JX141076; CaM = JX157418; RPB2 = KP064636.

Penicillium cremeogriseum Chalab., Bot. Mater. Otd. Sporov. Rast. 6: 168. 1950. [MB 302390]. — Typus: CBS 223.66. Ex-type: CBS 223.66 = CCF 2071 = ATCC 18320 = ATCC 18323 = FRR 1734 = IJFM 5011 = IMI 197492 = NRRL 3389 = VKMF1034. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981586; BenA = GU981624; CaM = MN969250; RPB2 = KF296426.

Penicillium crocicola W. Yamam., Sci. Rep. Hyogo Univ. Agric. 2: 28. 1956. [MB 302391]. — Typus: CBS H-7528. Ex-type: CBS 745.70 = NRRL 6175 = ATCC 18313 = QM 7778. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189581; BenA = KM088824; CaM = KM089210; RPB2 = KM089597.

Penicillium crustosum Thom, Penicillia: 399. 1930. [MB 262401]. — Typus: IMI 91917. Ex-type: CBS 115503 = ATCC 52044 = FRR 1669 = IBT 5528 = IBT 6175 = IMI 091917 = NCTC 4002. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033472; BenA = MN969379; CaM = DQ911132; RPB2 = MN969114.

Penicillium cryptum Goch., Mycotaxon 26: 349. 1986. [MB 103648]. — Typus: NY 769. Ex-type: CBS 271.89 = ATCC 60138 = IMI 296794 = NRRL 13460. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Crypta ser. Crypta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303647; BenA = KF303608; CaM = KF303628; RPB2 = JN121478.

Penicillium crystallinum (Kwon-Chung & Fennell) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 355. 2014. [MB 809315]. — Typus: IMI 139270. Ex-type: CBS 479.65 = NRRL 5082 = ATCC 16833 = IMI 139270. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Paradoxa ser. Paradoxa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033486; BenA = EF669682; CaM = FJ530973; RPB2 = EF669669. Genome: GCA_027569675.

Penicillium cuddlyae Visagie & I.H. Rong, Persoonia 43: 381. 2019. [MB 832433]. — Typus: PREM 62302. Ex-type: PPRI 26355 = CMV016A6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Indica. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK951942; BenA = MK951835; CaM = MK951908; RPB2 = MN418450.

Penicillium curticaule Visagie & K. Jacobs, Mycol. Prog. 14: 16. 2015. [MB 809818]. — Typus: CBS H-21334. Ex-type: CBS 135127 = CV 2842 = DTO 180-D3 = DAOM 241159. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ231021; BenA = JX091526; CaM = JX141536; RPB2 = KF296417.

Penicillium cvjetkovicii S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: e0121987, 12. 2015. [MB 807369]. — Typus: BPI 881283. Ex-type: NRRL 35841 = IBT 29714. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF932963; BenA = KF932931; CaM = KF932948; RPB2 = KF933002.

Penicillium cyaneum (Bainier & Sartory) Biourge, La Cellule 33: 102. 1923. [MB 251712]. — Typus: IMI 39744. Ex-type: CBS 315.48 = CCF 2057 = ATCC 10432 = FRR 775 = IFO 5337 = IMI 039744 = NRRL 775 = QM 7516. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Ramigena ser. Ramigena. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033427; BenA = JX091552; CaM = KP735540; RPB2 = JN406575.

Penicillium cyclopium Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 90. 1911. [MB 156739]. — Typus: IMI 089372. Ex-type: CBS 144.45 = ATCC 8731 = ATHUM2888 = CECT 2264 = DSM1250 = IBT 5130 = IMI 089372 = LSHBP 123 = MUCL 15613 = NRRL 1888 = QM 6839 = VKMF-265. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Viridicata. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN097811; BenA = MN969380; CaM = KU896832; RPB2 = JN985388.

Penicillium dabashanicum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 65. 2023. [MB 571542]. — Typus: HMAS 247893. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25154. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870786; BenA = OR051047; CaM = OR051226; RPB2 = OR051400.

Penicillium daejeonium S.H. Yu & H.K. Sang, J. Microbiol. 51: 537. 2013. [MB 561572]. — Typus: KACC 46609. Ex-type: KACC 46609. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX436489; BenA = JX436493; CaM = JX436491; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium daleae [as ‘daliae’] K.M. Zalessky, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 495. 1927. [MB 262773]. — Typus: IMI 89338. Ex-type: CBS 211.28 = CCF 2110 = ATCC 10435 = IBT 16125 = DSM 2449 = FRR 2025 = IFO 6087 = IFO 9072 = IMI 034910 = MUCL 29234 = NRRL 2025. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981583; BenA = GU981649; CaM = MN969251; RPB2 = KF296427. Genome: GCA_028827525.

Penicillium danzhouense C. Liu et al., J. Fungi 9 (10, no. 960): 16. 2023. [MB 571616]. — Typus: HMAS 247880. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25204. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON563150; BenA = ON231295; CaM = ON470838; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium dazhouense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 67. 2023. [MB 571543]. — Typus: HMAS 247894. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25155. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870871; BenA = OR051220; CaM = OR051394; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium decaturense S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 96: 1290. 2004. [MB 487890]. — Typus: BPI 842267. Ex-type: CBS 117509 = NRRL 28152 = IBT 27117. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944604; BenA = JN606685; CaM = MN969252; RPB2 = JN606621.

Penicillium decumbens Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 71. 1910. [MB 156582]. — Typus: K(M) IMI 190875. Ex-type: CBS 230.81 = FRR 741 = IMI 190875 = MUCL 29107 = NRRL 741. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Alutacea. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY157490; BenA = KJ834446; CaM = KP016782; RPB2 = JN406601. Genome: GCA_027569385.

Penicillium desertorum Frisvad et al., Persoonia 29: 90. 2012. [MB 801874]. — Typus: CBS H-21056. Ex-type: CBS 131543 = IBT 16321 = DTO 148I6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997011; BenA = JX996818; CaM = JX996937; RPB2 = JX996682.

Penicillium diabolicalicense Visagie & Seifert, Persoonia 36: 265. 2016. [MB 815775]. — Typus: PDD 107542. Ex-type: DAOMC 250542 = CBS 140967 = KAS 1726. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887840; BenA = KT887801; CaM = KT887762; RPB2 = MN969175.

Penicillium diatomitis Kubátová et al., Mycol. Prog. 18: 223. 2019. [MB 824352]. — Typus: PRM 861476. Ex-type: CCF 3904 = MH 53 = CBS 140107 = IBT 30728. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Oxalica. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ430748; BenA = HE651133; CaM = LT970912; RPB2 = LT797560. Genome: GCA_028827545.

Penicillium digitatum (Pers.: Fr.) Sacc., Fung. Ital. Autogr. Delin. 17–28: tab 894. 1881. [MB 169502]. — Typus: icon in Saccardo, Fung. Ital.: tab. 894. Jul 1881 (lectotype). Ex-type: CBS 112082 = IBT 13068. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Penicillium ser. Digitata. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834506; BenA = KJ834447; CaM = KU896833; RPB2 = JN121426.

Penicillium dimorphosporum H.J. Swart, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 55: 310. 1970. [MB 120334]. — Typus: CBS 456.70. Ex-type: CBS 456.70 = CCF 2392 = NRRL 5207 = ATCC 22783 = ATCC 52501 = FRR 1120 = IMI 149680. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF081804; BenA = KJ834448; CaM = KP016783; RPB2 = JN121517.

Penicillium dipodomyicola (Frisvad, Filt. & Wicklow) Frisvad, Int. Mod. Tax. Meth. Pen. Asp. Clas.: 275. 2000. [MB 459818]. — Typus: IMI 296935. Ex-type: CBS 173.87 = CCF 2997 = IBT 21521 = IMI 296935 = ATCC 64187. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Urticicola. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431387; BenA = AY674409; CaM = KT900573; RPB2 = KT900577.

Penicillium dipodomyus [as ‘dipodomyis’] (Frisvad, Filt. & Wicklow) Banke et al., Int. Mod. Tax. Meth. Pen. Asp. Clas.: 270. 2000. [MB 459815]. — Typus: IMI 296926. Ex-type: CBS 110412 = IBT 5333 = NRRL 13485 = NRRL A-26836 = IMI 296926. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431359; BenA = AY495991; CaM = JX996950; RPB2 = JF909932.

Penicillium discolor Frisvad & Samson, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 72: 120. 1997. [MB 442902]. — Typus: IMI 285513. Ex-type: CBS 474.84 = IBT 21523 = IBT 5738 = IBT 14440 = IMI 285513 = FRR 2933. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AJ004816; BenA = AY674348; CaM = KU896834; RPB2 = KU904351.

Penicillium doidgeae Visagie et al., Persoonia 46: 176. 2021. [MB 834427]. — Typus: CBS H-22038. Ex-type: CBS 138947 = IBT 31950 = DAOM 241107 = DTO 183-G7 = CV 2189. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Atroveneta. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140804; BenA = JX141006; CaM = JX157413; RPB2 = KP016915.

Penicillium dokdoense Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, Fungal Diversity 95: 95. 2019. [MB 554459]. — Typus: CNUFC DDS11-1. Ex-type: MRC SF013606. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Copticolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG906868; BenA = MH243037; CaM = MH243031; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium donggangicum L. Wang, PeerJ 10 (e13224): 8. 2022. [MB 841518]. — Typus: HMAS 350265. Ex-type: AS 3.15900. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW946996; BenA = MZ004914; CaM = MZ004918; RPB2 = MW979253.

Penicillium donkii Stolk, Persoonia 7: 333. 1973. [MB 319267]. — Typus: CBS 188.72. Ex-type: CBS 188.72 = CCF 2079 = NRRL 5562 = ATCC 48439 = CCRC 31694 = FRR 1738 = IFO 31746 = IMI 197489 = MUCL 31188. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Stolkia ser. Stolkia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033445; BenA = JN617718; CaM = AF481136; RPB2 = MN969115.

Penicillium drakensteinense Visagie, Persoonia 53: 41. 2024. [MB 851104]. — Typus: PREM 48549. Ex-type: PPRI 2888 = CMW 59587 = CSIR 1016 = CN 154A2 = CMV 011G8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Crustacea. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450732; BenA = MK451219; CaM = MK451652; RPB2 = MK450855.

Penicillium dravuni Janso, Mycologia 97: 445. 2005. [MB 501442]. — Typus: BPI 844248. Ex-type: F01V25. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY494856; BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium dunedinense Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 121. 2014. [MB 809183]. — Typus: CBS H-21803. Ex-type: CBS 138218. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775678; BenA = KJ775171; CaM = KJ775405; RPB2 = MN969116.

Penicillium echinulatum Raper & Thom ex Fassat., Acta Univ. Carol., Biol 1974: 326. 1977. [MB 319269]. — Typus: PRM 778523. Ex-type: CBS 317.48 = CCF 2193 = IBT 6294 = IMI 040028 = ATCC 10434 = NRRL 1151 = FRR 1151 = IFO 7760 = MUCL 15615 = QM 7519. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033473; BenA = AY674341; CaM = DQ911133; RPB2 = KU904352.

Penicillium echinulonalgiovense S. Abe ex Houbraken & R.N. Barbosa, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1895. 2018. [MB 822213]. — Typus: CBS H-23172. Ex-type: CBS 328.59 = ATCC 18314 = FAT 907 = FRR 638 = IFO 6229 = IMI 068213 = QM 7301. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981587; BenA = GU981631; CaM = KX961269; RPB2 = KX961301.

Penicillium egyptiacum J.F.H. Beyma, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 88: 137. 1933. [MB 263790]. — Typus: IMI 040580. Ex-type: CBS 244.32 = ATCC 10441 = CSIR 707 = FRR 2090 = IBT 14684 = IFO 6094 = IFO 8141 = IFO 8847 = IMI 040580 = NRRL 2090 = QM 1875. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Crustacea. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033467; BenA = KU896810; CaM = JX996969; RPB2 = JN406598.

Penicillium ehrlichii Kleb., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 48: 374. 1930. [MB 319270]. — Typus: IMI 039737. Ex-type: CBS 324.48 = ATCC 10442 = IMI 039737 = IMI 039737ii = NRRL 708 = QM 1874 = VKMF-273. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033432; BenA = GU981652; CaM = MN969253; RPB2 = KF296428.

Penicillium eickeri Visagie et al., Persoonia 46: 179. 2021. [MB 834428]. — Typus: CBS H-22034. Ex-type: CBS 138939 = IBT 31921 = DAOM 241352 = DTO 181-G3 = CV 475. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140824; BenA = JX140979; CaM = JX157365; RPB2 = KP016876.

Penicillium elizabethiae Visagie & Frisvad, Persoonia 46: 179. 2021. [MB 834432]. — Typus: CBS H-22052. Ex-type: NRRL 917 = MUCL 29170 = IBT 21955 = DTO 189-B8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP016840; BenA = KJ866964; CaM = KJ867021; RPB2 = KP016918.

Penicillium elleniae Houbraken et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1470. 2011. [MB 518028]. — Typus: HUA 170339. Ex-type: CBS 118135 = IBT 23229. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981612; BenA = GU981663; CaM = MN969254; RPB2 = KF296429.

Penicillium ellipsoideosporum L. Wang & W.Y. Kong, Mycosystema 19: 463. 2000. [MB 467721]. — Typus: HMAS 71768. Ex-type: CBS 112493 = AS 3.5688. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX012224; BenA = JQ965104; CaM = AY678559; RPB2 = JN121427.

Penicillium endophyticum Condé et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 15: 193. 2025. [MB 854599]. — Typus: VIC 49476. Ex-type: COAD 3655. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP905424; BenA = PP941898; CaM = PP941889; RPB2 = PP941893.

Penicillium eremophilum (A.D. Hocking & Pitt) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 86: 47. 2017. [MB 820075]. — Typus: FRR 3338. Ex-type: CBS 123361 = IMI 313774 = ATCC 6292. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Eremophila ser. Eremophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU733341; BenA = KY709170; CaM = KY611931; RPB2 = KY611970.

Penicillium erubescens D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 14. 1968. [MB 335726]. — Typus: CBS 318.67. Ex-type: CBS 318.67 = ATCC 18544 = CSIR 1040 = FRR 814 = IFO 31734 = IMI 136204 = NRRL 6223. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033464; BenA = HQ646566; CaM = EU427281; RPB2 = JN121490.

Penicillium estinogenum A. Komatsu & S. Abe ex G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 46: 335. 1963. [MB 302397]. — Typus: IMI 68241. Ex-type: CBS 329.59 = ATCC 18310 = CCRC 31557 = FAT1196 = FRR 3428 = IFO 6230 = IMI 068241 = QM 8149 = VKMF-274. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Gracilenta ser. Estinogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431388; BenA = MN969381; CaM = MN969255; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium euglaucum J.F.H. Beyma, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 6: 269. 1940. [MB 289081]. — Typus: CBS 323.71. Ex-type: CBS 323.71 = IBT 30767. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Euglauca. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617699; BenA = JN606856; CaM = JN606564; RPB2 = JN606594.

Penicillium excelsum Taniwaki, Pitt & Frisvad, PLoS ONE 10 (12): e0143189, 8. 2015. [MB 811066]. — Typus: CCT 7772. Ex-type: ITAL 7572 = IBT 31516. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KR815341; BenA = KP691061; CaM = KR815342; RPB2 = MN969166.

Penicillium expansum Link, Mag. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 16. 1809. [MB 159382]. — Typus: CBS H-7082. Ex-type: CBS 325.48 = CCF 1221 = ATCC 7861 = ATHUM2891 = CCRC 30566 = FRR 976 = IBT 3486 = IBT 5101 = IMI 039761 = IMI 039761ii = MUCL 29192 = NRRL 976 = VKMF-275. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Penicillium ser. Penicillium. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY373912; BenA = AY674400; CaM = DQ911134; RPB2 = JF417427.

Penicillium exsudans X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Sci. Rep. 7: 7. 2017. [MB 570336]. — Typus: HMAS 248735. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18412. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX885062; BenA = KX885042; CaM = KX885052; RPB2 = KX885033.

Penicillium ezekielii Houbraken & Oyedele, Persoonia 49: 309. 2022. [MB 844770]. — Typus: CBS H-25015. Ex-type: CBS 149115 = DTO 065-D2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Jiangxiensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON723772; BenA = ON920778; CaM = ON920781; RPB2 = ON920784.

Penicillium fagi C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 63: 57. 1978. [MB 283595]. — Typus: IJFM 3049. Ex-type: CBS 689.77 = CCF 2046 = CCMF-696 = IJFM 3049 = IMI 253806 = VKMF-2178. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF481124; BenA = KJ834449; CaM = KP016784; RPB2 = JN406540.

Penicillium fellutanum Biourge, La Cellule 33: 262. 1923. [MB 264748]. — Typus: IMI 39734. Ex-type: CBS 229.81 = CBS 326.48 = CCF 2084 = ATCC 10443 = FRR 746 = IFO 5761 = IMI 039734 = IMI 039734iii = NRRL 746 = QM 7554. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Fellutana. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033399; BenA = KJ834450; CaM = AY741753; RPB2 = JN121460.

Penicillium fengjieense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 71. 2023. [MB 571545]. — Typus: HMAS 247896. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25157. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870765; BenA = OR051156; CaM = OR051333; RPB2 = OR051489.

Penicillium fennelliae Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 35: 261. 1969. [MB 335728]. — Typus: CBS 711.68. Ex-type: CBS 711.68 = ATCC 22050 = ATCC 52492 = FRR 521 = IHEM 4389 = IMI 151747 = MUCL 31322. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Brevicompacta. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX313169; BenA = MN969382; CaM = JX313151; RPB2 = JN406536.

Penicillium fernandesiae R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1895. 2018. [MB 822209]. — Typus: URM 90490. Ex-type: URM 7600 = CBS 142500. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF278314; BenA = MN969416; CaM = LT854649; RPB2 = LT854654.

Penicillium fimorum Frisvad & Houbraken, Persoonia 36: 309. 2016. [MB 815871]. — Typus: CBS H-22342. Ex-type: CBS 140575 = IBT 29495 = DTO 149-B8 = DTO 159-F1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU904342; BenA = KT698887; CaM = KT698896; RPB2 = KT698906. Genome: GCA_028828255.

Penicillium fimosum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 58. 2019. [MB 822069]. — Typus: CBS H-23185. Ex-type: FMR 15104 = CBS 142991. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Paradoxa ser. Atramentosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = LT898273; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium flavigenum [as ‘flavogenum’] Frisvad & Samson, Mycol. Res. 101: 620. 1997. [MB 437441]. — Typus: CBS 419.89. Ex-type: CBS 419.89 = BT21526 = IBT 3091 = IBT V1035 = IMI 293207. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997105; BenA = AY495993; CaM = JX996281; RPB2 = JN406551.

Penicillium flaviroseum L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 528. 2018. [MB 818159]. — Typus: HMAS 247727. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18805 = NN 072483 = CBS 144479. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495032; BenA = KY495141; CaM = MN969329; RPB2 = KY495083.

Penicillium flavisclerotiatum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 419. 2014. [MB 809963]. — Typus: CBS H-21879. Ex-type: CBS 137750 = DTO 180-I8 = CV 100 = DAOM 241157. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140757; BenA = JX271497; CaM = JX157268; RPB2 = KM089661.

Penicillium flemingii X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 73. 2023. [MB 571546]. — Typus: HMAS 247897. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25158. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ867293; BenA = OR051093; CaM = OR051270; RPB2 = OR051441.

Penicillium floccosum R.N. Liang & G.Z. Zhao, Front. Microbiol. 15 (no. 1329299): 3. 2024. [MB 850534]. — Typus: HMAS 352644. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25422. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Osmophila ser. Osmophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR512914; BenA = OR594640; CaM = OR594641; RPB2 = OR538540.

Penicillium fluviserpens S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: e0121987, 14. 2015. [MB 807370]. — Typus: BPI 881284. Ex-type: NRRL 35838 = IBT 29686. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF932961; BenA = KF932929; CaM = KF932946; RPB2 = KF933000.

Penicillium formosanum H.M. Hsieh et al., Trans. Mycol. Soc. Rep. China 2: 159. 1987. [MB 126488]. — Typus: PPEH 10001. Ex-type: CBS 211.92 = IBT 19748 = IBT 21527. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Formosana ser. Formosana. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411696; BenA = AY674426; CaM = KU896835; RPB2 = JN406615.

Penicillium fortuitum Visagie & Seifert, Persoonia 41: 386. 2018. [MB 827860]. — Typus: DAOM 745786. Ex-type: DAOMC 251497 = DTO 313-A3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Fortuita. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF803942; BenA = MF803836; CaM = MF803932; RPB2 = MN969206.

Penicillium fractum Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 9: 51. 1968. [MB 335729]. — Typus: NHL 6104. Ex-type: CBS 124.68 = ATCC 18567 = FRR 3448 = IMI 136701 = NHL 6104 = NRRL 3448. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Inusitata ser. Inusitata. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411674; BenA = KJ834452; CaM = MN969256; RPB2 = JN121441.

Penicillium freii Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 28. 2004. [MB 369274]. — Typus: IMI 285513. Ex-type: CBS 476.84 = IBT 5137 = IMI 285513. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Viridicata. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431389; BenA = KU896813; CaM = KU896836; RPB2 = JN985430.

Penicillium frequentans [as ‘frequentans’] Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 133. 1911. [MB 152118]. — Typus: CBS 105.11. Ex-type: CBS 105.11 = CCF 2082. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189525; BenA = KM088762; CaM = KM089147; RPB2 = KM089534.

Penicillium fructuariae-cellae Lorenzini et al., Phytopathol. Medit. 58: 713. 2019. [MB 833218]. — Typus: ITEM 18276. Ex-type: CBS 145110. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK039434; BenA = KU554679; CaM = MK045337; RPB2 = MK520927.

Penicillium fujianense Zhi Y. Zhang et al., MycoKeys 98: 178. 2023. [MB 844154]. — Typus: HMAS 351866. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20781 = GZUIFR 21.880. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL897024; BenA = ON569037; CaM = ON568883; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium fundyense Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 265. 2016. [MB 815776]. — Typus: DAOM 695767. Ex-type: DAOMC 250519 = CBS 140980 = NBBR-2-3 = W466 = KAS 2174. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Citreonigra. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887853; BenA = KT887814; CaM = KT887775; RPB2 = MN969176.

Penicillium fuscoglaucum Biourge, La Cellule 33: 128. 1923. [MB 265659]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 261.29 = IMI 092259 = LSHB P81 = MUCL 28651 = NRRL 892 = CBS 122423 = DTO 461-D2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH855062; BenA = OR206420; CaM = OR206421; RPB2 = OR206422.

Penicillium fuscum (Sopp) Biourge, La Cellule 33: 103. 1923. [MB 289082]. — Typus: CBS H-7107. Ex-type: CBS 295.62 = ATCC 14770 = CCRC 31517 = DSM 2438 = IFO 7743 = IMI 094209 = MUCL 31196 = NRRL 3008 = WSF15c. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033411; BenA = KM088785; CaM = KM089170; RPB2 = JN121483. Genome: GCA_028828865.

Penicillium fusiforme B.D. Sun et al., Mycol. Prog. 20: 1389. 2021. [MB 838212]. — Typus: CBS H-22840. Ex-type: CBS 250.66 = DTO 035-D7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Fellutana. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT309668; BenA = MT302253; CaM = MT302220; RPB2 = MT302236.

Penicillium fusisporum L. Wang, PLoS ONE 9 (7): 1014542. 2014. [MB 806119]. — Typus: HMAS 244961. Ex-type: CBS 137463 = NRRL 62805 = AS 3.15338. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF769424; BenA = KF769400; CaM = KF769413; RPB2 = MN969117.

Penicillium fuyuanense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 10 (5, no. 342): 7. 2024. [MB 571813]. — Typus: HMAS 247927. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.27293 = HLJ 59-03. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP357618; BenA = PP373069; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = PP373080.

Penicillium gallaicum C. Ramírez et al., Mycopathologia 72: 30. 1980. [MB 113021]. — Typus: IJFM 5597. Ex-type: CBS 167.81 = ATCC 42232 = IJFM 5597. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Gallaica. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617690; BenA = JN606837; CaM = JN606548; RPB2 = JN606609.

Penicillium geertdesnooi Crous et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 14: 339. 2024. [MB 855809]. — Typus: CBS 148827. Ex-type: CBS 148827 = SPC 81.14. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: PQ498928; BenA = PQ497772; CaM = PQ497711; RPB2 = PQ497719.

Penicillium georgiense S.W. Peterson & B.W. Horn, Mycologia 101: 79. 2009. [MB 509290]. — Typus: BPI 877332. Ex-type: CBS 132826 = NRRL 35509. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Ramigena ser. Georgiensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF422852; BenA = EF506223; CaM = EF506239; RPB2 = KM089734.

Penicillium gercinae A.L. Alves et al., Acta Bot. Brasil 36 (e2022abb0006): 10. 2022. [MB 841260]. — Typus: URM 94476. Ex-type: URM 8348. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Ramigena ser. Georgiensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW648591; BenA = MW646389; CaM = MW646391; RPB2 = MW646393.

Penicillium geumsanense Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 96: 101. 2019. [MB 555412]. — Typus: CNUFC-GEU2229-1. Ex-type: CNUFC GEU2229-1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Glandicolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = MK481059; CaM = MK481062; RPB2 = MK481055.

Penicillium glabrum (Wehmer) Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 131. 1911. [MB 120545]. — Typus: IMI 91944. Ex-type: CBS 125543 = IBT 22658 = IMI 91944. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189530; BenA = GU981619; CaM = KM089152; RPB2 = JF417447.

Penicillium gladioli L. McCulloch & Thom, Science 67: 217. 1928. [MB 266048]. — Typus: IMI 34911. Ex-type: CBS 332.48 = ATCC 10448 = FRR 939 = IBT 14772 = IMI 034911 = IMI 034911ii = LCP 89.202 = MUCL 29174 = NRRL 939 = QM 1955 = VKMF2088. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Gladioli. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033480; BenA = AY674287; CaM = KU896837; RPB2 = MN969118.

Penicillium glandicola (Oudem.) Seifert & Samson, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 147. 1985. [MB 114761]. — Typus: Netherlands, Valkenburg, Jul 1901, Rick in herb. Oudemans (L). Ex-type: CBS 498.75 = IBT 21529 = IMI 154241. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Glandicolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB479308; BenA = KU896814; CaM = KU896838; RPB2 = KU904354.

Penicillium glaucoalbidum (Desm.) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB 561965]. — Typus: On needles of Picea meelsa, Forêt de Charny, Côte d’Or, France. 1889. Coll. F. Fautrey. C. Roumeguère, Fungi selecti exsiccati n. 5289. Representative strain: DAOMC 252030. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Thysanophora ser. Thysanophora. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV111346; BenA = PV182309; CaM = PV181269; RPB2 = PV180111. Notes: No living type material is available for Penicillium glaucoalbidum (≡ Sclerotium glaucoalbidum [MB 212120] = Thysanophora glaucoalbida [MB 340085] = Thysanophora penicillioides [MB 340087]). Several studies have published sequence data for the species that revealed a large degree of sequence variation (Houbraken & Samson 2011). The broader clade appears to be consistent, however, and we thus propose DAOMC 252030 as a temporary reference for P. glaucoalbidum. This strain was isolated from Picea rubens needles collected in Albert County, Canada. Even though not from the original source France, the location of DAOMC 252030 at least corresponds with the general region from where Kendrick (1961) collected a significant proportion of the material he used when he introduced Thysanophora penicillioides for Sclerotium glaucoalbidum. The species needs a future revision.

Penicillium glaucoroseum Demelius, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 72: 72. 1923. [MB 158423]. — Typus: Fig. 3. (Demelius, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 72: 73, 1923 (1922) (lectotype); CBS H-22050 (epitype). Ex-type: CBS 138908 = NRRL 908. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431390; BenA = MN969383; CaM = MN969257; RPB2 = MN969119.

Penicillium globosum L. Cai et al., Cladistics 35: 529. 2018. [MB 818149]. — Typus: HMAS 247726. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18800 = NN 072354 = CBS 144639. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495014; BenA = KY495123; CaM = MN969330; RPB2 = KY495067.

Penicillium godlewskii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 466. 1927. [MB 266206]. — Typus: CBS 215.28. Ex-type: CBS 215.28 = CCF 2376 = ATCC 10449 = ATCC 48714 = FRR 2111 = IFO 7724 = IMI 040591 = MUCL 29243 = NRRL 2111 = QM 7566 = VKMF-1826. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617692; BenA = JN606768; CaM = MN969258; RPB2 = JN606626.

Penicillium goetzii J. Rogers et al., Persoonia 29: 92. 2012. [MB 801876]. — Typus: CBS H-21061. Ex-type: CBS 285.73 = DTO 88G6 = IBT 30199. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Goetziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997091; BenA = KU896815; CaM = JX996971; RPB2 = JX996716.

Penicillium gorferi Labuda et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 13: 307. 2024. [MB 851136]. — Typus: PRM 959949. Ex-type: CBS 151105 = BiMM-F311 = CCF 6700. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Alfrediorum ser. Alfrediorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR676676; BenA = OR768960; CaM = OR768961; RPB2 = OR795059.

Penicillium gorlenkoanum Baghd., Novosti. Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 5: 97. 1968. [MB 335731]. — Typus: CBS H-7490. Ex-type: CBS 408.69 = CCF 2163 = FRR 511 = IMI 140339 = VKMF-1079. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Citrina. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944581; BenA = GU944520; CaM = MN969259; RPB2 = JN606601.

Penicillium gracehopperae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 9: 13. 2023. [MB 900779]. — Typus: BRIP 74906a. Ex-type: BRIP 74906a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR271912; BenA = OR269445; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OR269439.

Penicillium gracilentum Udagawa & Y. Horie, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 14: 373. 1973. [MB 319272]. — Typus: NHL 6452. Ex-type: CBS 599.73 = ATCC 28047 = ATCC 48258 = FRR 1557 = IMI 216900 = NHL 6452. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Gracilenta ser. Gracilenta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411768; BenA = KJ834453; CaM = MN969260; RPB2 = JN121537.

Penicillium grancanariae C. Ramírez et al., Mycopathologia 66: 79. 1978. [MB 319273]. — Typus: IJFM 3745. Ex-type: CBS 687.77 = IJFM 3745 = IMI 253783. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Spinulosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189529; BenA = KM088766; CaM = KM089151; RPB2 = KM089538.

Penicillium granulatum Bainier, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 21: 126. 1905. [MB 174620]. — Typus: CBS 333.48. Ex-type: CBS 333.48 = DTO 246-F5 = ATCC 10450 = FRR 2036 = IBT 6592 = IMI 040220 = MUCL 15621 = NRRL 2036 = QM 6868. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Glandicolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ339565; BenA = MT478038; CaM = MT478036; RPB2 = MT478035.

Penicillium gravinicasei S.W. Peterson et al., Int. J. Food Microb. 282: 67. 2018. [MB 823510]. — Typus: BPI 910534. Ex-type: NRRL 66733 = ITEM 17411. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Cinnamopurpurea. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG600580; BenA = MG600565; CaM = MG600570; RPB2 = MG600575.

Penicillium grevilleicola Houbraken & Quaedvlieg, Stud. Mycol. 78: 423. 2014. [MB 809964]. — Typus: CBS H-21871. Ex-type: CBS 137775 = DTO 174-E6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189630; BenA = KM088874; CaM = KM089261; RPB2 = KM089648.

Penicillium griseoazureum C. Moreau & M. Moreau ex C. Ramírez, Manual and Atlas of the Penicillia: 61. 1982. [MB 115800]. — Typus: CBS 162.42. Ex-type: CBS 162.42 = CCF 2070 = FRR 1361. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411679; BenA = KP016919; CaM = KP016823; RPB2 = KP016852.

Penicillium griseoflavum L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 531. 2018. [MB 818151]. — Typus: HMAS 247729. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18799 = CBS 144525. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495011; BenA = KY495120; CaM = MN969331; RPB2 = KY495064.

Penicillium griseofulvum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB 120566]. — Typus: IMI 75832. Ex-type: CBS 185.27 = ATCC 11885 = ATHUM2893 = CECT 2605 = DSM896 = IBT 6740 = IFO 7640 = IFO 7641 = IMI 075832 = IMI 075832ii = LCP 79.3245 = LSHBP 68 = MUCL 28643 = NRRL 2152 = NRRL 2300 = QM 6902 = VKMF-286. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Urticicola. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033468; BenA = JF909942; CaM = KT900574; RPB2 = JN121449.

Penicillium griseolum G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 40: 485. 1957. [MB 302401]. — Typus: L.S.H.T.M. BB 323; K(M) IMI 071626 (isotype). Ex-type: CBS 277.58 = ATCC 18239 = FRR 2671 = IFO 8175 = IMI 071626 = LSHBB 323 = NRRL 2671 = QM 7523. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Griseola ser. Griseola. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF422848; BenA = EF506213; CaM = EF506232; RPB2 = JN121480.

Penicillium griseopurpureum G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 48: 275. 1965. [MB 335732]. — Typus: IMI 96157. Ex-type: CBS 406.65 = ATCC 22353 = FRR 3429 = IFO 9147 = IMI 096157. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF296408; BenA = KF296467; CaM = MN969261; RPB2 = KF296431.

Penicillium guaibinense J.P. Andrade et al., Persoonia 41: 389. 2018. [MB 827182]. — Typus: HURB 18573. Ex-type: CCDCA 11512 = 23EM8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH674389; BenA = MH674391; CaM = MH674393; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium guanacastense K.G. Rivera et al., Mycotaxon 119: 324. 2011. [MB 563044]. — Typus: DAOM 239912. Ex-type: DAOMC 239912 = CCFC 239912. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN626098; BenA = JN625967; CaM = JN626010; RPB2 = KX961295.

Penicillium guangxiense L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 533. 2018. [MB 818150]. — Typus: HMAS 247737. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18793 = NN 044175 = CBS 144526. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY494986; BenA = KY495095; CaM = MN969332; RPB2 = KY495045.

Penicillium guarroi Torres-Garcia et al., MycoKeys 86: 121. 2022. [MB 840557]. — Typus: CBS H-24782. Ex-type: CBS 148238 = FMR 17747. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Gracilenta ser. Estinogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR814139; BenA = LR814134; CaM = LR814140; RPB2 = LR814145.

Penicillium guizhouense Zhi Y. Zhang & Y. F. Han, Mycosphere 15: 683. 2024. [MB 850374]. — Typus: ZY H-22.035. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25508 = ZY 22.035. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Guizhouorum ser. Guizhouorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR680514; BenA = OR843219; CaM = OR828450; RPB2 = OR842931.

Penicillium guttulosum J.C. Gilman & E.V. Abbott, Iowa St. Coll. J. Sci. 1: 298. 1927. [MB 266689]. — Typus: Iowa St. Coll. J. Sci. 1: 298, 1927 Fig. 33 (lectotype); CBS H-22566 (epitype). Ex-type: ATCC 48734 = NRRL 907 = FRR 907 = Thom 4894.16. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = HQ646592; BenA = HQ646576; CaM = HQ646587; RPB2 = MG386247.

Penicillium hainanense L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 534. 2018. [MB 818156]. — Typus: HMAS 247730. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18798 = NN 072329 = CBS 144527. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495009; BenA = KY495118; CaM = MN969333; RPB2 = KY495062.

Penicillium halotolerans Frisvad et al., Persoonia 29: 92. 2012. [MB 801875]. — Typus: CBS H-21060. Ex-type: CBS 131537 = DTO 148H9 = IBT 4315. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997005; BenA = JX996816; CaM = JX996935; RPB2 = JX996680.

Penicillium hemitrachum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 99. 2016. [MB 811004]. — Typus: CBS H-22042. Ex-type: CBS 139134 = DAOMC 241098 = DTO 180-D8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ231003; BenA = JX141048; CaM = JX157526; RPB2 = KP064642.

Penicillium hennebertii Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB 561964]. — Typus: CBS H-7854. Ex-type: CBS 334.68 = ATCC 18741 = IMI 137644 = MUCL 21216 = VKMF-2999. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Thysanophora ser. Thysanophora. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834507; BenA = KJ834454; CaM = MN969262; RPB2 = JN121493.

Penicillium hepuense L. Wang, PeerJ 10 (e13224): 11. 2022. [MB 841525]. — Typus: HMAS 350263. Ex-type: AS 3.16039 = TT2-4X3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Oxalica. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW946994; BenA = MZ004912; CaM = MZ004916; RPB2 = MW979254.

Penicillium hermansii Houbraken et al., Mycol. Prog. 18: 32. 2018. [MB 823949]. — Typus: CBS H-21028. Ex-type: CBS 124296 = DTO 079-D5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG333472; BenA = MG386214; CaM = MG386229; RPB2 = MG386242.

Penicillium herquei [as ‘herqueri’] Bainier & Sartory, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 28: 121. 1912. [MB 536431]. — Typus: IMI 28809. Ex-type: CBS 336.48 = CCF 2769 = NRRL 1040 = ATCC 10118 = BIOURGE 452 = FRR 1040 = IFO 31747 = IMI 28809 = MUCL 29213 = NCTC 1721 = QM 1926 = Thom 4640.447. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN626101; BenA = JN625970; CaM = JN626013; RPB2 = JN121494.

Penicillium heteromorphum [as ‘heteromorphus’] H.Z. Kong & Z.T. Qi, Mycosystema 1: 107. 1988. [MB 135444]. — Typus: CBS 226.89. Ex-type: CBS 226.89. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411702; BenA = KJ834455; CaM = KP016786; RPB2 = JN406605.

Penicillium hetheringtonii Houbraken et al., Fungal Diversity 44: 125. 2010. [MB 518292]. — Typus: CBS 122392. Ex-type: CBS 122392 = IBT 29057. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Citrina. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944558; BenA = GU944538; CaM = MN969263; RPB2 = JN606606.

Penicillium hirayamae Udagawa, J. Agric. Soc. Tokyo 5: 6. 1959. [MB 302402]. — Typus: CBS 229.60. Ex-type: CBS 229.60 = ATCC 18312 = IFO 6435 = IMI 078255 = IMI 078255ii = NHL 6046 = NRRL 143 = QM 7885. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN626095; BenA = JN625955; CaM = JN626003; RPB2 = JN121459.

Penicillium hirsutum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 89. 1901. [MB 152720]. — Typus: IMI 40213. Ex-type: CBS 135.41 = ATCC 10429 = FRR 2032 = IBT 21531 = IFO 6092 = IMI 040213 = MUCL 15622 = NRRL 2032. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Corymbifera. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY373918; BenA = MN969384; CaM = KU896840; RPB2 = JN406629.

Penicillium hispanicum C. Ramírez et al., Mycopathologia 66: 77. 1978. [MB 319274]. — Typus: IJFM 3223. Ex-type: CBS 691.77 = CCF 2048 = ATCC 38667 = DSM2416 = IJFM 3223 = IMI 253785 = VKMF-2179. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Ramigena ser. Ramigena. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX841247; BenA = KJ834456; CaM = MN969264; RPB2 = JN406539.

Penicillium hoeksii Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 423. 2014. [MB 809965]. — Typus: CBS H-21860. Ex-type: CBS 137776 = DTO 192-H4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Hoeksiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189707; BenA = KM088954; CaM = KM089341; RPB2 = KM089728.

Penicillium hordei Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 35: 270. 1969. [MB 335734]. — Typus: CBS 701.68. Ex-type: CBS 701.68 = ATCC 22053 = CECT 2290 = FRR 815 = IBT 17804 = IBT 6980 = IMI 151748 = MUCL 39559. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Corymbifera. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431391; BenA = MN969385; CaM = KU896841; RPB2 = KU904355.

Penicillium ibericum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 58. 2019. [MB 822070]. — Typus: CBS H-23186. Ex-type: FMR 15040 = CBS 142992. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Paradoxa ser. Atramentosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT899782; BenA = LT898285; CaM = LT899766; RPB2 = LT899800.

Penicillium idahoense Paden, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 43: 259. 1971. [MB 319275]. — Typus: UVIC JWP 66-32. Ex-type: CBS 341.68 = NRRL 5274 = ATCC 22055 = FRR 881 = IMI 148393. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411747; BenA = EF626953; CaM = EF626954; RPB2 = JN121499.

Penicillium improvisum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 256. 2016. [MB 815769]. — Typus: DAOM 695768. Ex-type: DAOMC 250547 = CBS 140994 = KAS 2386 = W156. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Improvisa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887867; BenA = KT887828; CaM = KT887789; RPB2 = MN969169.

Penicillium incoloratum L.Q. Huang & Z.T. Qi, Acta Mycol. Sin. 13: 264. 1994. [MB 363421]. — Typus: HMAS 65949. Ex-type: CBS 101753 = AS 3.4672. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Nodula. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834508; BenA = KJ834457; CaM = KJ866984; RPB2 = JN406651.

Penicillium indicum D.K. Sandhu & R.S. Sandhu, Canad. J. Bot. 41: 1273. 1963. [MB 335735]. — Typus: New Delhi-12; CBS H-7476 (isotype). Ex-type: CBS 115.63 = CCF 2095 = NRRL 3387 = ATCC 18324 = FRR 3387 = IFO 31744 = IMI 166620. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Indica. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY742699; BenA = EU427263; CaM = AY741744; RPB2 = JN406640.

Penicillium infra-aurantiacum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 426. 2014. [MB 809966]. — Typus: CBS H-21880. Ex-type: CBS 137747 = DTO 183-C3 = CV 1518 = DAOM 241145. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Sublectatica. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140746; BenA = JX271568; CaM = JX157337; RPB2 = KM089704.

Penicillium infrabuccale [as ‘infrabuccalum’] Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 275. 2016. [MB 836016]. — Typus: DAOM 695769. Ex-type: DAOMC 250537 = CBS 140983 = NBSM-6-2 = W475 = KAS 2181. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887856; BenA = KT887817; CaM = KT887778; RPB2 = MN969181.

Penicillium infrapurpureum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 116. 2014. [MB 809181]. — Typus: CBS H-21801. Ex-type: CBS 138219 = DTO 235F6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775679; BenA = KJ775172; CaM = KJ775406; RPB2 = MN969120.

Penicillium inusitatum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 20. 1968. [MB 335736]. — Typus: CBS 351.67. Ex-type: CBS 351.67 = ATCC 18622 = CSIR 1096 = FRR 1163 = IMI 136214 = NRRL 5810. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Inusitata ser. Inusitata. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033431; BenA = KJ834458; CaM = MN969265; RPB2 = JN121503.

Penicillium irregulare Torres-Garcia et al., MycoKeys 86: 125. 2022. [MB 840558]. — Typus: CBS H-24783. Ex-type: CBS 148240 = FMR 17859. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR814181; BenA = LR814144; CaM = LR814151; RPB2 = LR814182.

Penicillium isariiforme Stolk & J.A. Mey., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 40: 187. 1957. [MB 302403]. — Typus: IMI 60371. Ex-type: CBS 247.56 = ATCC 18425 = CCRC 31699 = IFO 6393 = IHEM 4376 = IMI 060371 = LSHBB B308 = MUCL 31191 = MUCL 31323 = NRRL 2638 = QM 1897. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Ochrosalmonea ser. Ochrosalmonea. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF454077; BenA = KJ834459; CaM = MN969266; RPB2 = JN121470.

Penicillium italicum Wehmer, Hedwigia 33: 211. 1894. [MB 162660]. — Typus: CBS 339.48. Ex-type: CBS 339.48 = ATCC 10454 = DSM2754 = FRR 983 = IBT 23029 = IMI 039760 = MUCL 15608 = NRRL 983 = QM 7572. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Penicillium ser. Italica. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834509; BenA = AY674398; CaM = DQ911135; RPB2 = JN121496.

Penicillium jacksonii K.G. Rivera et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 151. 2011. [MB 563160]. — Typus: DAOM 239937. Ex-type: DAOMC 239937 = CCFC 239937. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN686437; BenA = JN686368; CaM = JN686391; RPB2 = PV180446.

Penicillium jamesonlandense Frisvad & Overy, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56: 1435. 2006. [MB 521421]. — Typus: DAOM 234087. Ex-type: CBS 102888 = DAOM 234087 = IBT 21984 = IBT 24411. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ267912; BenA = DQ309448; CaM = KJ866985; RPB2 = MN969121.

Penicillium janczewskii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 488. 1927. [MB 120703]. — Typus: IMI 191499. Ex-type: CBS 221.28 = CCF 2366 = FRR 919 = IMI 191499 = NRRL 919. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY157487; BenA = MN969386; CaM = MN969267; RPB2 = JN406612.

Penicillium janthinellum Biourge, La Cellule 33: 258. 1923. [MB 119134]. — Typus: IMI 40238. Ex-type: CBS 340.48 = CCF 2377 = ATCC 10455 = IMI 040238 = NRRL 2016 = QM 6865. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981585; BenA = GU981625; CaM = MN969268; RPB2 = JN121497.

Penicillium javanicum J.F.H. Beyma, Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk. 26: 17. 1929. [MB 268394]. — Typus: IMI 39733. Ex-type: CBS 341.48 = CCF 3010 = ATCC 9099 = CSIR 831 = FRR 707 = IFO 31735 = IMI 039733 = MUCL 29099 = NRRL 707 = QM 1876. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981613; BenA = GU981657; CaM = MN969269; RPB2 = JN121498.

Penicillium jejuense M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim, Mycologia 107: 212. 2015. [MB 808392]. — Typus: SFC 20140101-M756. Ex-type: KCTC 46212 = CBS 138646. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF818464; BenA = KF818461; CaM = KF818470; RPB2 = KF818467.

Penicillium jensenii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 494. 1927. [MB 120708]. — Typus: IMI 39768. Ex-type: CBS 327.59 = CCF 2367 = ATCC 18317 = FRR 909 = IFO 5764 = IMI 039768 = LCP 89.1389 = NRRL 909 = QM 7587. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY443470; BenA = JX140954; CaM = AY443490; RPB2 = JN406614.

Penicillium jianfenglingense L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 535. 2018. [MB 818161]. — Typus: HMAS 247731. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18802 = NN 072384 = CBS 144640. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495016; BenA = KY495125; CaM = MN969334; RPB2 = KY495069.

Penicillium jiangjinense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 77. 2023. [MB 571548]. — Typus: HMAS 247899. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25160. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870840; BenA = OR051189; CaM = OR051364; RPB2 = OR062054.

Penicillium jiangxiense H.Z. Kong & Z.Q. Liang, Mycosystema 22: 4. 2003. [MB 489161]. — Typus: HMAS 82540. Ex-type: AS 3.6521. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Jiangxiensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ890411; BenA = KJ890409; CaM = KJ890407; RPB2 = MN969122.

Penicillium jiaozhouwanicum L. Wang, PeerJ 10 (e13224): 13. 2022. [MB 841531]. — Typus: HMAS 350262. Ex-type: AS 3.16038 = 0801H2-2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Oxalica. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW946993; BenA = MZ004911; CaM = MZ004915; RPB2 = MW979252.

Penicillium jinyunshanicum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 81. 2023. [MB 571550]. — Typus: HMAS 247901. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25162. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870766; BenA = OR051157; CaM = OR051334; RPB2 = OR051490.

Penicillium joangloverae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 46: 11. 2024. [MB 902840]. — Typus: BRIP 76466a. Ex-type: BRIP 76466a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = PQ431210; BenA = PQ433379; CaM = PQ433377; RPB2 = PQ433378.

Penicillium johnkrugii K.G. Rivera, Houbraken & Seifert, Stud. Mycol. 70: 151. 2011. [MB 563161]. — Typus: DAOM 239943. Ex-type: DAOMC 239943 = CCFC 239943. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN686447; BenA = JN686378; CaM = JN686401; RPB2 = PV180450.

Penicillium johnpittii X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 83. 2023. [MB 571551]. — Typus: HMAS 247902. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25163. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Gracilenta ser. Macrosclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870826; BenA = OR051102; CaM = OR051279; RPB2 = OR051448.

Penicillium kalander Visagie & Yilmaz, Mycologia 115: 95. 2022. [MB 844185]. — Typus: PREM 63223. Ex-type: CMW 56202 = CN014E1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT949914; BenA = MT957421; CaM = MT957461; RPB2 = MT957487.

Penicillium kananaskense Seifert et al., Canad. J. Bot. 72: 20. 1994. [MB 362160]. — Typus: DAOM 216105. Ex-type: CBS 530.93 = ATCC 90282 = DAOMC 216105 = IBT 11775 = IMI 356791. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Livida. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189780; BenA = KM089030; CaM = KM089417; RPB2 = KM089804.

Penicillium katangense Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 34: 42. 1968. [MB 120725]. — Typus: CBS 247.67. Ex-type: CBS 247.67 = ATCC 18388 = IMI 136206 = NRRL 5182. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033458; BenA = KP016757; CaM = KP016788; RPB2 = KP064646.

Penicillium keayae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 32: 9. 2024. [MB 901776]. — Typus: MST-FP2043. Ex-type: MST-FP2043. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP416842; BenA = PP438393; CaM = PP438369; RPB2 = PP438378.

Penicillium kewense G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 44: 42. 1961. [MB 335740]. — Typus: L.S.H.T.M. BB 400. Ex-type: CBS 344.61 = ATCC 18240 = FRR 3441 = IFO 8113 = IMI 086561 = LSHBB B400 = MUCL 2685 = NRRL 3332 = QM 7958. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Crustacea. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033466; BenA = KU896816; CaM = JX996973; RPB2 = JF417428.

Penicillium kiamaense Houbraken & Pitt, Stud. Mycol. 78: 426. 2014. [MB 809967]. — Typus: CBS H-21857. Ex-type: CBS 137947 = FRR 6087 = DTO 056-I6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Kiamaensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189506; BenA = KM088743; CaM = KM089128; RPB2 = KM089515.

Penicillium kirstenboschense Visagie & Houbraken, Persoonia 53: 42. 2024. [MB 851105]. — Typus: PREM 62305. Ex-type: PPRI 2883 = CMW 59586 = CN 153I7 = CMV 007I1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450730; BenA = MK451133; CaM = MK451665; RPB2 = MK450868.

Penicillium kongii L. Wang, Mycologia 105: 1549. 2013. [MB 803185]. — Typus: HMAS 244382. Ex-type: AS 3.15329. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Brevicompacta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC427191; BenA = KC427171; CaM = KC427151; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium koreense S.B. Hong et al., J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 24: 1607. 2014. [MB 808759]. — Typus: KACC 47721. Ex-type: CBS 141338 = KACC 47721 = DTO 347-C1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ801939; BenA = KM000846; CaM = MN969317; RPB2 = MN969159.

Penicillium krskae Labuda et al., J. Fungi 7 (7, no. 557): 7. 2021. [MB 839112]. — Typus: PRM 955188. Ex-type: CBS 147776 = BiMM-F280 = CCF 6561. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW794123; BenA = MW774594; CaM = MW774595; RPB2 = MW774593.

Penicillium kurssanovii [as ‘kursanovii’] Chalabuda, Bot. Mater. Otd. Sporov. Rast. 6: 168. 1950. [MB 274327]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 625.67 = ATCC 18387 = FRR 3381 = IJFM 5045 = IMI 129965 = NRRL 3381 = VKMF-1244. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF422849; BenA = KP016758; CaM = KP016789; RPB2 = KP064647.

Penicillium labradoris [as ‘labradorum’] Gibas et al., Med. Mycol. 58: 1061. 2020. [MB 838376]. — Typus: CBS H-24321. Ex-type: CBS 145775 = UTHSCSA DI19-20. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK881918; BenA = MK887898; CaM = MK887899; RPB2 = MK887900.

Penicillium laeve (K. Ando & Manoch) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB 561960]. — Typus: TNS-F-238517. Ex-type: CBS 136665 = KY 12727 = NBRC 109724. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF667369; BenA = KF667365; CaM = KF667367; RPB2 = KF667371.

Penicillium laevigatum L. Cai et al., Cladistics 35: 537. 2018. [MB 818154]. — Typus: HMAS 247728. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18801 = NN 072364 = CBS 144481. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495015; BenA = KY495124; CaM = MN969335; RPB2 = KY495068.

Penicillium lagena (Delitsch) Stolk & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 23: 100. 1983. [MB 109162]. — Typus: Fig. 233, Delitsch, Ergebnisse der theoretischen und angewandten Mikrobiologie: Band I: Systematik der Schimmelpilze. J. Neumann, Neudamm, Germany, Tafel 30, 1943 (lectotype); CBS 185.65 (epitype). Ex-type: CBS 185.65 = IBT 129212 = MUCL 8221 = JCM10149 = OAC10034. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303665; BenA = KF303619; CaM = KF303634; RPB2 = JN121450. Genome: GCA_028827675.

Penicillium lanosocoeruleum Thom, Penicillia: 322. 1930. [MB 268949]. — Typus: NRRL 888. Ex-type: CBS 215.30 = CBS 334.48 = CCF 2253 = ATCC 10459 = IFO 7761 = IMI 039818 = NRRL 888 = QM 6755 = VKMF-3089. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Aethiopica. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997110; BenA = KU896817; CaM = JX996967; RPB2 = JX996723.

Penicillium lanosum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 97. 1911. [MB 178497]. — Typus: IMI 40224. Ex-type: CBS 106.11 = CCF 2179 = ATCC 10458 = FRR 2009 = IFO 5851 = IFO 6099 = IMI 040224 = LSHBP 86 = MUCL 29232 = NRRL 2009 = QM 7591. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ304540; BenA = DQ285627; CaM = FJ530974; RPB2 = KU904356.

Penicillium lapidosum Raper & Fennell, Mycologia 40: 524. 1948. [MB 289094]. — Typus: IMI 39743. Ex-type: CBS 343.48 = ATCC 10462 = CCT4477 = IFO 6100 = IMI 039743 = NRRL 718 = QM 1928. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431392; BenA = KJ834465; CaM = FJ530984; RPB2 = JN121500.

Penicillium lassenii Paden, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 43: 266. 1971. [MB 319281]. — Typus: UVIC JWP 69-26. Ex-type: CBS 277.70 = NRRL 5272 = ATCC 22054 = FRR 858 = IMI 148395. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lasseniorum ser. Lasseniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303648; BenA = KF303607; CaM = KF303629; RPB2 = JN121481.

Penicillium lebretii J.P. Nóbrega et al., Mycol. Prog. 23 (no. 71): 20. 2024. [MB 852535]. — Typus: HURM 95601. Ex-type: URM 8920. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: PP505382; BenA = PP806629; CaM = PP806634; RPB2 = PP942621.

Penicillium lemhiflumine S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: e0121987, 14. 2015. [MB 807371]. — Typus: BPI 881287. Ex-type: NRRL 35843 = IBT 29684. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF932964; BenA = KF932932; CaM = KF932949; RPB2 = KF933003.

Penicillium lenticrescens Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 123. 2014. [MB 809184]. — Typus: CBS H-21804. Ex-type: CBS 138215 = DTO 129A8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Soppiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775675; BenA = KJ775168; CaM = KJ775404; RPB2 = MN969123.

Penicillium levitum Raper & Fennell, Mycologia 40: 511. 1948. [MB 289096]. — Typus: IMI 039735. Ex-type: CBS 345.48 = ATCC 10464 = IFO 6101 = IFO 8849 = IMI 039735 = NRRL 705 = QM 1877. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981607; BenA = GU981654; CaM = MN969270; RPB2 = KF296432.

Penicillium lilacinoechinulatum S. Abe ex G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 46: 335. 1963. [MB 120793]. — Typus: IMI 068211. Ex-type: CBS 454.93 = ATCC 18309 = FAT 84 = FRR 3451 = IFO 6231 = IMI 068211 = QM 7289. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC773837; BenA = KC773790; CaM = KC773816; RPB2 = KX961293.

Penicillium limae S. Ramos et al., Mycol. Prog. 20: 831. 2021. [MB 837909]. — Typus: URM 94475. Ex-type: URM 7706. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW191493; BenA = MG452820; CaM = MW183244; RPB2 = LR898888.

Penicillium limoniforme Meng Li & L. Cai, Microbiome 11 (no. 272, Add. file 1): 19. 2023. [MB 571501]. — Typus: HMAS 352451. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.22512 = LC15936. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ798963; BenA = OQ808973; CaM = OQ808986; RPB2 = OQ809016.

Penicillium limosum S. Ueda, Mycoscience 36: 451. 1995. [MB 415136]. — Typus: CBM NEI-5220. Ex-type: CBS 339.97 = NEI5220. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981568; BenA = GU981621; CaM = MN969271; RPB2 = KF296433.

Penicillium limpopoense Visagie & Houbraken, Persoonia 53: 46. 2024. [MB 851106]. — Typus: PREM 62231. Ex-type: PPRI 10607 = CMW 59580 = CN 154A5 = CMV 012F9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450722; BenA = MK451261; CaM = MK451651; RPB2 = MK450854.

Penicillium lineolatum Udagawa & Y. Horie, Mycotaxon 5: 493. 1977. [MB 319283]. — Typus: NHL 2776. Ex-type: CBS 188.77 = NHL 2776. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981579; BenA = GU981620; CaM = MN969272; RPB2 = KF296434.

Penicillium linzhiense H-K. Wang & R. Jeewon, published here. [MB 857953]. — Typus: CCTCC-M 2019870. Ex-type: CCTCC-M 2019870. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT461156; BenA = MT461157; CaM = MT461162; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium lividum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 134. 1911. [MB 178817]. — Typus: IMI 39736. Ex-type: CBS 347.48 = CCF 2126 = ATCC 10102 = CCRC 31286 = DSM1180 = IFO 6102 = IMI 039736 = NRRL 754 = QM 1930 = VKMF-303. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Livida. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189582; BenA = KM088825; CaM = KM089211; RPB2 = KM089598.

Penicillium longicatenatum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 429. 2014. [MB 809968]. — Typus: CBS H-21875. Ex-type: CBS 137735 = DTO 180-D9 = CV 2847 = DAOM 241119 = IBT 33135. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Longicatenata. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189636; BenA = JX271564; CaM = JX157347; RPB2 = KM089654. Genome: GCA_028827895.

Penicillium longiconidiophorum B.D. Sun et al., Mycol. Prog. 20: 1389. 2021. [MB 838213]. — Typus: CBS H-22829. Ex-type: CBS 141831 = DTO 088-C1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Phoenicea. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT309669; BenA = MT302254; CaM = MT302221; RPB2 = MT302237.

Penicillium ludwigii Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 10: 2. 1969. [MB 335744]. — Typus: NHL 6118. Ex-type: CBS 417.68 = FRR 559. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF296409; BenA = KF296468; CaM = MN969273; RPB2 = KF296435.

Penicillium lunae Visagie & Yilmaz, Persoonia 42: 449. 2019. [MB 830682]. — Typus: PREM 62233. Ex-type: PPRI 25881 = CMV006E6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Indica. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450725; BenA = MK451088; CaM = MK451660; RPB2 = MK450863.

Penicillium lusitanum M. Gonç. et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 69: 55. 2019. [MB 830331]. — Typus: MUM-H 18.49. Ex-type: MUM 18.49. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Soppiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK702084; BenA = MK702085; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium lydenburgense Visagie & Houbraken, Persoonia 53: 46. 2024. [MB 851107]. — Typus: PREM 63348. Ex-type: PPRI 11325 = CMW 59582 = CN 153H7 = CMV 002H6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450729; BenA = MK450934; CaM = MK451664; RPB2 = MK450867.

Penicillium maclennaniae H.Y. Yip, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 77: 202. 1981. [MB 112523]. — Typus: DAR 35238. Ex-type: CBS 198.81 = IBT 15551 = DAR 35238. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411689; BenA = KJ834468; CaM = KP016791; RPB2 = KP064648. Genome: GCA_028827695.

Penicillium macrosclerotiorum L. Wang et al., Mycol. Res. 111: 1244. 2007. [MB 492622]. — Typus: HMAS 133177-1-4. Ex-type: CBS 116871 = AS 3.6581 = IBT 26536. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Gracilenta ser. Macrosclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834511; BenA = KJ834469; CaM = DQ911123; RPB2 = JN121432. Genome: GCA_028827735.

Penicillium madriti G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 44: 44. 1961. [MB 335747]. — Typus: IMI 86563. Ex-type: CBS 347.61 = CCF 2176 = ATCC 18233 = CCRC 31672 = FRR 3452 = IFO 9148 = IMI 086563 = LSHBB B389 = MUCL 2456 = MUCL 31193 = NRRL 3452 = QM 7959. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Turbata ser. Turbata. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033482; BenA = KJ834470; CaM = EU644076; RPB2 = JN406561.

Penicillium magnielliptisporum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 127. 2014. [MB 809186]. — Typus: CBS H-21806. Ex-type: CBS 138225 = DTO 128H8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Paradoxa ser. Atramentosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775686; BenA = KJ775179; CaM = KJ775413; RPB2 = MN969124.

Penicillium malacaense C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 72: 186. 1980. [MB 113025]. — Typus: IJFM 7093. Ex-type: CBS 160.81 = CCF 2157 = NRRL 35754 = IBT 29712 = ATCC 42241 = IJFM 7093 = IMI 253801 = VKMF-2197. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU427300; BenA = EU427268; CaM = KJ866997; RPB2 = JN406626. Genome: GCA_028828875.

Penicillium malachiteum (Yaguchi & Udagawa) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB 561971]. — Typus: PF 1073. Ex-type: CBS 647.95 = IBT 17515. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC773838; BenA = KC773794; CaM = KC773820; RPB2 = MN969125. Genome: GCA_028827825.

Penicillium malacosphaerulum Visagie & K. Jacobs, Mycol. Prog. 14: 16. 2015. [MB 809819]. — Typus: CBS H-21332. Ex-type: CBS 135120 = CV 2855 = DTO 180-E6 = DAOM 241161. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ231026; BenA = JX091524; CaM = JX141542; RPB2 = KF296438.

Penicillium mali-pumilae Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 96: 101. 2019. [MB 555410]. — Typus: CBS H-22503. Ex-type: CBS 140671 = DTO 327-D1 = EML-MP6080-1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Corymbifera. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT424932; BenA = MT425584; CaM = MT425561; RPB2 = MT425607.

Penicillium mallochii K.G. Rivera et al., Mycotaxon 119: 322. 2012. [MB 563043]. — Typus: DAOM 239917. Ex-type: DAOMC 239917 = CCFC 239917. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN626104; BenA = JN625973; CaM = JN626016; RPB2 = KX961296.

Penicillium malmesburiense Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 429. 2014. [MB 809969]. — Typus: CBS H-21872. Ex-type: CBS 137744 = DTO 182-H5 = CV 1180 = DAOM 241144. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Sublectatica. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140743; BenA = JX271566; CaM = JX157325; RPB2 = KM089695.

Penicillium malodoratum (Kwon-Chung & Fennell) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 355. 2014. [MB 809316]. — Typus: IMI 172289. Ex-type: CBS 490.65 = NRRL 5083 = IMI 172289 = ATCC 16834. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Paradoxa ser. Paradoxa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033485; BenA = EF669681; CaM = FJ530972; RPB2 = EF669672.

Penicillium manginii Duché & R. Heim, Trav. Cryptog.: 450. 1931. [MB 270490]. — Typus: CBS 253.31. Ex-type: CBS 253.31 = CCF 3000 = NRRL 2134. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944599; BenA = JN606651; CaM = MN969274; RPB2 = JN606618.

Penicillium mariae-crucis Quintan., Av. Aliment. Majora Anim. 23: 334. 1982. [MB 114171]. — Typus: CBS 270.83. Ex-type: CBS 271.83 = IMI 256075. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981593; BenA = GU981630; CaM = MN969275; RPB2 = KF296439.

Penicillium marinum Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 20. 2004. [MB 370974]. — Typus: CBS 109550. Ex-type: CBS 109550 = IBT 14360. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Penicillium ser. Penicillium. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834512; BenA = AY674392; CaM = KU896842; RPB2 = KU904357.

Penicillium marthae-christenseniae Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 145. 2016. [MB 808267]. — Typus: CBS H-21613. Ex-type: CBS 129213 = DTO 201-B5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303651; BenA = KF303613; CaM = KF303645; RPB2 = KF303711.

Penicillium mattheeae Visagie & Yilmaz, Mycologia 115: 97. 2022. [MB 844186]. — Typus: PREM 63219. Ex-type: CMW 56388 = CBS 147415 = CN014C5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Saturniformia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT949904; BenA = MT957408; CaM = MT957451; RPB2 = MT957477.

Penicillium maximae Visagie et al., Persoonia 31: 52. 2013. [MB 803783]. — Typus: CBS H-21144. Ex-type: CBS 134565 = NRRL 2060. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU427298; BenA = KC773795; CaM = KC773821; RPB2 = MN969126.

Penicillium mbombelaense Visagie, Persoonia 53: 48. 2024. [MB 851108]. — Typus: PREM 62262. Ex-type: PPRI 4038 = CMW 59590 = CN 154A4 = CMV 006F1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Olsoniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450724; BenA = MK451089; CaM = MK451659; RPB2 = MK450862.

Penicillium mediterraneum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 61. 2019. [MB 822071]. — Typus: CBS H-23143. Ex-type: FMR 15188 = CBS 14275. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Roquefortorum ser. Roquefortorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT899784; BenA = LT898291; CaM = LT899768; RPB2 = LT899802.

Penicillium melaleucae Y.P. Tan & Bishop-Hurley, Index Austral. Fungi 26: 5. 2023. [MB 901474]. — Typus: BRIP 74368a. Ex-type: BRIP 74368a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR677046; BenA = OR680054; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OR680053.

Penicillium melanoconidium (Frisvad) Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 28. 2004. [MB 368219]. — Typus: IMI 321503. Ex-type: CBS 115506 = IBT 3444 = IMI 321503. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Viridicata. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431393; BenA = MN969387; CaM = KU896843; RPB2 = KU904358.

Penicillium melanosporum Rodr.-Andr. et al., J. Fungi 7 (2, no. 126): 5. 2021. [MB 835938]. — Typus: CBS H-24465. Ex-type: CBS 146938 = FMR 17,424. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR655192; BenA = LR655196; CaM = LR655200; RPB2 = LR655204.

Penicillium melinii Thom, Penicillia: 273. 1930. [MB 270876]. — Typus: IMI 40216. Ex-type: CBS 218.30 = CCF 2369 = ATCC 10469 = FRR 2041 = IFO 7675 = IMI 040216 = MUCL 29235 = NRRL 2041 = QM 7599. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033449; BenA = KJ834471; CaM = KP016792; RPB2 = JN406613.

Penicillium mellis R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1900. 2018. [MB 822211]. — Typus: URM 90492. Ex-type: URM 7605 = CBS 142499. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431398; BenA = MN969417; CaM = MN969327; RPB2 = LT854652.

Penicillium meloforme Udagawa & Y. Horie, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 14: 376. 1973. [MB 120882]. — Typus: NHL 6468. Ex-type: CBS 445.74 = ATCC 28049 = IMI 216903 = NHL 6468. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411762; BenA = GU981656; CaM = MN969276; RPB2 = KF296440.

Penicillium menonorum S.W. Peterson, IMA Fungus 2: 122. 2011. [MB 519297]. — Typus: BPI 881018. Ex-type: NRRL 50410. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = HQ646591; BenA = HQ646573; CaM = HQ646584; RPB2 = KF900194.

Penicillium meridianum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 12. 1968. [MB 335750]. — Typus: CBS 314.67. Ex-type: CBS 314.67 = ATCC 18545 = CSIR 1052 = IMI 136209. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033451; BenA = KJ834472; CaM = KP016794; RPB2 = JN406576.

Penicillium mexicanum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 125. 2014. [MB 809185]. — Typus: CBS H-21805. Ex-type: CBS 138227 = DTO 270F1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Paradoxa ser. Atramentosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775685; BenA = KJ775178; CaM = KJ775412; RPB2 = MN969127.

Penicillium michoacanense Rodr.-Andr. et al., J. Fungi 7 (2, no. 126): 8. 2021. [MB 835940]. — Typus: CBSH-24467. Ex-type: FMR 17612. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR655194; BenA = LR655198; CaM = LR655202; RPB2 = LR655206.

Penicillium miczynskii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 482. 1927. [MB 271171]. — Typus: IMI 40030. Ex-type: CBS 220.28 = CCF 2117 = ATCC 10470 = DSM2437 = FRR 1077 = IFO 7730 = IMI 040030 = MUCL 29228 = NRRL 1077 = QM 1957. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944600; BenA = JN606706; CaM = MN969277; RPB2 = JN606623.

Penicillium minnesotense Jurjević et al., Persoonia 42: 445. 2019. [MB 830666]. — Typus: BPI 910634. Ex-type: NRRL 66823 = ITEM 17524 = EMSL 1719. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK791277; BenA = MK803429; CaM = MK803430; RPB2 = MK796158.

Penicillium momoi [as ‘momoii’] Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 102. 2016. [MB 836014]. — Typus: CBS H-22046. Ex-type: CBS 139157 = DAOMC 241077 = DTO 182-G4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140895; BenA = JX141073; CaM = JX157479; RPB2 = KP064673.

Penicillium mononematosum (Frisvad, Filt. & Wicklow) Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 857. 1990. [MB 126406]. — Typus: IMI 296925. Ex-type: CBS 172.87 = CCF 2996 = IBT 3072 = IBT 5518 = IBT 21535 = IMI 296925 = NRRL 13482 = NRRL A-26709. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997082; BenA = AY495997; CaM = JX996964; RPB2 = JX996709.

Penicillium monsgalena S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: e0121987, 15. 2015. [MB 807372]. — Typus: BPI 881282. Ex-type: NRRL 22302 = IBT 29713. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF932959; BenA = KF932927; CaM = KF932943; RPB2 = KF932997.

Penicillium monsserratidens S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: e0121987, 19. 2015. [MB 807373]. — Typus: BPI 881285. Ex-type: NRRL 35884 = IBT 29695. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF932962; BenA = KF932930; CaM = KF932947; RPB2 = KF933001.

Penicillium montanense M. Chr. & Backus, Mycologia 54: 574. 1962. [MB 335752]. — Typus: WIS Cryptogamic Herb. No. GW1-6. Ex-type: CBS 310.63 = CCF 2087 = ATCC 14941 = FRR 3407 = IFO 7740 = IHEM 4375 = IMI 099468 = MUCL 31326 = NRRL 3407. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189551; BenA = KM088789; CaM = KM089174; RPB2 = KM089561.

Penicillium murcianum C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 74: 37. 1981. [MB 112524]. — Typus: IJFM 7031. Ex-type: CBS 161.81 = CCF 2142 = ATCC 42239 = IJFM 7031 = IMI 253800 = VKMF-2196. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431400; BenA = MN969419; CaM = MN969341; RPB2 = MN969202.

Penicillium myrtacearum Y.P. Tan & Bishop-Hurley, Index Austral. Fungi 26: 5. 2023. [MB 901475]. — Typus: BRIP 74371a. Ex-type: BRIP 74371a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Citreonigra. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR677047; BenA = OR680057; CaM = OR680055; RPB2 = OR680056.

Penicillium nalgiovense Laxa, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 86: 160. 1932. [MB 114239]. — Typus: CBS 352.48. Ex-type: CBS 352.48 = ATCC 10472 = IBT 21536 = IMI 039804 = MUCL 31194 = NRRL 911. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY371617; BenA = KU896811; CaM = JX996974; RPB2 = JX996719.

Penicillium namyslowskii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 479. 1927. [MB 272006]. — Typus: CBS 353.48. Ex-type: CBS 353.48 = CCF 3049 = ATCC 11127 = IMI 040033 = MUCL 29226 = NRRL 1070. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033463; BenA = JX141067; CaM = KP016795; RPB2 = JF417430.

Penicillium neocrassum R. Serra & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 99: 81. 2007. [MB 504767]. — Typus: BPI 872161. Ex-type: CBS 122428 = NRRL 35639 = MUM 06.160. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Brevicompacta. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ645805; BenA = DQ645794; CaM = DQ645809; RPB2 = JN406633.

Penicillium neoechinulatum (Frisvad, Filt. & Wicklow) Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 28. 2004. [MB 368218]. — Typus: IMI 296937. Ex-type: CBS 169.87 = CBS 101135 = IBT 3493 = IBT 21537 = IMI 296937 = NRRL 13486. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Viridicata. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN942722; BenA = MN969388; CaM = KU896844; RPB2 = JN985406.

Penicillium neoherquei Labuda et al., Persoonia 48: 339. 2022. [MB 842267]. — Typus: PRM 956035. Ex-type: CBS 148692 = CCF 6604. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW341222; BenA = OL840853; CaM = OL840855; RPB2 = MW349119.

Penicillium neomiczynskii A.L.J. Cole et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 105. 2011. [MB 563192]. — Typus: CBS H-20661. Ex-type: CBS 126231 = IBT 23560. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617671; BenA = JN606705; CaM = MN969278; RPB2 = MN969128.

Penicillium nepalense Takada & Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 24: 146. 1983. [MB 108327]. — Typus: NHL 6482. Ex-type: CBS 203.84 = NHL 6482. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411692; BenA = KJ834474; CaM = KP016796; RPB2 = JN121453.

Penicillium newtonturnerae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 3: 10. 2022. [MB 900142]. — Typus: BRIP 74909a. Ex-type: BRIP 74909a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP903478; BenA = OP921964; CaM = OP921962; RPB2 = OP921963.

Penicillium nigricans Bainier ex Thom, Penicillia: 351. 1930. [MB 119303]. — Typus: CBS H-22051. Ex-type: CBS 354.48 = CCF 2371 = ATCC 10115 = IFO 6103 = IMI 039767 = NRRL 915 = QM 1933 = VKMF-313. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411755; BenA = KJ866965; CaM = KJ867012; RPB2 = KP016857.

Penicillium nodulum H.Z. Kong & Z.T. Qi, Mycosystema 1: 108. 1988. [MB 135445]. — Typus: CBS 227.89. Ex-type: CBS 227.89. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Nodula. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411703; BenA = KJ834475; CaM = KJ867003; RPB2 = JN406603.

Penicillium nordestinense J.E.F. Santos & R.N. Barbosa, Acta Bot. Brasil 36 (e2021abb0390): 4. 2022. [MB 842080]. — Typus: URM 83558. Ex-type: URM 8423. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = OV265270; BenA = OV265324; CaM = OV265272; RPB2 = OM927721.

Penicillium nordicum Dragoni & Cantoni ex C. Ramírez, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 139. 1986. [MB 114762]. — Typus: ATCC 44219. Ex-type: ATCC 44219 = IBT 13307. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Verrucosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834513; BenA = MN969389; CaM = KU896845; RPB2 = KU904359.

Penicillium nothofagi Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 105. 2011. [MB 563189]. — Typus: CBS H-20655. Ex-type: CBS 130383 = IBT 23018 = DTO 76C2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617712; BenA = JN606732; CaM = JN606507; RPB2 = MN969129.

Penicillium novae-zeelandiae [as ‘novae-zelandiae’] J.F.H. Beyma, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 6: 275. 1940. [MB 522253]. — Typus: IMI 40584ii. Ex-type: CBS 137.41 = CCF 2191 = ATCC 10473 = IFO 31748 = IMI 040584ii = NRRL 2128 = QM 1934 = VKMF-2886. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Atroveneta. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617688; BenA = MN969390; CaM = MN969279; RPB2 = JN406628.

Penicillium nucicola Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 259. 2016. [MB 815771]. — Typus: DAOM 695770. Ex-type: DAOMC 250522 = CBS 140987 = W59 = IBT 29836 = KAS 2203. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Atroveneta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887860; BenA = KT887821; CaM = KT887782; RPB2 = MN969171. Genome: GCA_028828085.

Penicillium nudgee Y.P. Tan et al., Persoonia 50: 275. 2023. [MB 845975]. — Typus: BRIP 74366a. Ex-type: BRIP 74366a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Citreonigra. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP035056; BenA = OP039544; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OP039545.

Penicillium ochrochloron Biourge, La Cellule 33: 269. 1923. [MB 272701]. — Typus: IMI 39806. Ex-type: CBS 357.48 = CCF 2379 = ATCC 10540 = IMI 039806 = NRRL 926 = QM 7604. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981604; BenA = GU981672; CaM = MN969280; RPB2 = KF296445.

Penicillium ochrosalmoneum Udagawa, J. Agric. Sci. Tokyo Nogyo Daig.: 10. 1959. [MB 302409]. — Typus: NHL 6048. Ex-type: CBS 489.66 = ATCC 18338 = CSIR 145 = IMI 116248ii = NRRL 35499. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Ochrosalmonea ser. Ochrosalmonea. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF626961; BenA = EF506212; CaM = EF506237; RPB2 = JN121524.

Penicillium odoratum M. Chr. & Backus, Mycologia 53: 459. 1961. [MB 335755]. — Typus: WSF 2000. Ex-type: CBS 294.62 = CBS 296.62 = CCF 2065 = ATCC 14769 = DSM2419 = IFO 7741 = IMI 094208ii = NRRL 3007 = WSF2000. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Livida. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189727; BenA = KM088976; CaM = KM089363; RPB2 = KM089750.

Penicillium olsonii [as ‘olsoni’] Bainier & Sartory, Ann. Mycol. 10: 398. 1912. [MB 121021]. — Typus: IMI 192502. Ex-type: CBS 232.60 = CCF 2190 = IBT 23473 = IMI 192502 = NRRL 13058 = NRRL 13716. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Olsoniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU587341; BenA = AY674445; CaM = DQ658165; RPB2 = JN121464.

Penicillium onobense C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 74: 44. 1981. [MB 112525]. — Typus: CBS 174.81. Ex-type: CBS 174.81 = CCF 2045 = ATCC 42225 = IJFM 3026 = VKMF-2183. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981575; BenA = GU981627; CaM = MN969281; RPB2 = KF296447.

Penicillium oregonense Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 145. 2016. [MB 808268]. — Typus: CBS H-21607. Ex-type: CBS 129775 = DTO 208A5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303668; BenA = KF303623; CaM = KF303640; RPB2 = KF303710.

Penicillium ornatum Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 9: 49. 1968. [MB 335756]. — Typus: NHL 6101. Ex-type: CBS 190.68 = ATCC 18608 = IFO 31739 = IMI 137977 = NHL 6101 = NRRL 3471. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Ramigena ser. Ramigena. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411687; BenA = KJ834479; CaM = MN969282; RPB2 = JN121451.

Penicillium ortum Visagie & K. Jacobs, Mycol. Prog. 14: 18. 2015. [MB 809820]. — Typus: CBS H-21602. Ex-type: CBS 135669 = CV 102 = DTO 180-I9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX091427; BenA = JX091520; CaM = JX141551; RPB2 = KF296443.

Penicillium osmophilum Stolk & Veenb.-Rijks, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 40: 1. 1974. [MB 319288]. — Typus: CBS 462.72. Ex-type: CBS 462.72 = CBS 439.73 = IBT 14678 = NRRL 5922. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Osmophila ser. Osmophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU427295; BenA = MN969391; CaM = KU896846; RPB2 = JN121518.

Penicillium outeniquaense Visagie & Yilmaz, Mycologia 115: 97. 2022. [MB 844187]. — Typus: PREM 63218. Ex-type: CMW 56387 = CBS 147414 = CN014C2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT949903; BenA = MT957405; CaM = MT957450; RPB2 = MT957476.

Penicillium ovatum (K. Ando & Nawawi) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 48. 2011. [MB 561961]. — Typus: TNS-F-238518. Ex-type: CBS 136664 = KY 12726. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF667370; BenA = KF667366; CaM = KF667368; RPB2 = KF667372.

Penicillium oxalicum Currie & Thom, J. Biol. Chem. 22: 289. 1915. [MB 121033]. — Typus: IMI 192332. Ex-type: CBS 219.30 = CCF 2315 = ATCC 1126 = FRR 787 = IMI 192332 = MUCL 29047 = NRRL 787 = QM 7606. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Oxalica. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033438; BenA = KF296462; CaM = MN969283; RPB2 = JN121456.

Penicillium pagulum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 102. 2016. [MB 811005]. — Typus: CBS H-22049. Ex-type: CBS 139166 = DAOMC 241069 = DTO 183-H2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140898; BenA = JX141070; CaM = JX157519; RPB2 = KP064655.

Penicillium palitans Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 83. 1911. [MB 203604]. — Typus: IMI 040215. Ex-type: CBS 107.11 = ATCC 10477 = IBT 23034 = IMI 040215 = NRRL 2033 = VKMF-3088. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834514; BenA = KJ834480; CaM = KU896847; RPB2 = KU904360.

Penicillium palmense [as ‘palmensis’] C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 66: 80. 1978. [MB 319289]. — Typus: CBS 336.79. Ex-type: CBS 336.79 = CCF 2060 = ATCC 38669 = IJFM 3840. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Spinulosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834515; BenA = KM088765; CaM = KM089150; RPB2 = KM089537.

Penicillium pancosmium Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 108. 2011. [MB 563191]. — Typus: CBS H-20651. Ex-type: CBS 276.75 = DAOM 147467 = IBT 29991. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617660; BenA = JN606790; CaM = MN969284; RPB2 = MN969130.

Penicillium paneum Frisvad, Microbiology 142: 546. 1996. [MB 415570]. — Typus: C 25000. Ex-type: CBS 101032 = IBT 21541 = IBT 12407. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Roquefortorum ser. Roquefortorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = HQ442346; BenA = AY674387; CaM = HQ442331; RPB2 = KU904361.

Penicillium panissanguineum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 275. 2016. [MB 815783]. — Typus: DAOM 695771. Ex-type: DAOMC 250562 = CBS 140989 = W93 = KAS 2209. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887862; BenA = KT887823; CaM = KT887784; RPB2 = MN969182.

Penicillium paradoxum (Fennell & Raper) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 352. 2014. [MB 547045]. — Typus: IMI 061446. Ex-type: CBS 527.65 = NRRL 2162 = ATCC 16918 = IMI 061446 = IBT 22861. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Paradoxa ser. Paradoxa. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669707; BenA = EF669683; CaM = EF669692; RPB2 = EF669670. Genome: GCA_028828445.

Penicillium paraherquei S. Abe ex G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 46: 335. 1963. [MB 302412]. — Typus: IMI 68220. Ex-type: CBS 338.59 = CCF 2171 = ATCC 22354 = ATCC 46903 = FAT964 = FRR 3454 = IFO 6234 = IMI 068220 = NRRL 3454. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF178511; BenA = KF296465; CaM = MN969285; RPB2 = KF296449.

Penicillium parauapebasense J.P. Nóbrega et al., Mycol. Prog. 23 (no. 71): 18. 2024. [MB 852530]. — Typus: HURM 95593. Ex-type: URM 8916. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: PP814733; BenA = PP806625; CaM = PP389046; RPB2 = PP942617.

Penicillium parvifructum [as ‘parvofructum’] Guevara-Suarez et al., Persoonia 38: 353. 2017. [MB 840904]. — Typus: CBS H-22733. Ex-type: FMR 15047 = CBS 141690 = DTO 410-E6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT559091; BenA = LT627645; CaM = LT627646; RPB2 = MN969197.

Penicillium parvulum S.W. Peterson & B.W. Horn, Mycologia 101: 75. 2009. [MB 509289]. — Typus: BPI 877331. Ex-type: CBS 132825 = NRRL 35504. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Cinnamopurpurea. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF422845; BenA = EF506218; CaM = EF506225; RPB2 = MN969131.

Penicillium parvum Raper & Fennell, Mycologia 40: 508. 1948. [MB 289101]. — Typus: NRRL 2095. Ex-type: CBS 359.48 = ATCC 10479 = IFO 7732 = IMI 040587 = NRRL 2095 = QM 1878. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033460; BenA = HQ646568; CaM = KF900173; RPB2 = JN406559.

Penicillium pascuigraminis Visagie et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 13: 475. 2024. [MB 854285]. — Typus: PRU(M) 4581. Ex-type: CMW-IA 002978 = CMW 61192 = CN049E3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Eladia ser. Eladia. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP375131; BenA = PP356429; CaM = PP356452; RPB2 = PP356485.

Penicillium pasqualense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 108. 2011. [MB 563190]. — Typus: CBS H-20663. Ex-type: CBS 126330 = IBT 14235. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617676; BenA = JN606673; CaM = MN969286; RPB2 = JN606617.

Penicillium patens Pitt & A.D. Hocking, Mycotaxon 22: 197. 1985. [MB 105611]. — Typus: FRR 2661. Ex-type: CBS 260.87 = FRR 2662 = DTO 105-I6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189584; BenA = KM088827; CaM = KM089213; RPB2 = KM089600.

Penicillium paxilli Bainier, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 23: 95. 1907. [MB 203838]. — Typus: IMI 40226. Ex-type: CBS 360.48 = ATCC 10480 = FRR 2008 = IMI 040226 = NRRL 2008 = QM 725. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Paxillorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944577; BenA = JN606844; CaM = JN606566; RPB2 = JN606610.

Penicillium pedernalense Laich & Andrade, Index Fungorum 361: 1. 2018. [MB 554533]. — Typus: CBS 140770. Ex-type: CBS 140770 = CECT 20949. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU255398; BenA = KU255396; CaM = MN969322; RPB2 = MN969184.

Penicillium penarojense Houbraken et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1471. 2011. [MB 518024]. — Typus: HUA 170335. Ex-type: CBS 113178 = IBT 23262. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981570; BenA = GU981646; CaM = MN969287; RPB2 = KF296450.

Penicillium persicinum L. Wang et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 86: 177. 2004. [MB 500259]. — Typus: HMAS 80638-1-4. Ex-type: CBS 111235 = AS 3.5891 = IBT 24565. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Persicina. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997072; BenA = JF909951; CaM = JX996954; RPB2 = JN406644.

Penicillium philippinense Udagawa & Y. Horie, J. Jap. Bot. 47: 341. 1972. [MB 319291]. — Typus: NHL 6130. Ex-type: CBS 623.72 = FRR 1532 = NHL 6130. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411770; BenA = KJ834482; CaM = KP016799; RPB2 = JN406543.

Penicillium phoeniceum J.F.H. Beyma, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 88: 136. 1933. [MB 274284]. — Typus: IMI 40585. Ex-type: CBS 249.32 = ATCC 10481 = IJFM 5122 = IMI 040585 = NRRL 2070 = QM 7608 = VKMF-321. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Charlesia ser. Phoenicea. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411711; BenA = KJ834483; CaM = AY741729; RPB2 = JN406597.

Penicillium pimiteouiense S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 91: 271. 1999. [MB 460126]. — Typus: BPI 806262. Ex-type: CBS 102479 = NRRL 25542. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF037431; BenA = HQ646569; CaM = HQ646580; RPB2 = JN406650.

Penicillium piscarium Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 86. 1911. [MB 211321]. — Typus: IMI 40032. Ex-type: CBS 362.48 = CCF 2380 = ATCC 10482 = FRR 1075 = IFO 8111 = IMI 040032 = NRRL 1075 = VKMF-1823. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981600; BenA = GU981668; CaM = MN969288; RPB2 = KF296451.

Penicillium poederi Kirchm. & Neuh., Fungal Syst. Evol. 10: 92. 2022. [MB 845495]. — Typus: IBF2017/0007. Ex-type: CBS 147622 = SF014017 = Bq214. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF611757; BenA = MF611760; CaM = MF611763; RPB2 = MF611766.

Penicillium pole-evansii Visagie et al., Persoonia 46: 179. 2021. [MB 834429]. — Typus: CBS H-22037. Ex-type: CBS 138946 = IBT 31929 = DAOM 241106 = DTO 183-D5 = CV 1758. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Atroveneta. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140831; BenA = JX141005; CaM = JX157412; RPB2 = KP016911.

Penicillium polonicum K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 445. 1927. [MB 274889]. — Typus: CBS 222.28. Ex-type: CBS 222.28 = IBT 12821 = IMI 291194 = MUCL 29204 = NRRL 995. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Viridicata. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033475; BenA = MN969392; CaM = KU896848; RPB2 = JN406609. Genome: GCA_027569845.

Penicillium porphyreum Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 48. 2011. [MB 561959]. — Typus: NY 00985491. Ex-type: CBS 382.64 = KY 12723. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303666; BenA = KF303621; CaM = KF303636; RPB2 = KF303677.

Penicillium potchefstroomense Visagie & Houbraken, Persoonia 53: 51. 2024. [MB 851110]. — Typus: PREM 62234. Ex-type: PPRI 8668 = CMW 59591 = CN 153I3 = CMV 011I2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450727; BenA = MK451229; CaM = MK451662; RPB2 = MK450865.

Penicillium psychrofluorescens A. Furnell et al., Mycology 16: 1320. 2025. [MB 853864]. — Typus: DAR 85537. Ex-type: DAR 85537 = KMR99. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR797067; BenA = PP723876; CaM = PP723877; RPB2 = PP723878. Genome: GCA_964197705.

Penicillium psychrosexuale [as ‘psychrosexualis’] Houbraken & Samson, IMA Fungus 1: 174. 2010. [MB 834590]. — Typus: CBS H-20501. Ex-type: CBS 128137 = IBT 29551. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Roquefortorum ser. Roquefortorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = HQ442345; BenA = HQ442356; CaM = HQ442330; RPB2 = KU904362. Genome: GCA_028828465.

Penicillium psychrotrophicum Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 96: 103. 2019. [MB 555409]. — Typus: CBS H-22504. Ex-type: CBS 140670 = DTO 327-C9 = EML-COD3 = IBT 33673. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Corymbifera. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP941754; BenA = KP900995; CaM = KP900994; RPB2 = MN969212.

Penicillium pullum S.W. Peterson & Sigler, Mycol. Res. 106: 1115. 2002. [MB 483982]. — Typus: BPI 841398. Ex-type: CBS 331.48 = ATCC 10447 = NRRL 721 = FRR 721 = IFO 6097 = IMI 39747 = QM 1925 = Thom 5179.4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Stolkia ser. Stolkia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033443; BenA = JN617719; CaM = AF481134; RPB2 = MN969132.

Penicillium pulvillorum Turfitt, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 23: 186. 1939. [MB 275682]. — Typus: CBS 280.39. Ex-type: CBS 280.39 = CCF 2381 = IFO 7763 = NRRL 2026. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF178517; BenA = GU981670; CaM = MN969289; RPB2 = KF296452.

Penicillium pulvis Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 429. 2014. [MB 809970]. — Typus: CBS H-21878. Ex-type: CBS 138432 = DTO 180-B7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189632; BenA = KM088876; CaM = KM089263; RPB2 = KM089650.

Penicillium punicae H.B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 83: 103. 2017. [MB 818233]. — Typus: CNUFC-FP2-1. Ex-type: JMRC SF12421. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = KX839673; CaM = KX839671; RPB2 = KX839675.

Penicillium purpurescens [as ‘purpurascens’] (Sopp) Raper & Thom, La Cellule 33: 105. 1923. [MB 335761]. — Typus: IMI 39745. Ex-type: CBS 366.48 = NRRL 720 = FRR 720 = ATCC 10485 = IMI 39745. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189561; BenA = KM088801; CaM = KM089186; RPB2 = KM089573.

Penicillium pusillum G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 22: 254. 1939. [MB 275810]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 312.63 = FRR 1541 = IMI 089286 = LSHBB 147 = NRRL 2498. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Jiangxiensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF626951; BenA = KF932925; CaM = KF932941; RPB2 = KF932995.

Penicillium quebecense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 111. 2011. [MB 563202]. — Typus: CBS H-20666. Ex-type: CBS 101623 = IBT 29050. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617661; BenA = JN606700; CaM = JN606509; RPB2 = JN606622.

Penicillium quercetorum Baghd., Novosti. Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 5: 110. 1968. [MB 335762]. — Typus: CBS H-7527. Ex-type: CBS 417.69 = NRRL 3758 = ATCC 48727 = CCRC 31668 = FRR 516 = IFO 31749 = IMI 140342 = MUCL 31203 = VKMF-1074. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Quercetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189556; BenA = KM088795; CaM = KM089180; RPB2 = KM089567.

Penicillium raciborskii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 454. 1927. [MB 276002]. — Typus: IMI 40568. Ex-type: CBS 224.28 = ATCC 10488 = DSM2422 = FRR 2150 = IFO 7676 = IMI 040568 = LSHBP 92 = MUCL 29246 = NRRL 2150. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033447; BenA = JX141069; CaM = KP016800; RPB2 = JN406607.

Penicillium radiatolobatum Lörinczi, Publ. Soc. Nat. Rom. Pent. Stiinta Sol. 10B: 435. 1972. [MB 114326]. — Typus: CBS H-7530. Ex-type: CBS 340.79 = CCF 2266. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411745; BenA = MN969413; CaM = MT066183; RPB2 = MN969168.

Penicillium radicicola Overy & Frisvad, Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 26: 633. 2003. [MB 488233]. — Typus: C 60161. Ex-type: CBS 112430 = IBT 10696. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Corymbifera. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834516; BenA = MN969393; CaM = MN969290; RPB2 = MN969133.

Penicillium raistrickii G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 18: 90. 1933. [MB 276069]. — Typus: IMI 40221. Ex-type: CBS 261.33 = CCF 2372 = ATCC 10490 = FRR 1044 = IFO 6104 = IMI 040221 = LSHBB 100 = NRRL 1044 = NRRL 2039 = QM 1936 = VKMF337. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Raistrickiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY373927; BenA = KJ834485; CaM = KJ867006; RPB2 = JN406592.

Penicillium ramusculum Bat. & H. Maia, Anais Soc. Biol. Pernambuco 13: 27. 1955. [MB 302419]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 251.56 = ATCC 12292 = FRR 3459 = IMI 063546 = IMUR478 = LSHBB B324 = NRRL 3459 = QM 7057. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Ramigena ser. Ramigena. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF433765; BenA = EU427269; CaM = EU427278; RPB2 = JN121472.

Penicillium ranomafanaense Houbraken & Hagen, Stud. Mycol. 78: 433. 2014. [MB 809971]. — Typus: CBS H-21862. Ex-type: CBS 137953 = DTO 085-A5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Verhageniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189541; BenA = KM088779; CaM = KM089164; RPB2 = KM089551.

Penicillium raperi G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 40: 486. 1957. [MB 302421]. — Typus: IMI 71625. Ex-type: CBS 281.58 = CCF 2067 = ATCC 22355 = IFO 8179 = IMI 071625 = LSHBB B338 = NRRL 2674 = QM 7527. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033433; BenA = GU981622; CaM = MN969291; RPB2 = KF296453.

Penicillium raphiae Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 114. 2011. [MB 563203]. — Typus: CBS H-20660. Ex-type: CBS 126234 = IBT 22407. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617673; BenA = JN606657; CaM = MN969292; RPB2 = JN606619.

Penicillium reconvexovelosoi J.P. Andrade et al., Persoonia 43: 383. 2019. [MB 832747]. — Typus: HURB 18575. Ex-type: CCDCA 11500. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = MN497417; CaM = MN497418; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium repenticola [as ‘repensicola’] Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 102. 2016. [MB 836015]. — Typus: CBS H-22047. Ex-type: CBS 139160 = DAOMC 241080 = DTO 183-B8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140893; BenA = JX141150; CaM = JX157490; RPB2 = KP064660.

Penicillium restingae J.P. Andrade et al., Persoonia 32: 293. 2014. [MB 807051]. — Typus: CMR H-12. Ex-type: CBS 140379 = URM 7075 = DTO 331-H7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF803355; BenA = KF803349; CaM = KF803352; RPB2 = MN969134.

Penicillium restrictum J.C. Gilman & E.V. Abbott, Iowa St. Coll. J. Sci. 1: 297. 1927. [MB 276289]. — Typus: IMI 40228. Ex-type: CBS 367.48 = CCF 2090 = ATCC 11257 = FRR 1748 = IMI 040228 = NRRL 1748 = QM 1962. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033457; BenA = KJ834486; CaM = KP016803; RPB2 = JN121506.

Penicillium reticulisporum Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 9: 52. 1968. [MB 335763]. — Typus: NHL 6105. Ex-type: CBS 122.68 = ATCC 18566 = IFO 9024 = IMI 136700 = NHL 6105 = NRRL 3447. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033437; BenA = MN969394; CaM = MN969293; RPB2 = KF296454.

Penicillium reversovinaceum [as ‘reverso-vinaceum’] J.P. Nóbrega et al., Mycol. Prog. 23 (no. 71): 19. 2024. [MB 856798]. — Typus: HURM 95603. Ex-type: URM 8967. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: PP505387; BenA = PP806630; CaM = PP806635; RPB2 = PP942622.

Penicillium rhizophilum Asgari et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 73 (9, no. 006028): 7. 2023. [MB 846454]. — Typus: IRAN 18169F. Ex-type: CBS 149737 = IRAN 4042C = LA30. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP824727; BenA = OP846100; CaM = OP846104; RPB2 = OP846107.

Penicillium ribis [as ‘ribium’] Frisvad & Overy, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56: 1436. 2006. [MB 521422]. — Typus: DAOM 234091. Ex-type: CBS 127809 = DAOM 234091 = IBT 16537 = IBT 24431. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ267916; BenA = MN969395; CaM = KJ866995; RPB2 = JN406631.

Penicillium riverlandense Visagie & K. Jacobs, Persoonia 36: 149. 2016. [MB 808269]. — Typus: CBS H-21606. Ex-type: CBS 135896 = IBT 135883 = DTO 182-F6 = DAOMC 241060 = CV 0979. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX091457; BenA = JX091580; CaM = JX141593; RPB2 = KF303685.

Penicillium robsamsonii Frisvad & Houbraken, Persoonia 36: 313. 2016. [MB 815872]. — Typus: CBS H-22341. Ex-type: CBS 140573 = IBT 29466 = DTO 149-B6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU904339; BenA = KT698885; CaM = KT698894; RPB2 = KT698904. Genome: GCA_028829455.

Penicillium rolfsii Thom, Penicillia: 489. 1930. [MB 276674]. — Typus: IMI 40029. Ex-type: CBS 368.48 = CCF 3021 = ATCC 10491 = FRR 1078 = IFO 7735 = IMI 040029 = MUCL 29229 = NRRL 1078 = QM 1961. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617705; BenA = GU981667; CaM = MN969294; RPB2 = KF296455.

Penicillium roodeplaatense Visagie, Persoonia 53: 51. 2024. [MB 851111]. — Typus: PREM 62228. Ex-type: PPRI 25766 = CMW 59584 = CN 153H8 = CMV 002E6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Buchwaldiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450737; BenA = MK450929; CaM = MK451657; RPB2 = MK450860.

Penicillium roqueforti [as ‘roquefortii’] Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 82: 35. 1906. [MB 213525]. — Typus: IMI 24313. Ex-type: CBS 221.30 = ATCC 10110 = ATCC 1129 = CECT 2905 = IBT 6754 = IFO 5459 = IMI 024313 = LSHBP 93 = NCTC 588 = NRRL 849 = QM 1937. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Roquefortorum ser. Roquefortorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = HQ442347; BenA = MN969396; CaM = HQ442332; RPB2 = JN406611.

Penicillium roseomaculatum Biourge, La Cellule 33: 301. 1923. [MB 276785]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 137962 = IMI 189696 = NRRL 728 = FRR 728. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Spinulosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189755; BenA = KM089004; CaM = KM089391; RPB2 = KM089778.

Penicillium roseopurpureum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 86. 1901. [MB 213447]. — Typus: IMI 40573. Ex-type: CBS 226.29 = ATCC 10492 = ATHUM2895 = FRR 2064 = IMI 040573 = MUCL 28654 = MUCL 29237 = NRRL 2064 = NRRL 2064A. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Roseopurpurea. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944605; BenA = JN606838; CaM = JN606556; RPB2 = JN606613.

Penicillium roseoviride Stapp & Bortels, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 93: 51. 1935. [MB 492646]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 267.35 = CCF 2331 = ATCC 10412 = IFO 6089 = IMI 039740ii = NRRL 760 = QM 7485. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189549; BenA = KM088787; CaM = KM089172; RPB2 = KM089559.

Penicillium rotoruae O’Callahan & Vaidya, Curr. Microbiol. 77: 4131. 2020. [MB 834084]. — Typus: NZFS 4797. Ex-type: CBS 145838 = NMI V19/026738. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN315103; BenA = MN315104; CaM = MN315102; RPB2 = MT240842.

Penicillium rubefaciens Quintan., Mycopathologia 80: 73. 1982. [MB 109998]. — Typus: CBS 145.83. Ex-type: CBS 145.83 = CCF 2248 = CECT 2752. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411677; BenA = KJ834487; CaM = KP016804; RPB2 = JN406627.

Penicillium rubens Biourge, La Cellule 33: 265. 1923. [MB 276884]. — Typus: CBS H-20595 (lectotype). Ex-type: CBS 129667 = NRRL 792 = IBT 30129 = ATCC 9783. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997057; BenA = JF909949; CaM = JX996263; RPB2 = JX996658.

Penicillium rubidurum Udagawa & Y. Horie, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 14: 381. 1973. [MB 319295]. — Typus: NHL 6460. Ex-type: CBS 609.73 = NRRL 6033 = ATCC 28051 = ATCC 48238 = FRR 1558 = IMI 228551 = NHL 6460. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033462; BenA = HQ646574; CaM = HQ646585; RPB2 = JN406545.

Penicillium rubriannulatum L. Cai et al., Cladistics 35: 539. 2018. [MB 818162]. — Typus: HMAS 247732. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18804 = NN 072456 = CBS 144641. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495029; BenA = KY495138; CaM = MN969336; RPB2 = KY495080.

Penicillium rudallense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 433. 2014. [MB 809972]. — Typus: CBS H-21867. Ex-type: CBS 138162 = FRR 6085 = DTO 056-I4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189504; BenA = KM088741; CaM = KM089126; RPB2 = KM089513.

Penicillium saanichanum Visagie et al., Persoonia 45: 373. 2020. [MB 835962]. — Typus: DAOM 745787. Ex-type: DAOMC 251850 = KAS 6184. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY469059; BenA = KY469096; CaM = KY469020; RPB2 = MN795070.

Penicillium sacculum E. Dale, Ann. Mycol. 24: 137. 1926. [MB 277209]. — Typus: CBS 231.61. Ex-type: CBS 231.61 = ATCC 18350 = IFO 8114 = IFO 9454 = IMI 051498 = LSHBB B298 = UC 4505. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Eladia ser. Eladia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411707; BenA = KJ834488; CaM = KU896849; RPB2 = JN121462.

Penicillium sajarovii Quintan., Av. Aliment. Majora Anim. 22: 539. 1981. [MB 114172]. — Typus: CBS 277.83. Ex-type: CBS 277.83 = CECT 2751 = IMI 259992. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Raistrickiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411724; BenA = MN969397; CaM = MN969295; RPB2 = JN406588.

Penicillium salamii Perrone et al., Int. J. Food Microb. 193: 93. 2015. [MB 809645]. — Typus: CBS H-21341. Ex-type: CBS 135391 = DTO 198-E1 = ITEM 15291. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Olsoniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = HG514431; BenA = HG514437; CaM = HG514432; RPB2 = MN969160. Genome: GCA_911175135.

Penicillium salmoniflumine S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: e0121987, 21. 2015. [MB 807374]. — Typus: BPI 881286. Ex-type: NRRL 35837 = IBT 29673. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Idahoensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF932960; BenA = KF932928; CaM = KF932945; RPB2 = KF932999.

Penicillium samsonianum L. Wang et al., Persoonia 36: 313. 2016. [MB 815873]. — Typus: HMAS 245107. Ex-type: AS 3.15403 = CBS 138919 = IBT 33392 = DTO 316-B7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Osmophila ser. Samsoniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ668590; BenA = KJ668582; CaM = KJ668586; RPB2 = KT698899.

Penicillium sanguifluum (Sopp) Biourge, La Cellule 33: 105. 1923. [MB 356682]. — Typus: CBS H-20645. Ex-type: CBS 127032 = IBT 29041. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Roseopurpurea. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617681; BenA = JN606819; CaM = JN606555; RPB2 = MN969135.

Penicillium sanjayi Rajeshk. et al., Mycol. Prog. 21 (no. 42): 5. 2022. [MB 840642]. — Typus: AMH 10349. Ex-type: NFCCI 5017. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Vascosobrinhoana. DNA barcodes: ITS = MZ571358; BenA = MZ558484; CaM = MZ558492; RPB2 = MZ558482.

Penicillium sankaranii Rajeshk. et al., Persoonia 50: 277. 2023. [MB 847860]. — Typus: AMH 10481. Ex-type: NFCCI 5424. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ355036; BenA = OQ362166; CaM = OQ361667; RPB2 = OQ361668.

Penicillium sanshaense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Sci. Rep. 7: 9. 2017. [MB 570337]. — Typus: HMAS 248820. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18413. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX885070; BenA = KX885050; CaM = KX885060; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium saturniforme (L. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 48. 2011. [MB 561958]. — Typus: AS 3.6886. Ex-type: CBS 122276 = AS 3.6886. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Saturniformia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189585; BenA = EU644080; CaM = EU644062; RPB2 = JN121439.

Penicillium scabrosum Frisvad et al., Persoonia 14: 177. 1990. [MB 136735]. — Typus: IMI 285533. Ex-type: CBS 683.89 = CCF 3028 = FRR 2950 = IBT 3736 = IMI 285533 = DAOM 214786. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Scabrosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ267906; BenA = DQ285610; CaM = FJ530987; RPB2 = JN406541.

Penicillium sclerotigenum W. Yamam., Sci. Rep. Hyogo Univ. Agric. 1: 69. 1955. [MB 302424]. — Typus: IMI 68616. Ex-type: CBS 101033 = CBS 343.59 = ATCC 18488 = IBT 14346 = IFO 6167 = IMI 068616 = NRRL 3461 = QM 7779. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Penicillium ser. Sclerotigena. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033470; BenA = AY674393; CaM = KU896850; RPB2 = JN406652.

Penicillium sclerotiorum J.F.H. Beyma, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 96: 418. 1937. [MB 277708]. — Typus: IMI 40569. Ex-type: CBS 287.36 = ATCC 10494 = IFO 6105 = IMI 040569 = NRRL 2074 = QM 1938 = VKMF-353. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN626132; BenA = JN626001; CaM = JN626044; RPB2 = JN406585.

Penicillium scottii Visagie et al., Persoonia 46: 182. 2021. [MB 834430]. — Typus: CBS H-22040. Ex-type: CBS 138951 = IBT 31905 = DTO 185-F8 = CV 930. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140812; BenA = JX140991; CaM = JX157383; RPB2 = KP016894.

Penicillium scruposum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 91. 2023. [MB 571555]. — Typus: HMAS 247906. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25167. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870841; BenA = OR051190; CaM = OR051365; RPB2 = OR062055.

Penicillium sedimenticola Meng Li & L. Cai, Microbiome 11 (no. 272, Add. file 1): 22. 2023. [MB 571502]. — Typus: HMAS 352453. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.22527 = LC15940. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Nodula. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ798965; BenA = OQ808975; CaM = OQ808988; RPB2 = OQ809018.

Penicillium senticosum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 5. 1968. [MB 335764]. — Typus: CBS 316.67. Ex-type: CBS 316.67 = ATCC 18623 = CSIR 1042 = IMI 136211 = IMI 216905. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Eladia ser. Eladia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411733; BenA = KJ834490; CaM = MN969296; RPB2 = MN969136.

Penicillium setosum T.K. George, Houbraken, L. Mathew & M.S. Jisha, Acta Bot. Brasil 36 (e2021abb0390): 6. 2022. [MB 842377]. — Typus: CBS H-24872. Ex-type: CBS 144865 = DTO 455-G4 = WSR 62 = MCC 1370 = NCFT NO 8222.16 = AMH9974. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT852579; BenA = MF184995; CaM = MH105905; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium sexuale Rodr.-Andr. et al., J. Fungi 7 (2, no. 126): 10. 2021. [MB 835941]. — Typus: CBS H-24468. Ex-type: CBS 146939 = FMR 17380. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Crypta ser. Crypta. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR655195; BenA = LR655199; CaM = LR655203; RPB2 = LR655207.

Penicillium shearii Stolk & D.B. Scott, Persoonia 4: 396. 1967. [MB 335765]. — Typus: CBS 290.48. Ex-type: CBS 290.48 = ATCC 10410 = IFO 6088 = IMI 039739 = IMI 039739iv = NRRL 715 = QM 1870. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Sheariorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944606; BenA = JN606840; CaM = EU644068; RPB2 = JN121482.

Penicillium shennongjianum [as ‘shennonghianum’] H.Z. Kong & Z.T. Qi, Mycosystema 1: 110. 1988. [MB 632167]. — Typus: CBS 228.89. Ex-type: CBS 228.89. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Nodula. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411705; BenA = KJ834491; CaM = AY678561; RPB2 = JN121458.

Penicillium shihii X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 93. 2023. [MB 571556]. — Typus: HMAS 247907. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25168. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Livida. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870799; BenA = OR051060; CaM = OR051239; RPB2 = OR051412.

Penicillium siccitolerans Rodr.-Andr. et al., J. Fungi 7 (2, no. 126): 7. 2021. [MB 835939]. — Typus: CBS H-24466. Ex-type: FMR 17381. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR655193; BenA = LR655197; CaM = LR655201; RPB2 = LR655205.

Penicillium sichuanense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 95. 2023. [MB 571557]. — Typus: HMAS 247908. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25169. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Gracilenta ser. Estinogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870825; BenA = OR051101; CaM = OR051278; RPB2 = OR051447.

Penicillium sicoris Torres-Garcia et al., MycoKeys 86: 127. 2022. [MB 840559]. — Typus: CBS H-24784. Ex-type: CBS 148241 = FMR 18076. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Paradoxa ser. Atramentosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR884497; BenA = LR884494; CaM = LR884496; RPB2 = LR884495.

Penicillium silvertonense Visagie & Houbraken, Persoonia 53: 54. 2024. [MB 851112]. — Typus: PREM 62235. Ex-type: PPRI 25784 = CMW 59585 = CN 153I2 = CMV 007E3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450731; BenA = MK451122; CaM = MK451666; RPB2 = MK450869.

Penicillium silybi Labuda et al., J. Fungi 7 (7, no. 557): 9. 2021. [MB 839113]. — Typus: PRM 955189. Ex-type: CBS 147777 = G85 = CCF 6562. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF367458; BenA = MW774592; CaM = MW774591; RPB2 = AB860248.

Penicillium simianshanicum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 97. 2023. [MB 571558]. — Typus: HMAS 247909. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25170. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Simianshanica. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870805; BenA = OR051066; CaM = OR051245; RPB2 = OR051418.

Penicillium simile Davolos et al., published here. [MB 858616]. — Typus: ATCC MYA-4591. Ex-type: CBS 129191 = ATCC MYA-4591. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Raistrickiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ376592; BenA = FJ376595; CaM = GQ979710; RPB2 = MN969137.

Penicillium simplicissimum (Oudem.) Thom, Penicillia: 335. 1930. [MB 278201]. — Typus: CUP 5921. Ex-type: CBS 372.48 = ATCC 10495 = FRR 902 = IFO 5762 = IMI 039816 = QM 1939. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981588; BenA = GU981632; CaM = MN969297; RPB2 = JN121507.

Penicillium sinaicum Udagawa & S. Ueda, Mycotaxon 14: 266. 1982. [MB 110862]. — Typus: NHL 2894. Ex-type: CBS 279.82 = NHL 2894. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Crustacea. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997090; BenA = KU896818; CaM = JX996970; RPB2 = JN406587.

Penicillium singorense Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 119. 2014. [MB 809182]. — Typus: CBS H-21802. Ex-type: CBS 138214 = DTO 133C6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775674; BenA = KJ775167; CaM = KJ775403; RPB2 = MN969138.

Penicillium sizovae Baghd., Novosti. Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 5: 103. 1968. [MB 335767]. — Typus: CBS 413.69. Ex-type: CBS 413.69 = CCF 2169 = FRR 518 = IMI 140344 = VKMF-1073. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Citrina. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944588; BenA = GU944535; CaM = MN969298; RPB2 = JN606603.

Penicillium skrjabinii Schmotina & Golovleva, Mikol. Fitopatol. 8: 530. 1974. [MB 319296]. — Typus: IMI 196528. Ex-type: CBS 439.75 = CCF 2172 = NRRL 13055 = FRR 1945 = IMI 196528 = VKMF-1940. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981576; BenA = GU981626; CaM = MN969299; RPB2 = EU427252.

Penicillium smithii Quintan., Av. Aliment. Majora Anim. 23: 340. 1982. [MB 114173]. — Typus: CBS 276.83. Ex-type: CBS 276.83 = CECT 2744 = IMI 259693. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411723; BenA = KJ834492; CaM = KP016806; RPB2 = JN406589.

Penicillium soli Doilom et al., Front. Microbiol. 11 (no. 585215): 13. 2020. [MB 557862]. — Typus: MFLU 20-0432. Ex-type: KUMCC 18-0202. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT152337; BenA = MT161681; CaM = MT178249; RPB2 = MT384372.

Penicillium soliforme L. Cai et al., Cladistics 35: 540. 2018. [MB 818158]. — Typus: HMAS 247733. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18806 = NN 072519 = CBS 144482. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495038; BenA = KY495147; CaM = MN969337; RPB2 = KY495047.

Penicillium solitum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 65. 1911. [MB 206172]. — Typus: CBS 424.89. Ex-type: CBS 424.89 = ATCC 9923 = CBS 288.36 = FRR 937 = IBT 3948 = IFO 7765 = IMI 039810 = IMI 092225 = LSHBP 52 = MUCL 28668 = MUCL 29173 = NRRL 937. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY373932; BenA = MN969398; CaM = KU896851; RPB2 = KU904363.

Penicillium soosanum Kubátová et al., Mycol. Prog. 18: 223. 2019. [MB 824353]. — Typus: PRM 861478. Ex-type: CCF 3778 = MH 344 = CBS 140106 = 30727. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Oxalica. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ430745; BenA = FM865811; CaM = LT970913; RPB2 = LT797561.

Penicillium soppii [as ‘soppi’] K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 476. 1927. [MB 121424]. — Typus: IMI 40217. Ex-type: CBS 226.28 = CCF 2118 = ATCC 10496 = FRR 2023 = IFO 7766 = IMI 040217 = MUCL 29233 = NRRL 2023 = QM 1964 = IBT 18220. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Soppiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033488; BenA = MN969399; CaM = KJ867002; RPB2 = JN406606.

Penicillium spathulatum Frisvad & Samson, FEMS Microbiol. Letter 339: 88. 2013. [MB 492650]. — Typus: CBS 117192. Ex-type: CBS 117192 = IBT 22220. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Buchwaldiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX313165; BenA = MN969400; CaM = JX313149; RPB2 = JN406636.

Penicillium speluncae Visagie & N. Yilmaz, Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 10. 2019. [MB 828614]. — Typus: DAOM 745788. Ex-type: DAOMC 251701 = KAS 7512 = P06201. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG490869; BenA = MG490889; CaM = MG490959; RPB2 = MN170741.

Penicillium sphaerioides X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 99. 2023. [MB 571563]. — Typus: HMAS 247914. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25175. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870850; BenA = OR051199; CaM = OR051374; RPB2 = OR062064.

Penicillium spinuliferum L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 542. 2018. [MB 818153]. — Typus: HMAS 247734. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18807 = NN 072545 = CBS 144483. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495040; BenA = KY495149; CaM = MN969338; RPB2 = KY495090.

Penicillium spinulosum Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 76. 1910. [MB 215401]. — Typus: IMI 24316i. Ex-type: CBS 374.48 = CCF 2159 = ATCC 10498 = FRR 1750 = IMI 024316 = LSHBAd 29 = MUCL 13910 = MUCL 13911 = NCTC 591 = NRRL 1750 = QM 7654. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Spinulosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033410; BenA = KJ834493; CaM = KM089057; RPB2 = KM089444.

Penicillium stangiae A.L. Alves et al., Acta Bot. Brasil 36 e2022abb0006: 10. 2022. [MB 841261]. — Typus: URM 94477. Ex-type: URM 8347. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW648590; BenA = MW646388; CaM = MW646390; RPB2 = MW646392.

Penicillium steckii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 469. 1927. [MB 278769]. — Typus: IMI 40583. Ex-type: CBS 260.55 = ATCC 10499 = CECT 2268 = DSM1252 = IMI 040583 = NRRL 2140 = QM 6413. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Citrina. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944597; BenA = GU944522; CaM = MN969300; RPB2 = JN606602.

Penicillium sterculiniicola Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 436. 2014. [MB 809973]. — Typus: CBS H-21877. Ex-type: CBS 122426 = DTO 031-A4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Spinulosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189464; BenA = KM088693; CaM = KM089078; RPB2 = KM089465.

Penicillium stolkiae D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 8. 1968. [MB 335768]. — Typus: CBS 315.67. Ex-type: CBS 315.67 = ATCC 18546 = CSIR 1041 = FRR 534 = IMI 136210 = NRRL 5816. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Stolkia ser. Stolkia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033444; BenA = JN617717; CaM = AF481135; RPB2 = JN121488.

Penicillium striatisporum Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 35: 268. 1969. [MB 335769]. — Typus: CBS 705.68. Ex-type: CBS 705.68 = ATCC 22052 = CCRC 31679 = FRR 827 = IMI 151749 = MUCL 31202. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF038938; BenA = MN969401; CaM = KP016807; RPB2 = JN406538.

Penicillium subarcticum S.W. Peterson & Sigler, Mycol. Res. 106: 1116. 2002. [MB 483983]. — Typus: BPI 841397. Ex-type: CBS 111719 = NRRL 31108 = UAMH 3897. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Stolkia ser. Stolkia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF481120; BenA = JN617716; CaM = AF481141; RPB2 = MN969139.

Penicillium subfuscum Visagie & Yilmaz, Mycologia 115: 99. 2022. [MB 844188]. — Typus: PREM 63220. Ex-type: CMW 56196 = CBS 147455 = CN014C9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT949907; BenA = MT957412; CaM = MT957454; RPB2 = MT957480.

Penicillium subglobosum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 103. 2023. [MB 571559]. — Typus: HMAS 247910. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25171. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870844; BenA = OR051193; CaM = OR051368; RPB2 = OR062058.

Penicillium sublectaticum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 436. 2014. [MB 809974]. — Typus: CBS H-21955. Ex-type: CBS 138217 = DTO 244-G2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Sublectatica. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189761; BenA = KM089010; CaM = KM089397; RPB2 = KM089784.

Penicillium submersum Torres-Garcia et al., MycoKeys 86: 129. 2022. [MB 840560]. — Typus: CBS H-24785. Ex-type: CBS 148242 = FMR 17140. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Urticicola. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR814194; BenA = LR814187; CaM = LR814188; RPB2 = LR814195.

Penicillium subrubescens Houbraken et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 103: 1354. 2013. [MB 801306]. — Typus: CBS H-21029. Ex-type: CBS 132785 = DTO 188D6 = FBCC 1632 = IBT 31985. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC346350; BenA = KC346327; CaM = KC346330; RPB2 = KC346306. Genome: GCA_001908125.

Penicillium subspinulosum Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 436. 2014. [MB 809975]. — Typus: CBS H-21856. Ex-type: CBS 137946 = DTO 041-F2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Spinulosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189483; BenA = KM088719; CaM = KM089104; RPB2 = KM089491.

Penicillium subturcoseum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 105. 2016. [MB 811008]. — Typus: CBS H-22041. Ex-type: CBS 139132 = DAOMC 241096 = DTO 180-C9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ231006; BenA = JX141161; CaM = JX157532; RPB2 = KP064674.

Penicillium sucrivorum Visagie & K. Jacobs, Mycologia 106: 546. 2014. [MB 804723]. — Typus: CBS H-21331. Ex-type: CBS 135116 = DAOM 241042 = DTO 183E5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140872; BenA = JX141015; CaM = JX141506; RPB2 = MN969140.

Penicillium sumatraense [as ‘sumatrense’] Szilvinyi, Archiv. Hydrobiol. 14, Suppl. 6: 535. 1936. [MB 319297]. — Typus: CBS 281.36 (lectotype). Ex-type: CBS 281.36 = NRRL 779 = FRR 779. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Sumatraensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944578; BenA = JN606639; CaM = MN969301; RPB2 = EF198541.

Penicillium svalbardense Frisvad et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 92: 48. 2007. [MB 529943]. — Typus: EX-F 1307. Ex-type: CBS 122416 = IBT 23856. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981603; BenA = DQ486644; CaM = KC346338; RPB2 = KF296457.

Penicillium swiecickii [as ‘sweicicikii’] K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 474. 1927. [MB 534781]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 119391 = FRR 918 = IBT 27865 = IMI 191500 = NRRL 918. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033490; BenA = KJ834494; CaM = KJ866993; RPB2 = JN406635.

Penicillium synnematicola Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 62. 2019. [MB 822072]. — Typus: CBS H-23132. Ex-type: FMR 15192 = CBS 142669. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Glandicolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT898167; BenA = LT898172; CaM = LT898137; RPB2 = LT898142.

Penicillium taii X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 107. 2023. [MB 571564]. — Typus: HMAS 247915. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25176. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870778; BenA = OR051170; CaM = OR051347; RPB2 = OR051496.

Penicillium tanzanicum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 275. 2016. [MB 815781]. — Typus: DAOM 695766. Ex-type: DAOMC 250514 = CBS 140968 = 50.118 = KAS 1946. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = KT887841; BenA = KT887802; CaM = KT887763; RPB2 = MN969183.

Penicillium tardicrescens X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 111. 2023. [MB 571566]. — Typus: HMAS 247917. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25178. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870853; BenA = OR051202; CaM = OR051377; RPB2 = OR062067.

Penicillium tardochrysogenum Frisvad et al., Persoonia 29: 93. 2012. [MB 801877]. — Typus: CBS H-21057. Ex-type: CBS 132200 = IBT 30075 = DTO 149B9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997028; BenA = JX996898; CaM = JX996239; RPB2 = JX996634.

Penicillium taurinense S. Prencipe et al., Persoonia 44: 435. 2020. [MB 834715]. — Typus: CBS H-24332. Ex-type: CBS 145672 = DTO 333-B8 = CAS16. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Glandicolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF595981; BenA = MF595977; CaM = MF595979; RPB2 = MT253108.

Penicillium taxi R. Schneid., Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 110: 43. 1956. [MB 282799]. — Typus: CBS 206.57. Ex-type: CBS 206.57 = IBT 34144 = ATCC 18484 = BBA 7480 = MUCL 11402 = QM 8153. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Thysanophora ser. Thysanophora. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834517; BenA = KJ834495; CaM = MN969302; RPB2 = JN121454. Genome: GCA_028828555.

Penicillium tealii Y.P. Tan et al., Persoonia 49: 307. 2022. [MB 845000]. — Typus: BRIP 72734c. Ex-type: BRIP 72734c. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Cinnamopurpurea ser. Jiangxiensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP101639; BenA = OP039547; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OP039546.

Penicillium tengii X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 113. 2023. [MB 571567]. — Typus: HMAS 247918. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25179. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870735; BenA = OR051120; CaM = OR051297; RPB2 = OR051465.

Penicillium tenue C. Liu et al., J. Fungi 9 (10, no. 960): 16. 2023. [MB 571617]. — Typus: HMAS 247881. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25205. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON563151; BenA = ON231296; CaM = ON470839; RPB2 = ON470842.

Penicillium terrarumae Houbraken et al., Phytotaxa 273: 170. 2016. [MB 801431]. — Typus: HGUPd2020. Ex-type: CBS 131811 = DTO 174-H2 = HGUP2025. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431397; BenA = KX650295; CaM = MN969323; RPB2 = MN969185.

Penicillium terrenum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 1. 1968. [MB 335771]. — Typus: CBS 313.67. Ex-type: CBS 313.67 = ATCC 18547 = CSIR 1022 = IMI 136208. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AM992111; BenA = KJ834496; CaM = KP016808; RPB2 = JN406577.

Penicillium terrigenum Seifert et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 125. 2011. [MB 563204]. — Typus: CBS H-20667. Ex-type: CBS 127354 = IBT 30769. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Copticolarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617684; BenA = JN606810; CaM = JN606583; RPB2 = JN606600.

Penicillium thailandense N. Suwannarach et al., Phytotaxa 612: 38. 2023. [MB 847950]. — Typus: SDBR-CMU442. Ex-type: SDBR-CMU 442. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Vascosobrinhoana. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR186737; BenA = OP603898; CaM = OP603900; RPB2 = OP603902.

Penicillium thiersii S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 96: 1283. 2004. [MB 487738]. — Typus: BPI 842269. Ex-type: CBS 117503 = IBT 27050 = NRRL 28162. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thiersiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF125936; BenA = KM088709; CaM = AY741726; RPB2 = JN121434.

Penicillium thymicola Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 29. 2004. [MB 370969]. — Typus: CBS 111225. Ex-type: CBS 111225 = IBT 5891. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Verrucosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834518; BenA = MN969402; CaM = FJ530990; RPB2 = KU904364.

Penicillium tirolense Kirchm. et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 10: 96. 2022. [MB 845496]. — Typus: IBF2019/0162. Ex-type: CBS 147625 = SF014017. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW145398; BenA = MW143069; CaM = MW143068; RPB2 = MW143067.

Penicillium tolerans Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 3: 12. 2022. [MB 900151]. — Typus: BRIP 64090a. Ex-type: BRIP 64090a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OK639006; BenA = OL741658; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium tricolor Frisvad et al., Canad. J. Bot. 72: 937. 1994. [MB 541710]. — Typus: DAOM 216240. Ex-type: CBS 635.93 = IBT 12493 = DAOM 216240. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Viridicata. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN942704; BenA = MN969403; CaM = KU896852; RPB2 = JN985422.

Penicillium tropicoides Houbraken et al., Fungal Diversity 44: 127. 2010. [MB 518293]. — Typus: CBS 122410. Ex-type: CBS 122410 = IBT 29043. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Citrina. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944584; BenA = GU944531; CaM = MN969303; RPB2 = JN606608.

Penicillium tropicum Houbraken et al., Fungal Diversity 44: 129. 2010. [MB 518294]. — Typus: SC 42-1. Ex-type: CBS 112584 = IBT 24580. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Citrina. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944582; BenA = GU944532; CaM = MN969304; RPB2 = JN606607.

Penicillium trzebinskii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 498. 1927. [MB 280795]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 382.48 = CCF 2068 = ATCC 10507 = FRR 731 = IFO 6110 = IMI 039749 = MUCL 29102 = NRRL 731 = QM 7678. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Spinulosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189784; BenA = KM089034; CaM = KM089421; RPB2 = KM089808.

Penicillium tsitsikammaense Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 440. 2014. [MB 809976]. — Typus: CBS H-21881. Ex-type: CBS 328.71 = DTO 006-I3 = CSIR 1092. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189451; BenA = KM088675; CaM = KM089060; RPB2 = KM089447.

Penicillium tubakianum Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 151. 2016. [MB 808270]. — Typus: CBS H-21604. Ex-type: CBS 287.66 = DTO 138-D9 = MUCL 8519 = IFO 8315. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303652; BenA = KF303611; CaM = KF303637; RPB2 = KF303712.

Penicillium tularense Paden, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 43: 264. 1971. [MB 319298]. — Typus: UVIC JWP 68-31. Ex-type: CBS 430.69 = ATCC 22056 = FRR 899 = IFO 31740 = IMI 148394 = NRRL 5273 = AS 3.14006. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Tularensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033487; BenA = KC427175; CaM = JX313135; RPB2 = JN121516.

Penicillium tulipae Overy & Frisvad, Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 26: 634. 2003. [MB 488954]. — Typus: C 60162. Ex-type: CBS 109555 = CBS 187.88 = IBT 3458. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Corymbifera. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ834519; BenA = MN969404; CaM = MN969305; RPB2 = MN969141.

Penicillium tunisiense S. Ouhibi et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 68: 3224. 2018. [MB 823626]. — Typus: MUM-H 17.62. Ex-type: ITEM 17445 = MUM-H 17.62. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Soppiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG586956; BenA = MG586970; CaM = MG586974; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium turbatum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 128. 1911. [MB 202895]. — Typus: IMI 39738. Ex-type: CBS 383.48 = CBS 237.60 = CCF 2225 = ATCC 9782 = DSM2426 = FRR 757 = IFO 7767 = IMI 039738 = MUCL 29115 = NRRL 757 = NRRL 758 = QM 1941. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Turbata ser. Turbata. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF034454; BenA = KJ834499; CaM = KU896853; RPB2 = JN406556.

Penicillium turcosoconidiatum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 440. 2014. [MB 809977]. — Typus: CBS H-21876. Ex-type: CBS 138557 = DTO 181-A3 = CV 110 = DAOM 241130. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140741; BenA = JX271494; CaM = JX157273; RPB2 = KM089663.

Penicillium ubiquetum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 127. 2011. [MB 563201]. — Typus: CBS H-20659. Ex-type: CBS 126437 = IBT 22226. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617680; BenA = JN606800; CaM = MN969306; RPB2 = MN969142.

Penicillium ulaiense H.M. Hsieh et al., Trans. Mycol. Soc. Rep. China 2: 161. 1987. [MB 126489]. — Typus: PPEH 29001.87. Ex-type: CBS 210.92 = CBS 261.94 = CCRC 32655 = IBT 18387 = IBT 23037. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Penicillium ser. Italica. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411695; BenA = AY674408; CaM = KU896854; RPB2 = KU904365.

Penicillium ulleungdoense D.H. Choi & J.G. Kim, published here. 2025. [MB 858617]. — Typus: KACC 48990. Ex-type: KACC 48990. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN640087; BenA = MN737487; CaM = MN745074; RPB2 = MN756007.

Penicillium umkhoba Visagie & Yilmaz, Mycologia 115: 101. 2022. [MB 844189]. — Typus: PREM 63222. Ex-type: CMW 56200 = CBS 147457 = CN014D5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT949912; BenA = MT957417; CaM = MT957459; RPB2 = MT957485.

Penicillium uruguayense Guevara-Suarez et al., Persoonia 39: 323. 2017. [MB 822920]. — Typus: FMR H-14490. Ex-type: CBS 143247 = FMR 14490. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT904729; BenA = LT904699; CaM = LT904698; RPB2 = MN969200.

Penicillium vaccaeorum Quintan., Mycopathologia 80: 77. 1982. [MB 109999]. — Typus: CBS 148.83. Ex-type: CBS 148.83 = CCF 2249 = DTO 009-E2 = CECT 2753. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Roseopurpurea. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617689; BenA = JN606835; CaM = JN606543; RPB2 = JN606614.

Penicillium vagum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 443. 2014. [MB 809978]. — Typus: CBS H-21926. Ex-type: CBS 137728 = DTO 180-G3 = CV 25 = DAOM 241357. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Longicatenata. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140748; BenA = JX271531; CaM = JX157262; RPB2 = KM089660.

Penicillium valentinum C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 72: 183. 1980. [MB 113027]. — Typus: IJFM 5071. Ex-type: CBS 172.81 = CCF 2102 = ATCC 42227 = IJFM 5071. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189550; BenA = KM088788; CaM = KM089173; RPB2 = KM089560.

Penicillium vallebormidaense R.N. Barbosa & J.D.P. Bezerra, Persoonia 45: 371. 2020. [MB 837659]. — Typus: CBS H-24527. Ex-type: CBS 147064 = DTO 402-H5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT316359; BenA = MW115862; CaM = MW115863; RPB2 = MW115864.

Penicillium vancouverense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 131. 2011. [MB 563207]. — Typus: CBS H-20646. Ex-type: CBS 126323 = IBT 20700. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617675; BenA = JN606663; CaM = MN969307; RPB2 = MN969143.

Penicillium vanderhammenii Houbraken et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1473. 2011. [MB 518027]. — Typus: HUA 170337. Ex-type: CBS 126216 = IBT 23203. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981574; BenA = GU981647; CaM = MN969308; RPB2 = KF296458.

Penicillium vanluykii Frisvad et al., Persoonia 29: 97. 2012. [MB 801878]. — Typus: CBS H-21059. Ex-type: CBS 131539 = DTO 148I2 = IBT 14505. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Chrysogena ser. Chrysogena. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX997007; BenA = JX996879; CaM = JX996220; RPB2 = JX996615.

Penicillium vanoranjei Visagie et al., Persoonia 31: 46. 2013. [MB 803782]. — Typus: CBS H-21145. Ex-type: CBS 134406. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC695696; BenA = KC695686; CaM = KC695691; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium variratense Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 151. 2016. [MB 808271]. — Typus: CBS H-21611. Ex-type: CBS 337.97 = DTO 137-C8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303649; BenA = KF303610; CaM = KF303630; RPB2 = KF303675.

Penicillium vasconiae C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 72: 189. 1980. [MB 113028]. — Typus: CBS 339.79. Ex-type: CBS 339.79 = CCF 2044 = ATCC 42224 = IJFM 3008. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981599; BenA = GU981653; CaM = MN969309; RPB2 = MN969144.

Penicillium vascosobrinhoanum [as ‘vascosobrinhous’] R.N. Barbosa & J.D.P. Bezerra, Acta Bot. Brasil 34: 412. 2020. [MB 840590]. — Typus: URM 94140. Ex-type: URM 8193. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Vascosobrinhoana. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR744067; BenA = LR744069; CaM = LR744063; RPB2 = LR744065.

Penicillium velutinum J.F.H. Beyma, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 91: 353. 1935. [MB 283175]. — Typus: IMI 40571. Ex-type: CBS 250.32 = CCF 2382 = ATCC 10510 = CECT 2318 = IJFM 5108 = IMI 040571 = NRRL 2069 = QM 7686 = VKMF-379. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033448; BenA = JX141170; CaM = MT478037; RPB2 = KP064682.

Penicillium venetum (Frisvad) Frisvad, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 275. 2000. [MB 459816]. — Typus: IMI 321520. Ex-type: IBT 10661 = IMI 321520. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Veneta. DNA barcodes: ITS = AJ005485; BenA = AY674335; CaM = KU896855; RPB2 = KU904366.

Penicillium verhagenii Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 443. 2014. [MB 809979]. — Typus: CBS H-21865. Ex-type: CBS 137959 = DTO 193-A1 = IBT 22210. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Verhageniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189708; BenA = KM088955; CaM = KM089342; RPB2 = KM089729. Genome: GCA_028828195.

Penicillium verrucisporum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Sci. Rep. 7: 10. 2017. [MB 570339]. — Typus: HMAS 248819. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18415. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX885069; BenA = KX885049; CaM = KX885059; RPB2 = KX885040.

Penicillium verrucosum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB 212252]. — Typus: IMI 200310. Ex-type: CBS 603.74 = ATCC 48957 = ATHUM2897 = CECT 2906 = FRR 965 = IBT 12809 = IBT 4733 = IMI 200310 = IMI 200310ii = MUCL 28674 = MUCL 29089 = MUCL 29186 = NRRL 965. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Verrucosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY373938; BenA = MN969405; CaM = DQ911138; RPB2 = JN121539.

Penicillium vickeryae Y.P. Tan & R.G. Shivas, Index Austral. Fungi 3: 10. 2022. [MB 900144]. — Typus: BRIP 72552a. Ex-type: BRIP 72552a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP903479; BenA = OP921966; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OP921965.

Penicillium vinaceum J.C. Gilman & E.V. Abbott, Iowa St. Coll. J. Sci. 1: 299. 1927. [MB 281754]. — Typus: IMI 29189. Ex-type: CBS 389.48 = ATCC 10514 = FRR 739 = IMI 029189 = NRRL 739 = QM 6746. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033461; BenA = HQ646575; CaM = HQ646586; RPB2 = JN406555.

Penicillium virgatum Nirenberg & Kwasna, Mycol. Res. 109: 977. 2005. [MB 341488]. — Typus: BBA 65745. Ex-type: CBS 114838 = BBA 65745. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Virgata. DNA barcodes: ITS = AJ748692; BenA = KJ834500; CaM = KJ866992; RPB2 = JN406641.

Penicillium viridicatum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 88. 1911. [MB 163349]. — Typus: IMI 39758ii. Ex-type: CBS 390.48 = ATCC 10515 = IBT 23041 = IFO 7736 = IMI 039758 = IMI 039758ii = NRRL 963 = QM 7683. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Viridicata. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY373939; BenA = MN969406; CaM = KU896856; RPB2 = JN121511.

Penicillium viridipigmentum Van Vuuren et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 13: 480. 2024. [MB 854286]. — Typus: PRU(M) 4579. Ex-type: CMW-IA 003483 = CMW 59679 = CN069H6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Atroveneta. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP375132; BenA = PP356427; CaM = PP356431; RPB2 = PP356464.

Penicillium viridissimum L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 543. 2018. [MB 818160]. — Typus: HMAS 247735. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18796 = NN 072081 = CBS 144484. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495004; BenA = KY495113; CaM = MN969339; RPB2 = KY495059.

Penicillium viticola Nonaka & Masuma, Mycoscience 52: 339. 2011. [MB 516048]. — Typus: TNS-F-38702. Ex-type: JCM 17636 = FKI-4410. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB606414; BenA = AB540174; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium vulpinum (Cooke & Massee) Seifert & Samson, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 144. 1985. [MB 114763]. — Typus: on dung, s. coll., in herb. Cooke (K). Ex-type: CBS 126.23 = CCF 2198 = ATCC 10426 = IMI 040237 = NRRL 2031 = VKMF-257. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Claviformia. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF506012; BenA = KJ834501; CaM = KU896857; RPB2 = KU904367.

Penicillium waksmanii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 468. 1927. [MB 121677]. — Typus: IMI 39746i. Ex-type: CBS 230.28 = CCF 2055 = ATCC 10516 = FRR 777 = IFO 7737 = IMI 039746 = IMI 039746i = MUCL 29120 = NRRL 777 = QM 7681. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944602; BenA = JN606779; CaM = MN969310; RPB2 = JN606627.

Penicillium wellingtonense A.L.J. Cole et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 133. 2011. [MB 563208]. — Typus: CBS H-20657. Ex-type: CBS 130375 = IBT 23557 = DTO 76C6. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN617713; BenA = JN606670; CaM = MN969311; RPB2 = JN606616.

Penicillium westlingii K. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Sér. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 473. 1927. [MB 282076]. — Typus: IMI 92272. Ex-type: CBS 231.28 = CCF 3001 = IMI 092272. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU944601; BenA = JN606718; CaM = MN969312; RPB2 = JN606625.

Penicillium williamettense Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 151. 2016. [MB 808272]. — Typus: CBS H-21609. Ex-type: CBS 129774 = DTO 208-A4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303667; BenA = KF303622; CaM = KF303639; RPB2 = KF303709.

Penicillium wisconsinense Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 151. 2016. [MB 808273]. — Typus: CBS H-21614. Ex-type: CBS 128279 = DTO 198-H7 = WSF 3132. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF303670; BenA = KF303624; CaM = KF303641; RPB2 = KF303706.

Penicillium wollemiicola Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 153. 2016. [MB 808274]. — Typus: DAOM 675862. Ex-type: CBS 137177 = DTO 297-E3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ174314; BenA = KJ174315; CaM = KJ174316; RPB2 = KJ174313.

Penicillium wotroi Houbraken et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1474. 2011. [MB 518026]. — Typus: HUA 170336. Ex-type: CBS 118171 = IBT 23253. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981591; BenA = GU981637; CaM = MN969313; RPB2 = KF296460.

Penicillium wuxiense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 125. 2023. [MB 571573]. — Typus: HMAS 247924. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25185. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870872; BenA = OR051221; CaM = OR051395; RPB2 = OR062085.

Penicillium xanthomelinii Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 105. 2016. [MB 811009]. — Typus: CBS H-22048. Ex-type: CBS 139163 = DAOMC 241104 = DTO 183-C7. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX140921; BenA = JX141120; CaM = JX157495; RPB2 = KP064683.

Penicillium xyleborini Visagie & W.J. Nel, Persoonia 47: 349. 2021. [MB 840990]. — Typus: PREM 63078. Ex-type: CMW 56800 = CN 001D4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Soppiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW504356; BenA = MW480817; CaM = MW480823; RPB2 = MW480824.

Penicillium yarmokense Baghd., Novosti. Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 5: 99. 1968. [MB 335774]. — Typus: CBS H-7536. Ex-type: CBS 410.69 = FRR 520 = IMI 140346 = VKMF-1076. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC411757; BenA = MN969407; CaM = MN969314; RPB2 = JN406553.

Penicillium yezoense Hanzawa ex Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 443. 2014. [MB 809980]. — Typus: CBS H-21863. Ex-type: CBS 350.59 = ATCC 18333 = FRR 3395 = IFO 5362 = IMI 068615. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189553; BenA = KM088792; CaM = KM089177; RPB2 = KM089564.

Penicillium yugoslavicum [as ‘jugoslavicum’] C. Ramírez & Munt.-Cvetk., Mycopathologia 88: 65. 1984. [MB 106339]. — Typus: CBS 192.87. Ex-type: CBS 192.87 = IJFM 7785 = IMI 314508. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KC773836; BenA = KC773789; CaM = KC773815; RPB2 = JN406618.

Penicillium yunnanense L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 545. 2018. [MB 818163]. — Typus: HMAS 247736. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18794 = NN 051336 = CBS 144485. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY494990; BenA = KY495099; CaM = MN969340; RPB2 = KY495048.

Penicillium yuyongnianii X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 129. 2023. [MB 571575]. — Typus: HMAS 247926. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25187. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870820; BenA = OR051175; CaM = OR051352; RPB2 = OR051499.

Penicillium zhanjiangense C. Liu et al., J. Fungi 9 (10, no. 960): 18. 2023. [MB 571618]. — Typus: HMAS 247882. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25206. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON563149; BenA = ON231294; CaM = ON470837; RPB2 = n.a.

Penicillium zhuangii L. Wang, PLoS ONE 9 (7e): 10145404, 4. 2014. [MB 805945]. — Typus: HMAS 244922. Ex-type: CBS 137464 = NRRL 62806 = AS 3.15341. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Hoeksiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF769435; BenA = KF769411; CaM = KF769422; RPB2 = MN969145.

Penicillium zonatum Hodges & J.J. Perry, Mycologia 65: 697. 1973. [MB 319303]. — Typus: BPI FSL 525. Ex-type: CBS 992.72 = ATCC 24353. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU981581; BenA = GU981651; CaM = MN969315; RPB2 = KF296461.

Phialomyces

Phialomyces arenicola (Chalab.) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 90. 2020. [MB 832563]. — Typus: IMI 117658. Ex-type: CBS 220.66 = CCF 2362 = ATCC 18321 = ATCC 18330 = DSM2435 = FRR 3392 = IMI 117658 = NRRL 3392 = VKM F-1035. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU092964; BenA = GU092771; CaM = GU092801; RPB2 = GU092935.

Phialomyces humicoloides (Bills & Heredia) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 90. 2020. [MB 832564]. — Typus: BPI 748244. Ex-type: CBS 102854 = NRRL 35712. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU092965; BenA = GU092782; CaM = GU092804; RPB2 = GU092937.

Phialomyces macrosporus P.C. Misra & P.H.B. Talbot, Canad. J. Bot. 42: 1287. 1964. [MB 336291]. — Typus: Waite Instit. 15645. Ex-type: CBS 430.64 = ATCC 16661= IMI 110130 = MUCL 9776. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431404; BenA = MN969422; CaM = MN969343; RPB2 = JN121515.

Pseudohamigera

Pseudohamigera striata (Raper & Fennell) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 90. 2020. [MB 832565]. — Typus: IMI 39741. Ex-type: CBS 377.48 = CCF 2232 = ATCC 10501 = IFO6106 = IMI 39741 = NRRL 717 = QM1857 = VKM F-2044. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF454073; BenA = GU092799; CaM = GU092841; RPB2 = GU092928.

Pseudopenicillium

Pseudopenicillium cervifimosum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 66. 2020. [MB 822079]. — Typus: CBS H-23133. Ex-type: CBS 142670 = FMR 15299. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT899789; BenA = LT898315; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = LT899807.

Pseudopenicillium giganteum (R.Y. Roy & G.N. Singh) Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 68. 2020. [MB 822077]. — Typus: IMI 132774. Ex-type: CBS 144.69 = DTO 036-H2 = ATCC 48996 = FRR 535 = IMI 132774 = NRRL 3553. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU092966; BenA = GU092779; CaM = GU092847; RPB2 = GU092923.

Pseudopenicillium megasporum (P.A. Orpurt & D.I. Fennell) Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 68. 2020. [MB 822078]. — Typus: IMI 216904. Ex-type: CBS 256.55 = ATCC 12322 = FRR 2232 = IMI 216904 = NRRL 2232 = QM 6879 = WB 2232. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033494; BenA = GU092757; CaM = GU092846; RPB2 = GU092921.

Rasamsonia

Rasamsonia aegroticola Houbraken et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 51: 25. 2013. [MB 801150]. — Typus: CBS H-21031. Ex-type: CBS 132819 = DTO 137-A8 = IHEM 22641. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX272988; BenA = JX273020; CaM = JX272956; RPB2 = MN969193.

Rasamsonia argillacea (Stolk, H.C. Evans & T. Nilsson) Houbraken & Frisvad, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 101: 412. 2012. [MB 519878]. — Typus: CBS 101.69. Ex-type: CBS 101.69 = CCF 3054 = DTO 097-E4 = IBT 31199. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF417491; BenA = JF417456; CaM = JF417501; RPB2 = JF417415.

Rasamsonia brevistipitata Houbraken & Frisvad, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 101: 413. 2012. [MB 519870]. — Typus: CBS H-20546. Ex-type: CBS 128785 = DTO 025-H2 = IBT 31187. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF417488; BenA = JF417454; CaM = JF417499; RPB2 = JN406530.

Rasamsonia byssochlamydoides (Stolk & Samson) Houbraken & Frisvad, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 101: 415. 2012. [MB 519877]. — Typus: CBS 413.71. Ex-type: CBS 413.71 = DTO 149-D6 = DTO 108-B4 = IMI 178524 = JCM12813 = NRRL 3658. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF417476; BenA = JF417460; CaM = JF417512; RPB2 = JF417437. Genome: GCF_041956645.

Rasamsonia chlamydospora Spetik & Houbraken, Sci. Rep. 13 (1, no. 14903): 4. 2023. [MB 845365]. — Typus: CBS H-25023. Ex-type: CBS 149229 = DTO 473-E5 = MEND-F-0752. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON863770; BenA = ON873765; CaM = ON938198; RPB2 = ON938202.

Rasamsonia columbiensis Jurjević et al., Persoonia 36: 405. 2016. [MB 816869]. — Typus: BPI 910043. Ex-type: CBS 141097 = CCF 5289. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT548281; BenA = LT548285; CaM = MN969326; RPB2 = MN969195.

Rasamsonia composticola Y.Y. Su & L. Cai, Mycol. Prog. 12: 217. 2013. [MB 800249]. — Typus: HMAS 242447. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.13669. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF970184; BenA = JF970183; CaM = JQ729688; RPB2 = JQ729684.

Rasamsonia cylindrospora (G. Sm.) Houbraken & Frisvad, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 101: 415. 2012. [MB 519876]. — Typus: IMI 71623. Ex-type: CBS 275.58 = CCF 3050 = DTO 138-F8 = IBT31202 = IMI 071623. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF417470; BenA = JF417448; CaM = JF417493; RPB2 = JF417423.

Rasamsonia eburnea (Yaguchi, Someya & Udagawa) Houbraken & Frisvad, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 101: 416. 2012. [MB 519875]. — Typus: PF 1151. Ex-type: CBS 100538 = DTO 105-D6 = IBT 17519. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF417483; BenA = JF417462; CaM = JF417494; RPB2 = JN406532.

Rasamsonia emersonii (Stolk) Houbraken & Frisvad, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 101: 417. 2012. [MB 519874]. — Typus: CBS 393.64. Ex-type: CBS 393.64 = DTO 164-E9 = DTO 048-I1 = ATCC 16479 = CECT2607 = IFO31232 = IMI 116815 = IMI 116815ii. DNA barcodes: ITS = JF417478; BenA = JF417463; CaM = JF417510; RPB2 = GCF000968595. Genome: GCF_000968595.

Rasamsonia frigidotolerans Rodr.-Andr. et al., Microorganisms 12: 13. 2020. [MB 830608]. — Typus: CBS H-23373. Ex-type: CBS 143845 = FMR 16675. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT985886; BenA = LT985895; CaM = LT985897; RPB2 = n.a.

Rasamsonia oblata (Pitt & A.D. Hocking) Yanai & Udagawa, Jap. J. Mycol. 61: 93. 2020. [MB 836491]. — Typus: FRR 2234. Ex-type: CBS 258.87 = IMI 288719 = NBRC 33091. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR142403; BenA = OR145988; CaM = OR145994; RPB2 = n.a.

Rasamsonia piperina Houbraken et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 51: 26. 2013. [MB 801151]. — Typus: CBS H-21030. Ex-type: CBS 408.73 = DTO 138-G3 = IJFM 1326. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX272968; BenA = JX273000; CaM = JX272936; RPB2 = MN969194.

Rasamsonia pulvericola Tanney & Seifert, IMA Fungus 4: 207. 2013. [MB 804677]. — Typus: DAOM 242435. Ex-type: DAOMC 242435. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF242514; BenA = KF242520; CaM = KF242522; RPB2 = KF242518.

Rasamsonia sabulosa (Pitt & A.D. Hocking) Yanai & Udagawa, Jap. J. Mycol. 61: 96. 2020. [MB 836492]. — Typus: FRR 2743. Ex-type: ATCC 56984 = FRR 2743. DNA barcodes: ITS = LC546720; BenA = LC546726; CaM = LC546742; RPB2 = n.a.

Sagenomella

Sagenomella diversispora (J.F.H. Beyma) W. Gams, Persoonia 10: 102. 1978. [MB 323034]. — Typus: CBS 354.36. Ex-type: CBS 354.36. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431407; BenA = MN969427; CaM = MN969348; RPB2 = MN969207.

Sagenomella griseoviridis (Onions & G.L. Barron) W. Gams, Persoonia 10: 102. 1978. [MB 323035]. — Typus: CBS 426.67. Ex-type: CBS 426.67 = ATCC 18505 = IMI 113160. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431406; BenA = MN969426; CaM = MN969347; RPB2 = JF417438.

Sagenomella humicola (Onions & G.L. Barron) W. Gams, Persoonia 10: 102. 1978. [MB 323036]. — Typus: IMI 113166. Ex-type: CBS 427.67 = ATCC 18506 = IAM14793 = IMI 113166. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH859021; BenA = MN969428; CaM = MN969349; RPB2 = JF417439.

Sagenomella ocotl (Bills & Heredia) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 179. 2011. [MB 560681]. — Typus: BPI GB6125. Ex-type: CBS 102855 = BPI GB6125. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF285113; BenA = MN969431; CaM = MN969352; RPB2 = n.a.

Sagenomella striatispora (Onions & G.L. Barron) W. Gams, Persoonia 10: 102. 1978. [MB 323040]. — Typus: IMI 113163. Ex-type: CBS 429.67 = DTO 107-B2 = ATCC 18510 = IAM14795 = IMI 113163. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431408; BenA = MN969429; CaM = MN969350; RPB2 = JF417440.

Sagenomella verticillata W. Gams & B.E. Söderstr., Persoonia 10: 107. 1978. [MB 323041]. — Typus: CBS 414.78. Ex-type: CBS 414.78 = IAM 14697. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431409; BenA = MN969430; CaM = MN969351; RPB2 = MN969208.

Sclerocleista

Sclerocleista ornata (Raper, Fennell & Tresner) Subram., Curr. Sci. 41: 757. 1972. [MB 323241]. — Typus: IMI 55295. Ex-type: CBS 124.53 = ATCC 16921 = IMI 55295 = LSHB BB311 = MUCL15643 = NRRL 2256 = QM1951 = UC 4518 = WB 2256. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669704; BenA = EF669676; CaM = EF669690; RPB2 = EF669663.

Sclerocleista thaxteri Subram., Curr. Sci. 41: 757. 1972. [MB 323242]. — Typus: On caterpillar dung, “Kittery Point”, coll. R. Thaxter ex Farlow Herbarium. Harvard University. Ex-type: CBS 105.25 = IFO4042 = IFO8130 = IMI 55296 = NRRL 2292 = WB 2292. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU021599; BenA = EU021668; CaM = EU021689; RPB2 = EU021630.

Talaromyces

Talaromyces acaricola Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 49. 2016. [MB 810899]. — Typus: CBS H-21632. Ex-type: CBS 137386 = DTO 183-B3 = DAOM 241025 = IBT 32387. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX091476; BenA = JX091610; CaM = JX140729; RPB2 = KF984956.

Talaromyces aculeatus (Raper & Fennell) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 174. 2011. [MB 560639]. — Typus: IMI 040588. Ex-type: CBS 289.48 = ATCC 10409 = IMI 040588 = NRRL 2129 = NRRL A-1474. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF741995; BenA = KF741929; CaM = KF741975; RPB2 = MH793099.

Talaromyces adpressus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 124. 2016. [MB 817397]. — Typus: CBS H-22507. Ex-type: CBS 140620 = CGMCC 3.18211 = DTO 317-G4. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866657; BenA = KU866844; CaM = KU866741; RPB2 = KU867001.

Talaromyces aerius A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 124. 2016. [MB 817398]. — Typus: CBS H-22506. Ex-type: CBS 140611 = CGMCC 3.18197 = DTO 317-C7. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866647; BenA = KU866835; CaM = KU866731; RPB2 = KU866991.

Talaromyces aerugineus (Samson) Yilmaz et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 210. 2014. [MB 809553]. — Typus: CBS H-7448. Ex-type: CBS 350.66 = BDUN 276 = IMI 105412. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY753346; BenA = KJ865736; CaM = KJ885285; RPB2 = JN121502.

Talaromyces affinitatimellis Rodr.-Andr. et al., IMA Fungus 10 (no 20): 20. 2019. [MB 823591]. — Typus: CBS H-23370. Ex-type: FMR 15690 = CBS 143840. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT906543; BenA = LT906552; CaM = LT906549; RPB2 = LT906546.

Talaromyces africanus Houbraken et al., J. Fungi 7 (11, no. 993): 10. 2021. [MB 841228]. — Typus: CBS H-24874. Ex-type: CBS 147340 = DTO 179-C5 = KAS 3859. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = OK339610; BenA = OK338782; CaM = OK338808; RPB2 = OK338833.

Talaromyces ailsahockingiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 32: 10. 2024. [MB 901777]. — Typus: MST-FP2620. Ex-type: MST-FP2620. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP416843; BenA = PP438386; CaM = PP438370; RPB2 = PP438379.

Talaromyces albidus L. Wang, Mycopathologia 188: 795. 2023. [MB 571589]. — Typus: HMAS 352456. Ex-type: AS 3.26143. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ746343; BenA = OQ746324; CaM = OQ746326; RPB2 = OQ746328.

Talaromyces albisclerotius B.D. Sun et al., MycoKeys 68: 88. 2020. [MB 833135]. — Typus: CBS H-22837. Ex-type: CBS 141839 = DTO 340-G5. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN864276; BenA = MN863345; CaM = MN863322; RPB2 = MN863334.

Talaromyces albobiverticillius (H.-M. Hsieh, Y.M. Ju & S.Y. Hsieh) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 174. 2011. [MB 560683]. — Typus: BCRC 34774. Ex-type: CBS 133440 = DTO 166-E5 = YMJ 1292. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = HQ605705; BenA = KF114778; CaM = KJ885258; RPB2 = KM023310.

Talaromyces allahabadensis (B.S. Mehrotra & D. Kumar) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 174. 2011. [MB 560640]. — Typus: University of Allahabad P-26. Ex-type: CBS 453.93 = CCF 2273 = ATCC 15067 = CBS 304.63. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF984873; BenA = KF984614; CaM = KF984768; RPB2 = KF985006.

Talaromyces alveolaris Guevara-Suarez et al., Mycoses 60: 656. 2017. [MB 820459]. — Typus: CBS H-22999. Ex-type: CBS 142379 = UTHSC DI16-147 = FMR 13963. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT558969; BenA = LT559086; CaM = LT795596; RPB2 = LT795597.

Talaromyces amazonensis Yilmaz et al., Mycol. Prog. 15: 1052. 2016. [MB 816230]. — Typus: HUA 197223. Ex-type: CBS 140373 = IBT 23215 = DTO 093-F9. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX011509; BenA = KX011490; CaM = KX011502; RPB2 = MN969186.

Talaromyces amestolkiae Yilmaz et al., Persoonia 29: 48. 2012. [MB 801358]. — Typus: CBS H-21050. Ex-type: CBS 132696 = DTO 179-F5. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX315660; BenA = JX315623; CaM = KF741937; RPB2 = JX315698.

Talaromyces amyrossmaniae Rajeshkumar et al., MycoKeys 45: 47. 2019. [MB 518601]. — Typus: AMH 9330. Ex-type: NFCCI 1919 = KAS 3038. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH909062; BenA = MH909064; CaM = MH909068; RPB2 = MH909066.

Talaromyces angelicae [as ‘angelicus’] S.H. Yu et al., J. Microbiol. 51: 707. 2013. [MB 818651]. — Typus: KACC 46611. Ex-type: KACC 46611. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF183638; BenA = KF183640; CaM = KJ885259; RPB2 = KX961275.

Talaromyces annesophieae Houbraken, Persoonia 39: 461. 2017. [MB 823027]. — Typus: CBS H-23216. Ex-type: CBS 142939 = DTO 377-F3 = JW9011. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF574592; BenA = MF590098; CaM = MF590104; RPB2 = MN969199.

Talaromyces apiculatus Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 174. 2011. [MB 560641]. — Typus: CBS H-20755. Ex-type: CBS 312.59 = ATCC 18315 = FRR 635 = IMI 068239. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899375; BenA = KF741916; CaM = KF741950; RPB2 = KM023287.

Talaromyces apricus Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 34: 7. 2024. [MB 902032]. — Typus: MST-FP2583. Ex-type: MST-FP2583. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP665730; BenA = PP682582; CaM = PP682553; RPB2 = PP682569.

Talaromyces argentinensis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Fungal Biol. 123: 751. 2019. [MB 827826]. — Typus: BPI 910716. Ex-type: NRRL 28750. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH793045; BenA = MH792917; CaM = MH792981; RPB2 = MH793108.

Talaromyces aspriconidius B.D. Sun et al., MycoKeys 68: 90. 2020. [MB 833134]. — Typus: CBS H-22833. Ex-type: CBS 141835 = DTO 340-F8. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN864274; BenA = MN863343; CaM = MN863320; RPB2 = MN863332.

Talaromyces assiutensis Samson & Abdel-Fattah, Persoonia 9: 501. 1978. [MB 324414]. — Typus: CBS 147.78. Ex-type: CBS 147.78. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899323; BenA = KJ865720; CaM = KJ885260; RPB2 = KM023305.

Talaromyces astoniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 32: 12. 2024. [MB 901778]. — Typus: MST-FP2622. Ex-type: MST-FP2622. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP416844; BenA = PP438387; CaM = PP438371; RPB2 = PP438380.

Talaromyces atkinsoniae Y.P. Tan et al., Persoonia 49: 323. 2022. [MB 845020]. — Typus: BRIP 72528a. Ex-type: BRIP 72528a. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP059084; BenA = OP087524; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OP087523.

Talaromyces atricola S.W. Peterson & Jurjević, PLoS ONE 8 (e78084): 8. 2013. [MB 804733]. — Typus: Thom 4640.439. Ex-type: CBS 255.31 = NRRL 1052 = FRR 1052 = Thom 4640.439 = ATCC 52257. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF984859; BenA = KF984566; CaM = KF984719; RPB2 = KF984948.

Talaromyces atroroseus Yilmaz et al., PLoS ONE 8 (e84102): 8. 2013. [MB 804901]. — Typus: CBS H-21790. Ex-type: CBS 133442 = IBT 32470 = DTO 178-A4. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF114747; BenA = KF114789; CaM = KJ775418; RPB2 = KM023288. Genome: GCA_051125915.

Talaromyces aurantiacus (J.H. Mill., Giddens & A.A. Foster) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 175. 2011. [MB 560642]. — Typus: No. 1736 (A.A. Foster). Ex-type: CBS 314.59 = ATCC 13216 = IMI 099722 = NRRL 3398. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899380; BenA = KF741917; CaM = KF741951; RPB2 = KX961285.

Talaromyces aureolinus L. Wang, Mycologia 113: 495. 2021. [MB 831405]. — Typus: HMAS 248136. Ex-type: AS 3.15865. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK837953; BenA = MK837937; CaM = MK837945; RPB2 = MK837961.

Talaromyces australis Visagie et al., Mycoscience 56: 492. 2015. [MB 808236]. — Typus: CBS H-21598. Ex-type: CBS 137102 = DTO 273-F5 = IBT 14256 = FRR 2005. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF741991; BenA = KF741922; CaM = KF741971; RPB2 = KX961284.

Talaromyces austrocalifornicus Yaguchi & Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 34: 245. 1993. [MB 361182]. — Typus: CBM PF-1117. Ex-type: CBS 644.95 = IBT 17522. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899357; BenA = KJ865732; CaM = KJ885261; RPB2 = MN969147.

Talaromyces bacillisporus [as ‘bacillosporus’] (Swift) C.R. Benj., Mycologia 47: 682. 1955. [MB 306713]. — Typus: CBS H-7813 (isotype). Ex-type: CBS 296.48 = ATCC 10126 = IMI 040045 = NRRL 1025. Infragen. class.: sect. Bacillispori. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM066182; BenA = AY753368; CaM = KJ885262; RPB2 = JF417425.

Talaromyces bannicus L. Wang, Mycologia 113: 498. 2021. [MB 831406]. — Typus: HMAS 248133. Ex-type: AS 3.15862. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK837955; BenA = MK837939; CaM = MK837947; RPB2 = MK837963.

Talaromyces basipetosporus Stchigel et al., IMA Fungus 10 (no 20): 17. 2019. [MB 823589]. — Typus: CBS H-23365. Ex-type: FMR 9720 = CBS 143836. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT906542; BenA = LT906563; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = LT906545.

Talaromyces beariae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 32: 13. 2024. [MB 901779]. — Typus: MST-FP2623. Ex-type: MST-FP2623. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP416845; BenA = PP438388; CaM = PP438372; RPB2 = PP438381.

Talaromyces beijingensis A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 125. 2016. [MB 817395]. — Typus: CBS H-22508. Ex-type: CBS 140617 = CGMCC 3.18200 = DTO 317-D8. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866649; BenA = KU866837; CaM = KU866733; RPB2 = KU866993.

Talaromyces benedictus D.S. Paiva, Fungal Syst. Evol. 15: 70. 2024. [MB 852929]. — Typus: MUM-H 23.44. Ex-type: MUM 23.44. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP151473; BenA = PP453634; CaM = PP453612; RPB2 = PP453642.

Talaromyces bohemicus (Fassat. & Pěčková) Yilmaz et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 227. 2014. [MB 809554]. — Typus: CCF 2330. Ex-type: CBS 545.86 = CCF 2330 = IAM 14789. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899400; BenA = KJ865719; CaM = KJ885286; RPB2 = JN121532.

Talaromyces boninensis (Yaguchi & Udagawa) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 175. 2011. [MB 560643]. — Typus: CBM PF-1103. Ex-type: CBS 650.95 = IBT 17516. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899356; BenA = KJ865721; CaM = KJ885263; RPB2 = KM023276.

Talaromyces borbonicus Houbraken, Mycologia 110: 318. 2018. [MB 821643]. — Typus: CBS H-22672. Ex-type: CBS 141340 = DTO 351-D3. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG827091; BenA = MG855687; CaM = MG855688; RPB2 = MG855689.

Talaromyces brasiliensis R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1902. 2018. [MB 822214]. — Typus: URM 90494. Ex-type: URM 7618 = CBS 142493. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF278323; BenA = LT855560; CaM = LT855563; RPB2 = MN969198.

Talaromyces brevis B.D. Sun et al., MycoKeys 68: 92. 2020. [MB 833132]. — Typus: CBS H-22833. Ex-type: CBS 141833. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN864269; BenA = MN863338; CaM = MN863315; RPB2 = MN863328.

Talaromyces brunneosporus Rodr.-Andr. et al., IMA Fungus 10 (no 20): 19. 2019. [MB 823590]. — Typus: CBS H-23375. Ex-type: FMR 16566 = CBS 144320. Infragen. class.: sect. Brunneospori. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT962487; BenA = LT962483; CaM = LT962488; RPB2 = LT962485.

Talaromyces brunneus (Udagawa) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 175. 2011. [MB 560644]. — Typus: NHL 6054. Ex-type: CBS 227.60 = ATCC 18229 = FRR 646 = IFO 6438 = IHEM 3907 = IMI 078259 = MUCL 31318. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899365; BenA = KJ865722; CaM = KJ885264; RPB2 = KM023272.

Talaromyces calidicanius (J.L. Chen) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 175. 2011. [MB 560645]. — Typus: CFC-7; TNM F12246 (isotype). Ex-type: CBS 112002. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899319; BenA = HQ156944; CaM = KF741934; RPB2 = KM023311.

Talaromyces calidominioluteus Houbraken & Pyrri, J. Fungi 7 (11, no. 993): 14. 2021. [MB 841229]. — Typus: CBS H-24875. Ex-type: CBS 147313 = DTO 052-G3. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = OK339612; BenA = OK338786; CaM = OK338817; RPB2 = OK338837.

Talaromyces californicus Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Fungal Biol. 123: 752. 2019. [MB 827827]. — Typus: BPI 910714. Ex-type: NRRL 58168. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH793056; BenA = MH792928; CaM = MH792992; RPB2 = MH793119.

Talaromyces catalonicus Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 68. 2020. [MB 822080]. — Typus: CBS H-23212. Ex-type: FMR 16441 = CBS 143039. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT899793; BenA = LT898318; CaM = LT899775; RPB2 = LT899811.

Talaromyces cattleyae Condé et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 15: 193. 2025. [MB 854600]. — Typus: VIC 49477 (holotype). Ex-type: COAD 3659. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP905421; BenA = РP941896; CaM = PP941887; RPB2 = РP941892.

Talaromyces cavernicola V.C.S. Alves et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 10: 157. 2022. [MB 846125]. — Typus: URM 95155. Ex-type: URM 8448 = FCCUFG 11. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON862935; BenA = OP672383; CaM = OP290543; RPB2 = OP290515.

Talaromyces cecidicola (Seifert, Hoekstra & Frisvad) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 175. 2011. [MB 560646]. — Typus: DAOM 233329. Ex-type: CBS 101419 = DAOM233329. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = AY787844; BenA = FJ753295; CaM = KJ885287; RPB2 = KM023309.

Talaromyces cerinus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 125. 2016. [MB 817393]. — Typus: CBS H-22513. Ex-type: CBS 140622 = CGMCC 3.18212 = DTO 318-A2. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866658; BenA = KU866845; CaM = KU866742; RPB2 = KU867002.

Talaromyces chlamydosporus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 136. 2016. [MB 817392]. — Typus: CBS H-22509. Ex-type: CBS 140635 = CGMCC 3.18199 = DTO 317-D5. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = KU866836; CaM = KU866732; RPB2 = KU866992.

Talaromyces chlorolomus [as ‘chloroloma’] Visagie & K. Jacobs, Persoonia 28: 18. 2012. [MB 585178]. — Typus: PREM 60033. Ex-type: DAOMC 241016 = CV 2802. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ160273; BenA = GU385736; CaM = KJ885265; RPB2 = KM023304.

Talaromyces chongqingensis X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Biology 10: 10. 2021. [MB 570851]. — Typus: HMAS 247849. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20482. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MZ358001; BenA = MZ361343; CaM = MZ361350; RPB2 = MZ361357.

Talaromyces cinnabarinus (S.C. Jong & E.E. Davis) Yilmaz et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 234. 2014. [MB 809557]. — Typus: CBS H-6686. Ex-type: CBS 267.72 = ATCC 26215 = NHL 2673. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899376; BenA = AY753377; CaM = KJ885256; RPB2 = JN121477.

Talaromyces clematidis Spetik & Houbraken, Sci. Rep. 13 (1, no. 14903): 5. 2023. [MB 845200]. — Typus: CBS H-25024. Ex-type: CBS 149228 = DTO 473-E3 = MEND-F-0750. Infragen. class.: sect. Bacillispori. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON863768; BenA = ON873763; CaM = ON938196; RPB2 = ON938200.

Talaromyces clemensii Visagie & Yilmaz, Persoonia 43: 407. 2019. [MB 832488]. — Typus: PREM 62301. Ex-type: PPRI 26753 = CMV016A4. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK951940; BenA = MK951833; CaM = MK951906; RPB2 = MN418451.

Talaromyces cnidii S.H. Yu et al., J. Microbiol. 51: 707. 2013. [MB 804809]. — Typus: KACC 46617. Ex-type: KACC 46617. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF183639; BenA = KF183641; CaM = KJ885266; RPB2 = KM023299.

Talaromyces coalescens (Quintan.) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 175. 2011. [MB 560647]. — Typus: CBS 103.83. Ex-type: CBS 103.83. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899366; BenA = JX091390; CaM = KJ885267; RPB2 = KM023277.

Talaromyces columbiensis Yilmaz et al., Mycol. Prog. 15: 1053. 2016. [MB 816231]. — Typus: HUA 197225. Ex-type: CBS 113151 = IBT 23206 = DTO 058-F3. Infragen. class.: sect. Bacillispori. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX011503; BenA = KX011488; CaM = KX011499; RPB2 = MN969187.

Talaromyces columbinus S.W. Peterson & Jurjević, PLoS ONE 8 (e78084): 6. 2013. [MB 804732]. — Typus: BPI 892668. Ex-type: NRRL 58811. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ865739; BenA = KF196843; CaM = KJ885288; RPB2 = KM023270.

Talaromyces convolutus Udawaga, Mycotaxon 48: 141. 1993. [MB 360474]. — Typus: CBM SUM-3018. Ex-type: CBS 100537 = IBT 14989. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899330; BenA = KF114773; CaM = MN969316; RPB2 = JN121414.

Talaromyces crassus Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 49. 2016. [MB 810900]. — Typus: CBS H-21631. Ex-type: CBS 137381 = DTO 181-C5 = DAOM 241027 = IBT 32814. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX091472; BenA = JX091608; CaM = JX140727; RPB2 = KF984914.

Talaromyces cystophilus [as ‘cystophila’] Y.X. Mo & H.Y. Wu, Phytopathology 114: 621. 2024. [MB 845590]. — Typus: HMAS 352273. Ex-type: CGMCC 40002. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = OM835900; BenA = ON164851; CaM = ON164853; RPB2 = ON164852.

Talaromyces delawarensis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 109: 541. 2017. [MB 817998]. — Typus: BPI-910148. Ex-type: NRRL 58874. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX657324; BenA = KX657055; CaM = KX657158; RPB2 = KX657490.

Talaromyces dendriticus (Pitt) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 175. 2011. [MB 560648]. — Typus: IMI 216897. Ex-type: CBS 660.80 = IMI 216897. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899339; BenA = JX091391; CaM = KF741965; RPB2 = KM023286.

Talaromyces derxii Takada & Udagawa, Mycotaxon 31: 418. 1988. [MB 133755]. — Typus: NHL 2980. Ex-type: CBS 412.89 = NHL 2981. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899327; BenA = JX494306; CaM = KF741959; RPB2 = KM023282.

Talaromyces dimorphus X.-Z. Jiang & L. Wang, Mycologia 8 (no. 4932): 2. 2018. [MB 570521]. — Typus: HMAS 247023. Ex-type: AS 3.15692 = NN 072337. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY007095; BenA = KY007111; CaM = KY007103; RPB2 = KY112593.

Talaromyces disparis Y. Ruan & L. Wang, PeerJ 12 (e18253): 8. 2024. [MB 853638]. — Typus: HMAS 352912. Ex-type: AS 3.26221. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP544888; BenA = PP566271; CaM = PP566276; RPB2 = PP555175.

Talaromyces diversiformis A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 136. 2016. [MB 818696]. — Typus: CBS H-22841. Ex-type: CBS 141931 = CGMCC 3.18204 = DTO 317-E3. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX961215; BenA = KX961216; CaM = KX961259; RPB2 = KX961274.

Talaromyces diversus (Raper & Fennell) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 175. 2011. [MB 560649]. — Typus: IMI 040579. Ex-type: CBS 320.48 = ATCC 10437 = DSM 2212 = IMI 040579 = IMI 040579ii = NRRL 2121. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ865740; BenA = KJ865723; CaM = KJ885268; RPB2 = KM023285.

Talaromyces domesticus Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Fungal Biol. 123: 754. 2019. [MB 827828]. — Typus: BPI 910711. Ex-type: NRRL 58121. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH793055; BenA = MH792927; CaM = MH792991; RPB2 = MH793118.

Talaromyces duclauxii (Delacr.) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 175. 2011. [MB 560650]. — Typus: IMI 24312. Ex-type: CBS 322.48 = CCF 2204 = ATCC 10439 = IMI 040044 = MUCL 28672 = MUCL 29094 = MUCL 29212 = NRRL 1030. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899342; BenA = JX091384; CaM = KF741955; RPB2 = JN121491.

Talaromyces echinulatus Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, Mycobiology 51: 321. 2023. [MB 900636]. — Typus: CNUFC HT2197. Ex-type: CNUFC HB1206. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR462362; BenA = OR507571; CaM = OR608367; RPB2 = OR591610.

Talaromyces ellipsoideus Meng Li & L. Cai, Microbiome 11 (no. 272, Add. file 1): 26. 2023. [MB 571503]. — Typus: HMAS 352444. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.22439 = LC15919. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ798985; BenA = OQ808981; CaM = OQ808994; RPB2 = OQ809036.

Talaromyces emodensis Udagawa, Mycotaxon 48: 146. 1993. [MB 360476]. — Typus: CBM SUM-3025. Ex-type: CBS 100536 = IBT 14990. Infragen. class.: sect. Bacillispori. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899337; BenA = KJ865724; CaM = KJ885269; RPB2 = JF417445.

Talaromyces endophyticus L. Su & Y.C. Niu, Mycologia 110: 380. 2018. [MB 817808]. — Typus: HMAS 254730. Ex-type: ACCC 39141. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX639168; BenA = KX639174; CaM = KX639165; RPB2 = n.a.

Talaromyces erythromellis (A.D. Hocking) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 175. 2011. [MB 560652]. — Typus: IMI 216899. Ex-type: CBS 644.80 = FRR 1868 = IMI 216899. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899383; BenA = HQ156945; CaM = KJ885270; RPB2 = KM023290.

Talaromyces euchlorocarpius Yaguchi et al., Mycoscience 40: 133. 1999. [MB 460481]. — Typus: CBM PF-1203. Ex-type: PF 1203 = DTO 176-I3 = DTO 176-I4. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB176617; BenA = KJ865733; CaM = KJ885271; RPB2 = KM023303.

Talaromyces exleyae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 34: 8. 2024. [MB 902033]. — Typus: MST-FP2568. Ex-type: MST-FP2568. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP665731; BenA = PP682583; CaM = PP682555; RPB2 = PP682570.

Talaromyces flavovirens (Durieu & Mont.) Visagie et al., Mycotaxon 122: 404. 2012. [MB 800438]. — Typus: PC 0088796 (lectotype); BCC 473 = BCN 473 (epitype). Ex-type: CBS 102801 = IBT 27044. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899392; BenA = JX091376; CaM = KF741933; RPB2 = KX961283.

Talaromyces flavus (Klöcker) Stolk & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 2: 10. 1972. [MB 324416]. — Typus: CBS H-7820. Ex-type: CBS 310.38 = IMI 197477 = NRRL 2098. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899360; BenA = JX494302; CaM = KF741949; RPB2 = JF417426.

Talaromyces francoae Yilmaz et al., Mycol. Prog. 15: 1054. 2016. [MB 816232]. — Typus: HUA 197224. Ex-type: CBS 113134 = IBT 23221 = DTO 056-D9. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX011510; BenA = KX011489; CaM = KX011501; RPB2 = MN969188.

Talaromyces freemaniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 34: 2. 2024. [MB 902034]. — Typus: MST-FP2577. Ex-type: MST-FP2577. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP665726; BenA = PP682578; CaM = PP682549; RPB2 = PP682565.

Talaromyces funiculosus (Thom) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560653]. — Typus: IMI 193019. Ex-type: CBS 272.86 = IMI 193019. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899377; BenA = MN969408; CaM = KF741945; RPB2 = KM023293.

Talaromyces funiformis Y. Ruan & L. Wang, PeerJ 12 (e18253): 12. 2024. [MB 853639]. — Typus: HMAS 352911. Ex-type: AS 3.26220. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP544886; BenA = PP566269; CaM = PP566274; RPB2 = PP555173.

Talaromyces fuscoviridis Visagie et al., Mycoscience 56: 492. 2015. [MB 808234]. — Typus: CBS H-21603. Ex-type: CBS 193.69 = IBT 14846 = IBT 32646. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF741979; BenA = KF741912; CaM = KF741942; RPB2 = MN969156.

Talaromyces fusiformis A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 139. 2016. [MB 817396]. — Typus: CBS H-22510. Ex-type: CBS 140637 = CGMCC 3.18210 = DTO 317-F4. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866656; BenA = KU866843; CaM = KU866740; RPB2 = KU867000.

Talaromyces gaditanus (C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez) Houbraken & Soccio, J. Fungi 7 (11, no. 993): 17. 2021. [MB 841226]. — Typus: IJFM 5146. Ex-type: CBS 169.81 = CCF 2121 = DTO 228-B8 = ATCC 42230 = IMI 253792 = VKM F-2188 = IJFM 5146. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH861318; BenA = OK338775; CaM = OK338802; RPB2 = OK338827.

Talaromyces galapagensis Samson & Mahoney, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 69: 158. 1977. [MB 324417]. — Typus: CBS H-7489. Ex-type: CBS 751.74 = IFO 31796. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899358; BenA = JX091388; CaM = KF741966; RPB2 = KX961280.

Talaromyces gautengensis Visagie & Yilmaz, Persoonia 53: 54. 2024. [MB 851113]. — Typus: PREM 62263. Ex-type: PPRI 25904 = CMV 006G5. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450750; BenA = MK451099; CaM = MK451693; RPB2 = MK450887.

Talaromyces georgiensis Guevara-Suarez et al., Mycoses 60: 656. 2017. [MB 820460]. — Typus: CBS H-23000. Ex-type: CBS 142380 = UTHSC DI16-145 = FMR 14270 = DTO 410-E8. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT558967; BenA = LT559084; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = LT795606.

Talaromyces germanicus Houbraken & Pyrri, J. Fungi 7 (11, no. 993): 19. 2021. [MB 841227]. — Typus: CBS H-24876. Ex-type: CBS 147314 = DTO 055-D1. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = OK339619; BenA = OK338799; CaM = OK338812; RPB2 = OK338845.

Talaromyces ginkgonis W.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 8 (7, no. 647): 7. 2022. [MB 570954]. — Typus: HMAS 247853. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20698. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL638158; BenA = OL689844; CaM = OL689846; RPB2 = OL689848.

Talaromyces guatemalensis A. Nováková et al., Persoonia 43: 409. 2019. [MB 832313]. — Typus: PRM 952195. Ex-type: CCF 6215. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN322789; BenA = MN329687; CaM = MN329688; RPB2 = MN329689.

Talaromyces guiyangensis Zhi Y. Zhang et al., MycoKeys 98: 182. 2023. [MB 844155]. — Typus: HMAS 351869. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20782 = GZUIFR 21.890. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL897027; BenA = ON569046; CaM = ON568886; RPB2 = ON568965.

Talaromyces guizhouensis B.D. Sun et al., MycoKeys 68: 94. 2020. [MB 833131]. — Typus: CBS H-22835. Ex-type: CBS 141837= DTO 340-G8. Infragen. class.: sect. Subinflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN864277; BenA = MN863346; CaM = MN863323; RPB2 = MN863335.

Talaromyces gwangjuensis Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, J. Fungi 7 (9, no. 722): 8. 2021. [MB 554801]. — Typus: CNUFC HT19191. Ex-type: CNUFC WT19-1. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK766233; BenA = MZ318448; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = MK912174.

Talaromyces hachijoensis Yaguchi et al., Mycoscience 37: 157. 1996. [MB 416016]. — Typus: CBM PF-1174. Ex-type: PF 1174 = IFM 53624. Infragen. class.: sect. Bacillispori. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB176620; BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Talaromyces hainanensis K. Hong & L. Liu, J. Agric. Food Chem. 72: 17435. 2024. [MB 844216]. — Typus: HMAS 352484. Ex-type: CCTCC-AF 2023041 = WHUF0341. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON564542; BenA = ON908368; CaM = ON908369; RPB2 = ON569094.

Talaromyces haitouensis L. Wang, J. Fungi 8 (1, no. 36): 3. 2021. [MB 570868]. — Typus: HMAS 350335. Ex-type: AS 3.16101 = HR1-7. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MZ045695; BenA = MZ054634; CaM = MZ054637; RPB2 = MZ054631.

Talaromyces hallidayae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 34: 4. 2024. [MB 902035]. — Typus: MST-FP2569. Ex-type: MST-FP2569. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP665728; BenA = PP682580; CaM = PP682551; RPB2 = PP682567.

Talaromyces halophytorum Y.H. You & S.B. Hong, Mycobiology 48: 136. 2020. [MB 830295]. — Typus: KACC 48127. Ex-type: KACC 48127 = NIBRFGC 000501933 = WLT07. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH725786; BenA = MH729367; CaM = MK111426; RPB2 = MK111427.

Talaromyces heiheensis X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Mycol. Prog. 16: 75. 2017. [MB 570286]. — Typus: HMAS 248789. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18012. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX447526; BenA = KX447525; CaM = KX447532; RPB2 = KX447529.

Talaromyces helicus (Raper & Fennell) C.R. Benj., Mycologia 47: 684. 1955. [MB 547043]. — Typus: IMI 040593. Ex-type: CBS 335.48 = ATCC 10451 = DSM 3705 = IMI 040593 = NRRL 2106. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899359; BenA = KJ865725; CaM = KJ885289; RPB2 = KM023273.

Talaromyces herodensis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 109: 546. 2017. [MB 818001]. — Typus: BPI-910152. Ex-type: NRRL 62467. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX657338; BenA = KX657061; CaM = KX657182; RPB2 = KX657524.

Talaromyces indigoticus Takada & Udagawa, Mycotaxon 46: 129. 1993. [MB 359290]. — Typus: CBM SUM-3010. Ex-type: CBS 100534 = IBT 17590. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899331; BenA = JX494308; CaM = KF741931; RPB2 = KX961278.

Talaromyces infraolivaceus Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 52. 2016. [MB 810901]. — Typus: CBS H-21633. Ex-type: CBS 137385 = DTO 182-I2 = DAOM 241024 = IBT 32487. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX091481; BenA = JX091615; CaM = JX140734; RPB2 = KF984949.

Talaromyces intermedius (Apinis) Stolk & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 2: 21. 1972. [MB 324418]. — Typus: CBS H-7828. Ex-type: CBS 152.65 = BDUN 267 = IFO 31752 = IMI 100874. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899332; BenA = JX091387; CaM = KJ885290; RPB2 = KX961282.

Talaromyces iowaensis [as ‘iowaense’] Jurjević et al., Persoonia 41: 407. 2018. [MB 849323]. — Typus: BPI 910643. Ex-type: NRRL 66822 = CCF 6038 = ITEM 17527 = EMSL 2233. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH281565; BenA = MH282578; CaM = MH282579; RPB2 = MH282577.

Talaromyces islandicus (Sopp) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560654]. — Typus: IMI 040042. Ex-type: CBS 338.48 = CCF 2207 = ATCC 10127 = IMI 040042 = MUCL 31324 = NRRL 1036. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF984885; BenA = KF984655; CaM = KF984780; RPB2 = KF985018.

Talaromyces jianfengicus Y. Ruan & L. Wang, PeerJ 12 (e18253): 13. 2024. [MB 853553]. — Typus: HMAS 352913. Ex-type: AS 3.26253. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP544889; BenA = PP566272; CaM = PP566277; RPB2 = PP555176.

Talaromyces jiangxiensis Zhi Y. Zhang et al., MycoKeys 98: 183. 2023. [MB 844156]. — Typus: HMAS 351870. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20783 = GZUIFR 21.892. Infragen. class.: sect. Subinflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL897029; BenA = ON569044; CaM = ON568888; RPB2 = ON568963.

Talaromyces johnpittii E. Lacey et al., J. Antibiot. 77: 150. 2023. [MB 846251]. — Typus: MST-FP2594. Ex-type: MST-FP2594 = BRIP 75204a. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP712677; BenA = OP712647; CaM = OP712645; RPB2 = OP712646.

Talaromyces juglandicola Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 109: 551. 2017. [MB 818006]. — Typus: BPI-910144. Ex-type: NRRL 32382. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX657330; BenA = KX657122; CaM = KX657184; RPB2 = KX657573.

Talaromyces kabodanensis Houbraken et al., Persoonia 37: 253. 2016. [MB 819001]. — Typus: CBS H-22857. Ex-type: CBS 139564 = DTO 204-F2 = CCTU 850. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP851981; BenA = KP851986; CaM = KP851995; RPB2 = MN969190.

Talaromyces kendrickii Visagie et al., Mycoscience 56: 493. 2015. [MB 808235]. — Typus: CBS H-21599. Ex-type: CBS 136666 = DTO 273-F4 = IBT 13593. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF741987; BenA = KF741921; CaM = KF741967; RPB2 = MN969158.

Talaromyces kilbournensis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 109: 545. 2017. [MB 818000]. — Typus: BPI-910153. Ex-type: NRRL 62700. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX657344; BenA = KX657068; CaM = KX657183; RPB2 = KX657545.

Talaromyces koreanus [as ‘koreana’] Hyang B. Lee, J. Fungi 7 (9, no. 722): 9. 2021. [MB 648574]. — Typus: CNUFC HT19213. Ex-type: CNUFC YJW2-13. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MZ315100; BenA = MZ318450; CaM = MZ332529; RPB2 = MZ332533.

Talaromyces lentulus X.-Z. Jiang & L. Wang, Sci. Rep. 8 (no. 4932): 3. 2018. [MB 570522]. — Typus: HMAS 247024. Ex-type: AS 3.15689 = NN 071323. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY007088; BenA = KY007104; CaM = KY007096; RPB2 = KY112586.

Talaromyces liani (Kamyschko) Yilmaz et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 266. 2014. [MB 809555]. — Typus: Kamyschko culturam 1116/14 in Museo Instituti antibioticorum Leningradensi conservatam praebet. Ex-type: CBS 225.66 = ATCC 18325 = ATCC 18331 = IMI 098480 = NRRL 3380 = VKM F-301. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899395; BenA = JX091380; CaM = KJ885257; RPB2 = KX961277.

Talaromyces linderae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 34: 9. 2024. [MB 902036]. — Typus: MST-FP2582. Ex-type: MST-FP2582. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP665732; BenA = PP682585; CaM = PP682557; RPB2 = PP682572.

Talaromyces loliensis (Pitt) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560655]. — Typus: IMI 216901. Ex-type: CBS 643.80 = ATCC 52252 = FRR 1798 = IMI 216901 = MUCL 31325. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF984888; BenA = KF984658; CaM = KF984783; RPB2 = KF985021.

Talaromyces longistipes Zhi Y. Zhang & Y. F. Han, Mycosphere 15: 687. 2024. [MB 850375]. — Typus: ZY H-22.039. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25509 = ZY 22.039. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR680518; BenA = OR843223; CaM = OR828454; RPB2 = OR842935.

Talaromyces louisianensis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Fungal Biol. 123: 755. 2019. [MB 827829]. — Typus: BPI 910715. Ex-type: NRRL 35823. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH793052; BenA = MH792924; CaM = MH792988; RPB2 = MH793115.

Talaromyces macrosporus (Stolk & Samson) Frisvad et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 57: 186. 1990. [MB 126704]. — Typus: CBS H-7822. Ex-type: CBS 317.63 = FRR 404 = IMI 197478. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899333; BenA = JX091382; CaM = KF741952; RPB2 = KM023292.

Talaromyces mae X.-Z. Jiang & L. Wang, Sci. Rep. 8 (no. 4932): 4. 2018. [MB 570523]. — Typus: HMAS 247025. Ex-type: AS 3.15690 = NN 071328. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY007090; BenA = KY007106; CaM = KY007098; RPB2 = KY112588.

Talaromyces malicola Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Fungal Biol. 123: 756. 2019. [MB 827830]. — Typus: BPI 910712. Ex-type: NRRL 3724. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH909513; BenA = MH909406; CaM = MH909459; RPB2 = MH909567.

Talaromyces maltbyae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 34: 1. 2024. [MB 902037]. — Typus: MST-FP2571. Ex-type: MST-FP2571. Infragen. class.: sect. Bacillispori. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP665725; BenA = PP682577; CaM = PP682548; RPB2 = PP682564.

Talaromyces mangshanicus X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Mycol. Prog. 16: 77. 2017. [MB 570288]. — Typus: HMAS 248733. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18013. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX447531; BenA = KX447530; CaM = KX447528; RPB2 = KX447527.

Talaromyces marneffei (Segretain, Capponi & Sureau) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560656]. — Typus: IMI 68794iii. Ex-type: CBS 388.87 = CCF 2348 = ATCC 18224 = CBS 334.59 = IMI 068794ii = IMI 068794iii. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899344; BenA = JX091389; CaM = KF741958; RPB2 = KM023283. Genome: GCA_046127475.

Talaromyces mellisjaponici A. Okubo & D. Hirose, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 74 (1, no. 006212): 7. 2024. [MB 849526]. — Typus: NBRC 116048. Ex-type: NBRC 116048. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = LC763421; BenA = LC763430; CaM = LC763439; RPB2 = LC763448.

Talaromyces mimosinus A.D. Hocking, Gen. Penicillium: 507. 1980. [MB 116382]. — Typus: IMI 223991. Ex-type: CBS 659.80 = FRR 1875 = IMI 223991. Infragen. class.: sect. Bacillispori. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899338; BenA = KJ865726; CaM = KJ885272; RPB2 = MN969149.

Talaromyces minioluteus (Dierckx) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560657]. — Typus: CBS 642.68. Ex-type: CBS 642.68 = IMI 089377 = MUCL 28666 = DTO 304-C4. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899346; BenA = MN969409; CaM = KJ885273; RPB2 = JF417443.

Talaromyces minnesotensis Guevara-Suarez et al., Mycoses 60: 657. 2017. [MB 820463]. — Typus: CBS H-23001. Ex-type: CBS 142381 = UTHSC DI16-144 = FMR 14265. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT558966; BenA = LT559083; CaM = LT795604; RPB2 = LT795605.

Talaromyces minnsiorum Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 24: 12. 2023. [MB 901445]. — Typus: MST-F22313. Ex-type: MST-F22313. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR731313; BenA = OR737778; CaM = OR737767; RPB2 = OR737772.

Talaromyces muroii Yaguchi et al., Mycoscience 35: 252. 1994. [MB 362930]. — Typus: CBM PF-1153. Ex-type: CBS 756.96 = PF 1153. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450747; BenA = KJ865727; CaM = KJ885274; RPB2 = KX961276.

Talaromyces musae Houbraken et al., Persoonia 39: 341. 2017. [MB 821051]. — Typus: CBS H-23138. Ex-type: CBS 142504 = DTO 366-C5. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF072316; BenA = MF093729; CaM = MF093728; RPB2 = MF093727.

Talaromyces mycothecae R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1902. 2018. [MB 822215]. — Typus: URM 90495. Ex-type: URM 7622 = CBS 142494. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF278326; BenA = LT855561; CaM = LT855564; RPB2 = LT855567.

Talaromyces mzansiensis Visagie et al., Persoonia 53: 57. 2024. [MB 851115]. — Typus: PREM 62230. Ex-type: PPRI 3887 = CMW 59589 = CN 153I9 = CMV 011A6. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450748; BenA = MK451184; CaM = MK451691; RPB2 = MK450885.

Talaromyces nanjingensis X.R. Sun et al., J. Fungi 8 (2, no. 155): 18. 2022. [MB 837590]. — Typus: CCTCC M 2012167. Ex-type: CCTCC-M 2012167. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW130720; BenA = MW147759; CaM = MW147760; RPB2 = MW147762.

Talaromyces neofusisporus L. Wang, Sci. Rep. 6 (18622): 2. 2016. [MB 811447]. — Typus: HMAS 246033. Ex-type: AS 3.15415 = CBS 139516 = DTO 410-D2. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP765385; BenA = KP765381; CaM = KP765383; RPB2 = MN969165.

Talaromyces neorugulosus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 139. 2016. [MB 817394]. — Typus: CBS H-22511. Ex-type: CBS 140623 = CGMCC 3.18215 = DTO 318-A8. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866659; BenA = KU866846; CaM = KU866743; RPB2 = KU867003.

Talaromyces novojersensis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 109: 544. 2017. [MB 817999]. — Typus: BPI-910146. Ex-type: NRRL 35858. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX657319; BenA = KX657050; CaM = KX657151; RPB2 = KX657503.

Talaromyces oumae-annae Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 130. 2014. [MB 809187]. — Typus: CBS H-21797. Ex-type: CBS 138208 = DTO 269-E8. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775720; BenA = KJ775213; CaM = KJ775425; RPB2 = KX961281.

Talaromyces paecilomycetoides Zhi Y. Zhang et al., MycoKeys 98: 184. 2023. [MB 844157]. — Typus: HMAS 351871. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20785 = GZUIFR 21.894. Infragen. class.: sect. Subinflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL897033; BenA = ON569040; CaM = ON568890; RPB2 = ON568959.

Talaromyces palmae (Samson, Stolk & Frisvad) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560658]. — Typus: CBS 442.88. Ex-type: CBS 442.88 = IMI 343640. Infragen. class.: sect. Subinflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899396; BenA = HQ156947; CaM = KJ885291; RPB2 = KM023300.

Talaromyces panamensis (Samson, Stolk & Frisvad) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560659]. — Typus: CBS 128.89. Ex-type: CBS 128.89 = IMI 297546. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899362; BenA = HQ156948; CaM = KF741936; RPB2 = KM023284.

Talaromyces parapalmae Zhi Y. Zhang & Y.F. Han, Mycosphere 15: 688. 2024. [MB 850376]. — Typus: ZY H-22.041. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25510 = ZY 22.041. Infragen. class.: sect. Subinflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR680520; BenA = OR843225; CaM = OR828456; RPB2 = OR842937.

Talaromyces paucisporus (Yaguchi, Someya & Udagawa) Samson & Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560684]. — Typus: CBM PF-1150. Ex-type: PF 1150 = IFM 53616. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB176603; BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Talaromyces penicillioides L. Wang, Mycologia 113: 501. 2021. [MB 831407]. — Typus: HMAS 248132. Ex-type: AS 3.15822. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK837956; BenA = MK837940; CaM = MK837948; RPB2 = MK837964.

Talaromyces pernambucoensis R. Cruz et al., Persoonia 42: 467. 2019. [MB 830189]. — Typus: URM 93054. Ex-type: URM 6894. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = LR535947; BenA = LR535945; CaM = LR535946; RPB2 = LR535948.

Talaromyces perryae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 34: 5. 2024. [MB 902038]. — Typus: MST-FP2580. Ex-type: MST-FP2580. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP665729; BenA = PP682581; CaM = PP682552; RPB2 = PP682568.

Talaromyces phialiformis Meng Li & L. Cai, Microbiome 11 (no. 272, Add. file 1): 28. 2023. [MB 571504]. — Typus: HMAS 352442. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.22415 = LC15912. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ798986; BenA = OQ808982; CaM = OQ808995; RPB2 = n.a.

Talaromyces phuphaphetensis Nuankaew et al., J. Fungi 8 (8, no. 825): 7. 2022. [MB 844613]. — Typus: BBH 49306. Ex-type: TBRC 16281 = CV00299. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON692803; BenA = ON706960; CaM = ON706962; RPB2 = ON706964.

Talaromyces piceus (Raper & Fennell) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560661]. — Typus: IMI 040038. Ex-type: CBS 361.48 = CCF 2195 = ATCC 10519 = IMI 040038 = NRRL 1051. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF984792; BenA = KF984668; CaM = KF984680; RPB2 = KF984899.

Talaromyces pigmentosus R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1905. 2018. [MB 822216]. — Typus: URM 90496. Ex-type: URM 7624 = CBS 142805. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF278330; BenA = LT855562; CaM = LT855565; RPB2 = LT855568.

Talaromyces pinophilus (Hedgc.) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560662]. — Typus: IMI 114933. Ex-type: CBS 631.66 = NRRL 62415 = ATCC 36839 = CECT 2809 = DSM 1944 = IAM 7013 =IMI 114933. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH793087; BenA = JX091381; CaM = KF741964; RPB2 = KM023291.

Talaromyces pittii (Quintan.) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560663]. — Typus: CBS 139.84. Ex-type: CBS 139.84 = IMI 327871. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899325; BenA = KJ865728; CaM = KJ885275; RPB2 = KM023297.

Talaromyces podocarpi Visagie & Yilmaz, Fungal Syst. Evol. 13: 487. 2024. [MB 854287]. — Typus: PRU(M) 4578. Ex-type: CMW-IA 001480 = CMW 60633 = CBS 152015. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP375126; BenA = PP356399; CaM = PP356461; RPB2 = PP356494.

Talaromyces popeae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 34: 10. 2024. [MB 902039]. — Typus: MST-FP2591. Ex-type: MST-FP2591. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP665734; BenA = PP682587; CaM = PP682559; RPB2 = PP682574.

Talaromyces potiguarorum J.M.S. Lima et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 14: 103. 2024. [MB 851904]. — Typus: URM 95549. Ex-type: URM 8664. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP034175; BenA = PP150745; CaM = PP150753; RPB2 = PP187794.

Talaromyces pratensis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Fungal Biol. 123: 756. 2019. [MB 827831]. — Typus: BPI 910710. Ex-type: NRRL 62170. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH793075; BenA = MH792948; CaM = MH793012; RPB2 = MH793139.

Talaromyces primulinus (Pitt) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560664]. — Typus: IMI 040031. Ex-type: CBS 321.48 = CCF 2230 = ATCC 10438 = CBS 439.88 = FRR 1074 = IMI 040031 = MUCL 31321 = MUCL 31330 = NRRL 1074. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899317; BenA = JX494305; CaM = KF741954; RPB2 = KM023294.

Talaromyces proteolyticus (Kamyschko) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560665]. — Typus: CBS 303.67. Ex-type: CBS 303.67 = ATCC 18326 = NRRL 3378. Infragen. class.: sect. Bacillispori. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899387; BenA = KJ865729; CaM = KJ885276; RPB2 = KM023301.

Talaromyces pseudostromaticus (Hodges, G.M. Warner & Rogerson) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 176. 2011. [MB 560666]. — Typus: Warner 18 (NY). Ex-type: CBS 470.70 = CCF 2187 = ATCC 18919 = FRR 2039. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899371; BenA = HQ156950; CaM = KJ885277; RPB2 = KM023298.

Talaromyces ptychoconidius [as ‘ptychoconidium’] Visagie & K. Jacobs, Persoonia 28: 18. 2012. [MB 626028]. — Typus: PREM 60041. Ex-type: DAOMC 241017 = CV 2808 = DTO 180-E7. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ160266; BenA = GU385733; CaM = JX140701; RPB2 = KM023278.

Talaromyces pulveris Crous, Persoonia 45: 293. 2020. [MB 837837]. — Typus: CBS H-24417. Ex-type: CBS 146831 = CPC 38523 = MUCL pd8781 = DTO 432-H1. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW175345; BenA = MW173136; CaM = MW173099; RPB2 = MW173115.

Talaromyces purgamentorum Yilmaz et al., Mycol. Prog. 15: 1054. 2016. [MB 816233]. — Typus: HUA 197222. Ex-type: CBS 113145 = IBT 23220 = DTO 056-E1. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX011504; BenA = KX011487; CaM = KX011500; RPB2 = MN969189.

Talaromyces purpureogenus [as ‘purpurogenus’] (Stoll) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 177. 2011. [MB 585068]. — Typus: IMI 091926. Ex-type: CBS 286.36 = IMI 091926. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899372; BenA = JX315639; CaM = KF741947; RPB2 = JX315709.

Talaromyces purpureus (E. Müll. & Pacha-Aue) Stolk & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 2: 57. 1972. [MB 324420]. — Typus: CBS H-7832 (isotype). Ex-type: CBS 475.71 = ATCC 24069 = ATCC 52513 = FRR 1731 = IMI 181546. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899328; BenA = GU385739; CaM = KJ885292; RPB2 = JN121522.

Talaromyces qii L. Wang, Sci. Rep. 6 (18622): 4. 2016. [MB 811448]. — Typus: HMAS 246032. Ex-type: AS 3.15414 = CBS 139515 = DTO 410-D1. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP765384; BenA = KP765380; CaM = KP765382; RPB2 = MN969164.

Talaromyces rademirici (Quintan.) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 177. 2011. [MB 560668]. — Typus: CBS 140.84. Ex-type: CBS 140.84 = CECT 2771 = IMI 282406 = IMI 327870. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899386; BenA = KJ865734; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = KM023302.

Talaromyces radicus (A.D. Hocking & Whitelaw) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 177. 2011. [MB 560669]. — Typus: DAR 72374. Ex-type: CBS 100489 = CCF 3113 = FRR 4718. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF984878; BenA = KF984599; CaM = KF984773; RPB2 = KF985013.

Talaromyces ramulosus (Visagie & K. Jacobs) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 177. 2011. [MB 560670]. — Typus: PREM 59947. Ex-type: DAOMC 241660 = CV 2837 = DTO 184-B8. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU795706; BenA = FJ753290; CaM = JX140711; RPB2 = KM023281.

Talaromyces rapidus Guevara-Suarez et al., Mycoses 60: 658. 2017. [MB 820464]. — Typus: CBS H-23002. Ex-type: CBS 142382 = UTHSC DI16-148 = FMR 14293. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT558970; BenA = LT559087; CaM = LT795600; RPB2 = LT795601.

Talaromyces resedanus (McLennan & Ducker) A.J. Chen et al., MycoKeys 68: 96. 2020. [MB 811695]. — Typus: IMI 062877. Ex-type: CBS 181.71 = CCF 2089 = DTO 376-A7 = ATCC 22356 = FRR 578 = IMI 062877 = NRRL 578. Infragen. class.: sect. Subinflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN864280; BenA = MN863349; CaM = MN969355; RPB2 = MN969214.

Talaromyces resinae (Z.T. Qi & H.Z. Kong) Houbraken & X.C. Wang, Stud. Mycol. 95: 91. 2020. [MB 833989]. — Typus: HMAS 42799. Ex-type: AS 3.4387 = CBS 324.83 = CCF 2312 = DTO 027-G5. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT079858; BenA = MN969442; CaM = MT066184; RPB2 = MN969221.

Talaromyces reverso-olivaceus A.J. Chen et al., Stud. Mycol. 84: 141. 2016. [MB 817391]. — Typus: CBS H-22512. Ex-type: CBS 140672 = CGMCC 3.18195 = DTO 317-C3. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU866646; BenA = KU866834; CaM = KU866730; RPB2 = KU866990.

Talaromyces ricevillensis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 109: 547. 2017. [MB 818003]. — Typus: BPI-910151. Ex-type: NRRL 62296. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX657343; BenA = KX657056; CaM = KX657249; RPB2 = KX657582.

Talaromyces rogersiae Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 109: 550. 2017. [MB 818005]. — Typus: BPI-910149. Ex-type: NRRL 62223. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX657332; BenA = KX657125; CaM = KF196891; RPB2 = KX657581.

Talaromyces rotundus (Raper & Fennell) C.R. Benj., Mycologia 47: 683. 1955. [MB 306719]. — Typus: IMI 040589. Ex-type: CBS 369.48 = ATCC 10493 = IMI 040589 = NRRL 2107. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899353; BenA = KJ865730; CaM = KJ885278; RPB2 = KM023275.

Talaromyces ruber (Stoll) Yilmaz et al., Persoonia 29: 48. 2012. [MB 801360]. — Typus: CBS H-21052. Ex-type: CBS 132704 = DTO 193-H6 = IBT 10703 = CBS 113137. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX315662; BenA = JX315629; CaM = KF741938; RPB2 = JX315700.

Talaromyces rubicundus (J.H. Mill., Giddens & A.A. Foster) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 177. 2011. [MB 560671]. — Typus: No. 2531 (A.A. Foster). Ex-type: CBS 342.59 = ATCC 13217 = IMI 099723 = NRRL 3400. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899384; BenA = JX494309; CaM = KF741956; RPB2 = KM023296.

Talaromyces rubidus L. Wang, Mycopathologia 188: 798. 2023. [MB 571590]. — Typus: HMAS 352455. Ex-type: AS 3.26142. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ746342; BenA = OQ746323; CaM = OQ746325; RPB2 = OQ746327.

Talaromyces rufus B.D. Sun et al., MycoKeys 68: 99. 2020. [MB 833133]. — Typus: CBS H-22832. Ex-type: CBS 141834 = DTO 349-D7 = CGMCC 3.13203. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN864272; BenA = MN863341; CaM = MN863318; RPB2 = MN863331.

Talaromyces rugulosus (Thom) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 177. 2011. [MB 560672]. — Typus: IMI 040041. Ex-type: CBS 371.48 = CCF 1730 = CCF 2374 = ATCC 10128 = IMI 040041 = MUCL 31201 = NRRL 1045. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF984834; BenA = KF984575; CaM = KF984702; RPB2 = KF984925.

Talaromyces ryukyuensis [as ‘ryukyensis’] (S. Ueda & Udagawa) Arx, Persoonia 13: 282. 1987. [MB 132096]. — Typus: NHL 2917. Ex-type: NHL 2917 = DTO 176-I6. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = AB176628; BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Talaromyces samsonii (Quintan.) Houbraken & Pyrri, J. Fungi 7 (11, no. 993): 25. 2021. [MB 841230]. — Typus: CBS H-24877. Ex-type: CBS 137.84 = DTO 304-C3 = DTO 169-G6 = CECT 2772 = IMI 282404 = IMI 327872. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH861709; BenA = OK338798; CaM = OK338824; RPB2 = OK338844.

Talaromyces satunensis Nuankaew et al., J. Fungi 8 (8, no. 825): 8. 2022. [MB 844614]. — Typus: BBH 49305. Ex-type: TBRC 16246 = CV00055. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON692804; BenA = ON706961; CaM = ON706963; RPB2 = n.a.

Talaromyces saxoxalicus J. Trovão et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 71 (12, no. 5175): 4. 2021. [MB 834608]. — Typus: MUM-H 20.30. Ex-type: MUM 20.30. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT039882; BenA = MT052003; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = MT052004.

Talaromyces sayulitensis Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 132. 2014. [MB 809188]. — Typus: CBS H-21798. Ex-type: CBS 138204 = DTO 245-H1. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775713; BenA = KJ775206; CaM = KJ775422; RPB2 = MN969146.

Talaromyces scorteus (Nakazawa, Takeda & Suematsu) S.W. Peterson & Jurjević, PLoS ONE 8 (e78084): 8. 2013. [MB 804734]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 340.34 = NRRL 1129 = FRR 1129. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF984892; BenA = KF984565; CaM = KF984684; RPB2 = KF984916.

Talaromyces shepherdshillensis Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 32: 13. 2024. [MB 901780]. — Typus: MST-FP3281. Ex-type: MST-FP3281. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP416846; BenA = PP438389; CaM = PP438373; RPB2 = PP438382.

Talaromyces shilinensis X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 8 (7, no. 647): 10. 2022. [MB 570955]. — Typus: HMAS 247854. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20699. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = OL638159; BenA = OL689845; CaM = OL689847; RPB2 = OL689849.

Talaromyces siamensis (Manoch & C. Ramírez) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 177. 2011. [MB 560674]. — Typus: CBS 475.88. Ex-type: CBS 475.88 = IMI 323204. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899385; BenA = JX091379; CaM = KF741960; RPB2 = KM023279.

Talaromyces siglerae S.W. Peterson & Jurjević, Mycologia 109: 540. 2017. [MB 818002]. — Typus: BPI-910143. Ex-type: NRRL 28620. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX657351; BenA = KX657135; CaM = KX657236; RPB2 = KX657497.

Talaromyces soli Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Fungal Biol. 123: 757. 2019. [MB 827832]. — Typus: BPI 910709. Ex-type: NRRL 62165. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH793074; BenA = MH792947; CaM = MH793011; RPB2 = MH793138.

Talaromyces solicola Visagie & K. Jacobs, Persoonia 28: 20. 2012. [MB 564328]. — Typus: PREM 60037. Ex-type: DAOMC 241015 = CV 2800 = DTO 180-D4. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = FJ160264; BenA = GU385731; CaM = KJ885279; RPB2 = KM023295.

Talaromyces sparsus L. Wang, Mycologia 113: 501. 2021. [MB 831409]. — Typus: HMAS 248135. Ex-type: AS 3.16003. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK837958; BenA = MK837942; CaM = MT083925; RPB2 = MK837966.

Talaromyces speluncarum Rodr.-Andr. et al., Microorganisms 8: 10. 2020. [MB 830606]. — Typus: CBS H-23372. Ex-type: CBS 143844 = FMR 16671. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT985890; BenA = LT985901; CaM = LT985906; RPB2 = LT985911.

Talaromyces stellenboschensis [as ‘stellenboschiensis’] Visagie et al., Mycoscience 56: 497. 2015. [MB 834764]. — Typus: CBS H-21601. Ex-type: CBS 135665 = DTO 181-A2 = DAOM 241021 = IBT 32631. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX091471; BenA = JX091605; CaM = JX140683; RPB2 = MN969157.

Talaromyces stipitatus (Thom) C.R. Benj., Mycologia 47: 684. 1955. [MB 306722]. — Typus: CBS H-7835. Ex-type: CBS 375.48 = ATCC 10500 = NRRL 1006 = IMI 39805. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899348; BenA = KM111288; CaM = KF741957; RPB2 = KM023280.

Talaromyces stollii Yilmaz et al., Persoonia 29: 52. 2012. [MB 801359]. — Typus: CBS H-21053. Ex-type: CBS 408.93. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX315674; BenA = JX315633; CaM = JX315646; RPB2 = JX315712.

Talaromyces striatoconidius (R.F. Castañeda & W. Gams) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 91. 2020. [MB 832566]. — Typus: INIFAT C89/170. Ex-type: CBS 550.89 = DTO 418-H4. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431418; BenA = MN969441; CaM = MN969360; RPB2 = MT156346.

Talaromyces subaurantiacus Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 52. 2016. [MB 810902]. — Typus: CBS H-21630. Ex-type: CBS 137383 = DTO 181-I2 = DAOM 241020 = IBT 32383. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX091475; BenA = JX091609; CaM = JX140728; RPB2 = KF984960.

Talaromyces subericola Rodr.-Andr. et al., Microorganisms 8: 12. 2020. [MB 830607]. — Typus: CBS H-23366. Ex-type: CBS 144322 = FMR 15656. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT985888; BenA = LT985899; CaM = LT985904; RPB2 = LT985909.

Talaromyces subinflatus Yaguchi & Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 34: 249. 1993. [MB 361184]. — Typus: CBM PF-1113. Ex-type: CBS 652.95 = IBT 17520 = DTO 105-D5. Infragen. class.: sect. Subinflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899397; BenA = MK450890; CaM = KJ885280; RPB2 = KM023308.

Talaromyces subtropicalis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 109: 548. 2017. [MB 818004]. — Typus: BPI-910147. Ex-type: NRRL 58084. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX657337; BenA = KX657060; CaM = KX657250; RPB2 = KX657531.

Talaromyces systylus S.M. Romero et al., Nova Hedwigia 102: 244. 2016. [MB 812381]. — Typus: BAFC 52367. Ex-type: BAFCcult 3419. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = KP026917; BenA = KR233838; CaM = KR233837; RPB2 = n.a.

Talaromyces tardifaciens Udagawa, Mycotaxon 48: 150. 1993. [MB 360478]. — Typus: CBM SUM 3017. Ex-type: CBS 250.94. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899361; BenA = KF984560; CaM = KF984682; RPB2 = KF984908.

Talaromyces teleomorphus [as ‘teleomorpha’] Hyang B. Lee et al., J. Fungi 7 (9, no. 722): 11. 2021. [MB 648560]. — Typus: CNUFC HT19251. Ex-type: CNUFC YJW2-5. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MZ315102; BenA = MZ318452; CaM = MZ332531; RPB2 = MZ332535.

Talaromyces tenuis B.D. Sun et al., MycoKeys 68: 86. 2020. [MB 833136]. — Typus: CBS H-22838. Ex-type: CBS 141840 = DTO 340-G9. Infragen. class.: sect. Tenues. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN864275; BenA = MN863344; CaM = MN863321; RPB2 = MN863333.

Talaromyces thailandensis Manoch et al., Mycoscience 54: 339. 2013. [MB 801737]. — Typus: CBS H-21075. Ex-type: CBS 133147 = KUFC 3399. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JX898041; BenA = JX494294; CaM = KF741940; RPB2 = KM023307.

Talaromyces tiftonensis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 109: 552. 2017. [MB 818008]. — Typus: BPI-910150. Ex-type: NRRL 62264. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX657353; BenA = KX657129; CaM = KX657163; RPB2 = KX657602.

Talaromyces trachyspermus (Shear) Stolk & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 2: 32. 1972. [MB 324421]. — Typus: IMI 040043. Ex-type: CBS 373.48 = ATCC 10497 = IMI 040043 = NRRL 1028. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH856401; BenA = OK338800; CaM = KJ885281; RPB2 = JF417432.

Talaromyces tratensis Manoch, Dethoup & Yilmaz, Mycoscience 54: 337. 2013. [MB 801738]. — Typus: CBS H-21074. Ex-type: CBS 133146 = KUFC 3383. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF984891; BenA = KF984559; CaM = KF984690; RPB2 = KF984911.

Talaromyces tumuli Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Fungal Biol. 123: 758. 2019. [MB 827833]. — Typus: BPI 910713. Ex-type: NRRL 62151. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH793071; BenA = MH792944; CaM = MH793008; RPB2 = MH793135.

Talaromyces tzapotlensis Jurjević & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 109: 553. 2017. [MB 818009]. — Typus: BPI-910145. Ex-type: NRRL 35203. Infragen. class.: sect. Subinflati. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX946902; BenA = KX946884; CaM = KX946893; RPB2 = KX946922.

Talaromyces ucrainicus (Panas.) Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 7: 94. 1966. [MB 449587]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 162.67 = ATCC 22344 = FRR 3462 = NHL 6086. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899394; BenA = KF114771; CaM = KJ885282; RPB2 = KM023289.

Talaromyces udagawae Stolk & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 2: 36. 1972. [MB 324424]. — Typus: CBS H-7841. Ex-type: CBS 579.72 = FRR 1727 = IMI 197482. Infragen. class.: sect. Trachyspermi. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899350; BenA = OK338783; CaM = KX961260; RPB2 = MN969148.

Talaromyces unicus Tzean et al., Mycologia 84: 739. 1992. [MB 360172]. — Typus: PPH 16 (Nat. Taiwan Univ.). Ex-type: CBS 100535 = CCRC 32703 = IBT 18385. Infragen. class.: sect. Bacillispori. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899336; BenA = KJ865735; CaM = KJ885283; RPB2 = MN969150.

Talaromyces varians (G. Sm.) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 177. 2011. [MB 560677]. — Typus: IMI 040586. Ex-type: CBS 386.48 = CCF 2199 = ATCC 10509 = IMI 040586 = NRRL 2096. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899368; BenA = KJ865731; CaM = KJ885284; RPB2 = KM023274.

Talaromyces veerkampii Visagie et al., Mycoscience 56: 497. 2015. [MB 808233]. — Typus: CBS H-21600. Ex-type: CBS 500.78 = IBT 14845 = IBT 32648 = DTO 258-I8. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF741984; BenA = KF741918; CaM = KF741961; RPB2 = KX961279.

Talaromyces verruculosus (Peyronel) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 177. 2011. [MB 560678]. — Typus: IMI 040039. Ex-type: CBS 388.48 = ATCC 10513= DSM 2263= IMI 040039 = NRRL 1050. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF741994; BenA = KF741928; CaM = KF741944; RPB2 = KM023306.

Talaromyces versatilis Bridge & Buddie, Index Fungorum 26: 1. 2013. [MB 550190]. — Typus: IMI 134755. Ex-type: IMI 134755 = DTO 326-B7. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431395; BenA = MN969412; CaM = MN969319; RPB2 = MN969161.

Talaromyces virens C. Liu et al., J. Fungi 9 (10, no. 960): 19. 2023. [MB 571619]. — Typus: HMAS 247883. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25207. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON563152; BenA = ON231297; CaM = ON470840; RPB2 = ON470841.

Talaromyces viridis [as ‘viride’] (Stolk & G.F. Orr) Arx, Persoonia 13: 2821. 1987. [MB 132097]. — Typus: CBS H-7732 (isotype), CBS H-7733 (isotype), CBS H-7734 (isotype). Ex-type: CBS 114.72 = ATCC 22467 = NRRL 5575. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF285782; BenA = JX494310; CaM = KF741935; RPB2 = JN121430.

Talaromyces viridulus Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 177. 2011. [MB 560679]. — Typus: FRR 1863. Ex-type: CBS 252.87 = CCF 3048 = FRR 1863 = IMI 288716. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899314; BenA = JX091385; CaM = KF741943; RPB2 = JF417422.

Talaromyces watsoniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 34: 11. 2024. [MB 902041]. — Typus: MST-FP2590. Ex-type: MST-FP2590. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP665736; BenA = PP682589; CaM = PP682561; RPB2 = PP682576.

Talaromyces wortmannii (Klöcker) C.R. Benj., Mycologia 47: 683. 1955. [MB 344294]. — Typus: IMI 040047. Ex-type: CBS 391.48 = ATCC 10517 = IMI 040047 = NRRL 1017. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KF984829; BenA = KF984648; CaM = KF984756; RPB2 = KF984977.

Talaromyces wushanicus X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Biology 10 (8, no. 745): 15. 2021. [MB 570852]. — Typus: HMAS 247848. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.20481. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MZ356356; BenA = MZ361347; CaM = MZ361354; RPB2 = MZ361361.

Talaromyces xishaensis X.C. Wang et al., Phytotaxa 267: 193. 2016. [MB 815751]. — Typus: HMAS 248732. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.17995. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KU644580; BenA = KU644581; CaM = KU644582; RPB2 = n.a.

Talaromyces yelensis Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 134. 2014. [MB 809189]. — Typus: CBS H-21799. Ex-type: CBS 138209 = DTO 268-E5. Infragen. class.: sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = KJ775717; BenA = KJ775210; CaM = KP119161; RPB2 = KP119163.

Talaromyces yunnanensis Doilom & C.F. Liao, Front. Microbiol. 11 (no. 585215): 18. 2020. [MB 557863]. — Typus: MFLU 20-0434. Ex-type: KUMCC 18-0208. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT152339; BenA = MT161683; CaM = MT178251; RPB2 = n.a.

Talaromyces zhenhaiensis L. Wang, J. Fungi 8 (1, no. 36): 7. 2021. [MB 570869]. — Typus: HMAS 350336. Ex-type: AS 3.16102 = ZH3-18. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = MZ045697; BenA = MZ054636; CaM = MZ054639; RPB2 = MZ054633.

Thermoascus

Thermoascus aegyptiacus S. Ueda & Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 24: 135. 1983. [MB 108584]. — Typus: NHL 2914. Ex-type: NHL 2914 = DTO 424-H2 = IFM 61569. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT068197; BenA = MN969411; CaM = MN969318; RPB2 = n.a.

Thermoascus aurantiacus Miehe, Die Selbsterhitzung des Heus, Jena: 70. 1907. [MB 122028]. — Typus: UC M206516. Representative strain: NRRL 5861. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU021617; BenA = EU021667; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = EU021657.

Thermoascus crustaceus (Apinis & Chesters) Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 31: 272. 1965. [MB 340045]. — Typus: IMI 102470. Ex-type: IMI 102470 = BDUN 378. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431405; BenA = MN969423; CaM = MN969344; RPB2 = MN969205.

Thermoascus endophyticus T.M. Silva et al., Fungal Diversity 124: 25. 2024. [MB 846409]. — Typus: UFG 34289. Ex-type: FCCUFG 19 = URM 8565. DNA barcodes: ITS = OP325230; BenA = OP351559; CaM = OP351562; RPB2 = OP351565

Thermoascus thermophilus (Sopp) Arx, The genera of fungi sporulating in pure culture: 94. 1974. [MB 324541]. — Typus: CBS 528.71. Ex-type: CBS 528.71 = BDUN394 = IMI 123298 = NRRL 5208 = ATCC 26413. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH860254; BenA = MN969424; CaM = MN969345; RPB2 = JF417442. Genome: GCA_041956715.

Thermoascus verrucosus (Samson & Tansey) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 91. 2020. [MB 832567]. — Typus: CBS 605.74. Ex-type: CBS 605.74 = ATCC 34163. DNA barcodes: ITS = DQ073329; BenA = MN969425; CaM = MN969346; RPB2 = JN121540.

Thermoascus yaguchii (Yaguchi, Someya & Udagawa) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 95: 91. 2020. [MB 833988]. — Typus: PF-1160. Ex-type: IFM 66000 = DTO 424-H3 = PF-1160. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT068196; BenA = n.a.; CaM = MN969362; RPB2 = n.a.

Thermomyces

Thermomyces dupontii (Griffon & Maublanc) Houbraken & Samson, Advances Appl. Microbiol. 86: 218. 2014. [MB 805186]. — Typus: CBS 236.58. Ex-type: CBS 236.58 = ATCC 10518 = ATCC 16461 = ATCC 52514 = IFO31798 = IMI 48593 = NRRL 2155. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431410; BenA = MN969432; CaM = GCF041956625; RPB2 = JF417420. Genome: GCF_041956625.

Thermomyces lanuginosus Tsikl., Ann. Inst. Pasteur 13: 500. 1899. [MB 239786]. — Typus: IMI 84400. Representative strain: CBS 632.91 = DTO 024-B3 = ATCC 16455 = DAOM232588. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN431411; BenA = MN969433; CaM = MN969353; RPB2 = MN969209.

Trichocoma

Trichocoma paradoxa [as ‘paradoxum’] Jungh., Praemissa in oram cryptogamicam Javae insulae: 9. 1838. [MB 161024]. — Typus: Trichocoma paradoxa, Junghuhn (BO). Representative strains: CBS 247.57, CBS 103.73, CBS 788.83. DNA barcodes: ITS = JN899398; BenA = KF984556; CaM = KF984670; RPB2 = JN121550.

Warcupiella

Warcupiella spinulosa (Warcup) Subram., Curr. Sci. 41: 757. 1972. [MB 325542]. — Typus: IMI 75885. Ex-type: CBS 512.65 = DTO 021-H3 = ATCC 16919 = IFO31800 = IMI 75885 = IMI 075885ii = IMI 075885iii = IMI 075885iv = NRRL 4376 = WB 4376. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF669706; BenA = MN969410; CaM = EF669698; RPB2 = EF669666.

Xerochrysium

Xerochrysium bohemicum Kubátová & Hubka, Persoonia 46: 519. 2021. [MB 839239]. — Typus: PRM 954080. Ex-type: CCF 3693 = CBS 147157. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW798184; BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Xerochrysium coryli Crous & Decock, Persoonia 47: 261. 2021. [MB 849335]. — Typus: CBS H-24853. Ex-type: CBS 148314 = CPC 41272 = MUCL 58103. DNA barcodes: ITS = OK664748; BenA = OK651216; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OK651178.

Xerochrysium dermatitidis (A. Agostini) Pitt, IMA Fungus 4: 237. 2013. [MB 807005]. — Typus: CBS 132.31. Ex-type: CBS 132.31 = IMI 96729 = UAMH802 = FRR 2376. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY635853; BenA = MT070993; CaM = MT066186; RPB2 = JN121443.

Xerochrysium xerophilum (Pitt) Pitt, IMA Fungus 4: 238. 2013. [MB 807006]. — Typus: UAMH 2368. Ex-type: CBS 153.67 = FRR 503 = ATCC 18053 = IMI 126287. DNA barcodes: ITS = GU733339; BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Xeromyces

Xeromyces bisporus L.R. Fraser, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 78: 245. 1953. [MB 307870]. — Typus: unknown. Ex-type: CBS 236.71 = IMI 63718 = VKM F-1978 = FRR 525. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY635854; BenA = KY709179; CaM = GCA900006255; RPB2 = JN121466. Genome: GCA_900006255.

Synonymies proposed

Aspergillus albomontensis Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 14: 1. 2023. [MB 901088]. — Typus: MST-FP2245. Ex-type: MST-FP2245. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fennelliarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR467395; BenA = OR472448; CaM = OR472446; RPB2 = OR472447.

Synonym of Aspergillus fennelliae [MB 309218].

Notes: The multilocus phylogeny places A. albomontensis inside A. fennelliae closely related to A. denticulatis, A. huiyaniae, A. similanensis and A. sublevisporus (Fig. 17). The clade holding A. fennelliae is poorly supported, but there is some support in the clade that excludes CBS 146723 and A. albomontensis. The single-locus phylogenies revealed a large degree of variation in A. fennelliae for BenA, CaM and RPB2 making application of GCPSR difficult (Suppl. Fig. S6). The backbone in the single-locus trees is, however, poorly supported. Our STACEY analysis delimited A. albomontensis within A. fennelliae. Based on these results, we reduce A. albomontensis as a synonym of A. fennelliae (Fig. 45).

Aspergillus dunkleyae Y.P. Tan & Bishop-Hurley, Index Austral. Fungi 27: 3. 2023. [MB 900679]. — Typus: BRIP 72551a. Ex-type: BRIP 72551a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Viridinutantes. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR947064; BenA = OR964959; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OR964958.

Synonym of Aspergillus pseudoviridinutans [MB 808637].

Notes: The multilocus phylogeny resolves A. dunkleyae inside A. pseudoviridinutans (Fig. 18). No CaM sequence is available for the species. BenA resolves, without support, A. dunkleyae sister to the main clade but RPB2 resolves it inside with support (Suppl. Fig. S6). Our STACEY analysis delimited A. dunkleyae inside A. pseudoviridinutans. We thus consider the species a synonym of the latter.

Aspergillus filifer [as ‘filifera’] Zalar et al., Mycologia 100: 787. 2008. [MB 540309]. — Typus: CBS H-19886. Ex-type: CBS 113636 = IBT 23443 = DTO 011-A5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = EU448277; BenA = EF428372; CaM = EU443973; RPB2 = KU866932.

Synonym of Aspergillus qinqixianii [MB 464660].

Notes: Our phylogenetic analyses revealed that A. filifer and A. qinqixianii have only a small number of bp differences between each other and that they should be considered the same species. This is also supported by their similar morphologies (Chen et al. 2016). We thus propose that A. filifer is a synonym of A. qinqixianii.

Aspergillus fuscicans S.M. Romero et al., Phytotaxa 343: 69. 2018. [MB 823159]. — Typus: BAFC 52653. Ex-type: BAFCcult 4564. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Usti ser. Calidousti. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = KY853416; CaM = KY853415; RPB2 = n.a.

Synonym of Aspergillus pseudodeflectus [MB 309236]

Notes: Our phylogenies resolve A. fuscicans inside the A. pseudodeflectus clade (Fig. 19) and the species is thus considered a synonym.

Aspergillus lelandiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 47: 1. 2024. [MB 903073]. — Typus: MST-F22287. Ex-type: MST-F22287. Infragen. class.: subgen. Nidulantes sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = PQ566632; CaM = PQ566630; RPB2 = PQ566631.

Synonym of Aspergillus stellatus [MB 254841].

Notes: Our phylogenies confirm the finding of Tan et al. (2024b), who showed that their strain MST-F22287 belongs inside A. stellatus (Fig. 20, Suppl. Fig. S7). We disagree with their conclusion of introducing a new name for it, however, and consider A. lelandiae a synonym.

Aspergillus liaoningensis C. Liu et al., J. Fungi 9 (10, no. 960): 11. 2023. [MB 571613]. — Typus: HMAS 247877. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25201. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Candidi ser. Candidi. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON563148; BenA = ON231293; CaM = ON470836; RPB2 = ON470844.

Synonym of Aspergillus subalbidus [MB 809190].

Notes: Phylogenies place A. liaoningensis within A. subalbidus (Fig. 10), noting that CaM resolves it on a long branch (Suppl. Fig. S1). We consider it a synonym of A. subalbidus.

Aspergillus luteorubrus Pitt, Persoonia 44: 361. 2020. [MB 835226]. — Typus: DAR 85045. Ex-type: CBS 146723 = FRR 5427 = MST FP2246. Infragen. class.: subgen. Fumigati sect. Fumigati ser. Fennelliarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT179305; BenA = MT184781; CaM = MT184787; RPB2 = MT184793.

Synonym of Aspergillus fennelliae [MB 309218].

Notes: The species was considered a synonym of A. fennelliae by Visagie et al. (2024d) and our STACEY analysis provides further evidence for this decision (Fig. 45).

Aspergillus pelloeae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 24: 6. 2023. [MB 901441]. — Typus: MST-F22283. Ex-type: MST-F22283. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR731308; BenA = OR737775; CaM = OR737765; RPB2 = OR737770.

Synonym of Aspergillus recifensis [MB 830081].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve A. pelloaea and A. recifensis in the same clade. Potentially, A. recifensis is a synonym of A. aureoterreus (our unpublished data). Until a taxonomic revision is completed for this group, we tentatively accepted A. recifensis but consider A. pelloeae a synonym.

Aspergillus pseudocaelatus Varga et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 63. 2011. [MB 560397]. — Typus: CBS H-20632. Ex-type: CBS 117616 = DTO 010-H4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Kitamyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = EF409242; BenA = MG517626; CaM = MG517995; RPB2 = MG517809. Genome: GCA_009193665.

Synonym of Aspergillus caelatus [MB 436955]. Notes: Phylogenies resolve A. pseudocaelatus inside A. caelatus (Fig. 13, Suppl. Fig. S4). We thus consider it a synonym.

Aspergillus pseudonomiae [as ‘pseudonomius’] Varga et al., Stud. Mycol. 69: 67. 2011. [MB 833325]. — Typus: CBS H-20633. Ex-type: CBS 119388 = NRRL 3353 = IBT 27864 = DTO 009-F1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Flavi ser. Nomiarum. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF338643; BenA = EF661495; CaM = EF661529; RPB2 = EF661454. Genome: GCF_009193645.

Synonym of Aspergillus nomiae [MB 634998].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve A. pseudonomiae inside A. nomiae (Fig. 13, Suppl. Fig. S4). We thus consider it a synonym.

Aspergillus rosettanus O.A.M. Al-Bedak, Microb. Biosystems 9: 69. 2024. [MB 856184]. — Typus: AUMC 11042. Ex-type: AUMC 11042. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Circumdati ser. Steyniorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF075156; BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.

Synonym of Aspergillus elegans [MB 212852].

Notes: Aspergillus rosettanus was described based on an ITS sequence. However, alignments revealed that the region towards LSU is potentially a bad quality sequence data. We consider it a synonym of A. elegans.

Penicillium acreanum [as ‘acrean’] K.S. Araujo et al., Braz. J. Microbiol. 55: 3059. 2024. [MB 856139]. — Typus: VIC 47585. Ex-type: COAD 3463. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Sumatraensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT137535; BenA = MZ369098; CaM = MW972082; RPB2 = OK105119.

Synonym of Penicillium sumatraense [MB 319297].

Notes: A taxonomic revision of Penicillium section Citrina that defined species boundaries based on morphology, secondary metabolites and phylogenetics was published by Houbraken et al. (2011b), who adopted a broad concept for P. sumatraense. Phylogenetically, P. acreanum is resolved inside the broad clade and is thus considered a synonym of P. sumatraense (Fig. 25 & Suppl. Fig. S18).

Penicillium additum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 45. 2023. [MB 571533]. — Typus: HMAS 247884. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25145. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870831; BenA = OR051180; CaM = OR051355; RPB2 = OR062046.

Synonym of Penicillium umkhoba [MB 844189].

Notes: Penicillium additum is consistently resolved in a clade with P. brachycaulis, P. celere, P. ellipsoideum and P. umkhoba (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S31). Based on a STACEY analysis (Fig. 51), we consider the species a synonym of P. umkhoba.

Penicillium amazonense K.S. Araujo et al., Braz. J. Microbiol. 55: 3063. 2024. [MB 845612]. — Typus: VIC 49381. Ex-type: COAD 3476. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT140343; BenA = MW820833; CaM = MW820831; RPB2 = OK087392.

Synonym of Penicillium rolfsii [MB 276674].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve P. amazonense inside P. rolfsii (Fig. 29 & Suppl. Fig. S26) and is thus considered a synonym.

Penicillium anthracinoglaciei Perini et al., Microbial Ecol. 86: 287. 2022. [MB 835602]. — Typus: EXF-11443H. Ex-type: EXF11443 = IBT 34739. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Brevicompacta. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = MT080493; CaM = MT080552; RPB2 = MT080519.

Synonym of Penicillium bialowiezense [MB 258429].

Notes: Penicillium anthracinoglaciei was tentatively accepted by Visagie et al. (2024d), but based on phylogenetic data (Fig. 33 & Suppl. Fig. S14) and a STACEY analysis (Fig. 47), the species is reduced as a synonym of P. bialowiezense.

Penicillium aquiri K.S. Araujo et al., Braz. J. Microbiol. 55: 3061. 2024. [MB 845369]. — Typus: VIC 47586. Ex-type: COAD 3464. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Sumatraensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = MT137536; BenA = MZ369093; CaM = MW972077; RPB2 = OK073979.

Synonym of Penicillium sumatraense [MB 319297].

Notes: A taxonomic revision of Penicillium section Citrina that defined species boundaries based on morphology, secondary metabolites and phylogenetics was published by Houbraken et al. (2011b), who adopted a broad concept for P. sumatraense. Phylogenetically, P. aquiri is resolved inside the broad clade and is thus considered a synonym of P. sumatraense (Fig. 25 & Suppl. Fig. S19).

Penicillium asterineum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 47. 2023. [MB 571534]. — Typus: HMAS 247885. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25146. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870857; BenA = OR051206; CaM = OR051381; RPB2 = OR062071.

Synonym of Penicillium daejeonium [MB 561572].

Notes: Penicillium asterineum is resolved in a clade with P. daejeonium, P. ferraniaense and P. xuanhanense (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S32). All hypotheses obtained from a STACEY analysis (Fig. 52) suggest this group is one species, with P. daejeonium the oldest name. The other species are considered synonyms.

Penicillium austrosinense L. Cai et al., Cladistics 35: 525. 2018. [MB 818164]. — Typus: HMAS 247725. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18797 = CBS 144505. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY495007; BenA = KY495116; CaM = MN969328; RPB2 = KY495061.

Synonym of Penicillium guaibinense [MB 827182].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve P. austrosinense in a clade with P. guaibinense, P. marykayhuntiae and P. singorense (Fig. 28 & Suppl. Fig. S24). Doilom et al. (2020) considered P. austrosinense a synonym of P. guaibinense, which is supported by a STACEY analysis (Fig. 48). Furthermore, we also conclude that P. marykayhuntiae is a synonym of P. guaibinense. Penicillium singorense is a close relative.

Penicillium austrosinicum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Sci. Rep. 7: 3. 2017. [MB 570338]. — Typus: HMAS 248734. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.18410. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KX885061; BenA = KX885041; CaM = KX885051; RPB2 = KX885032.

Synonym of Penicillium maximae [MB 803783].

Notes: Phylogenies place P. austrosinicum in a clade with three closely related species, P. maximae, P. meliponae and P. beibeiense (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S32). All species hypotheses supported in the STACEY analysis (Fig. 52), suggest the clade contains only one species with P. maximae the correct name for the clade.

Penicillium beibeiense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 49. 2023. [MB 571535]. — Typus: HMAS 247886. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25147. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870859; BenA = OR051208; CaM = OR051383; RPB2 = OR062073.

Synonym of Penicillium maximae [MB 803783].

Notes: Phylogenies place P. beibeiense in a clade with three closely related species, P. maximae, P. meliponae and P. austrocinicum (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S32). All species hypotheses supported in the STACEY analysis (Fig. 52), suggest the clade contains only one species. All species in this clade are thus synonymised with P. maximae.

Penicillium brachycaulis X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 51. 2023. [MB 571536]. — Typus: HMAS 247887. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25148. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870832; BenA = OR051181; CaM = OR051356; RPB2 = OR062047.

Synonym of Penicillium umkhoba [MB 844189].

Notes: Penicillium brachycaulis is consistently resolved in a clade with P. additum, P. celere, P. ellipsoideum and P. umkhoba (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S31). Based on a STACEY analysis (Fig. 51), we consider the species a synonym of P. umkhoba.

Penicillium carolineherscheliae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 19: 6. 2023. [MB 901286]. — Typus: BRIP 75814a. Ex-type: BRIP 75814a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR673890; BenA = OR700701; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OR700700.

Synonym of Penicillium herquei [MB 536431].

Notes: Penicillium carolineherscheliae is consistently resolved in a clade with P. herquei, P. creberum, P. flosculum, P. wanyuanense and P. wulienthii that has little backbone support (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S31). Based on our analysis, including STACEY (Fig. 51), we consider all of these to belong to one species, with P. herquei that has priority. The other names are thus synonymised.

Penicillium celere X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 53. 2023. [MB 571560]. — Typus: HMAS 247911. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25172. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870848; BenA = OR051197; CaM = OR051372; RPB2 = OR062062.

Synonym of Penicillium umkhoba [MB 844189].

Notes: Penicillium celere is consistently resolved in a clade with P. additum, P. brachycaulis, P. ellipsoideum and P. umkhoba (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S31). Based on a STACEY analysis (Fig. 51), we consider the species a synonym of P. umkhoba.

Penicillium creberum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 63. 2023. [MB 571541]. — Typus: HMAS 247892. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25153. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870833; BenA = OR051182; CaM = OR051357; RPB2 = OR062048.

Synonym of Penicillium herquei [MB 536431].

Notes: Penicillium creberum is consistently resolved in a clade with P. herquei, P. carolineherscheliae, P. flosculum, P. wanyuanense and P. wulienthii that has little backbone support (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S31). Based on our analysis, including STACEY (Fig. 51), we consider all of these to belong to one species, with P. herquei that has priority. The other names are thus synonymised.

Penicillium ellipsoideum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 69. 2023. [MB 571544]. — Typus: HMAS 247895. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25156. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870835; BenA = OR051184; CaM = OR051359; RPB2 = OR062050.

Synonym of Penicillium umkhoba [MB 844189].

Notes: Penicillium ellipsoideum is consistently resolved in a clade with P. additum, P. brachycaulis, P. celere and P. umkhoba (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S31). Based on a STACEY analysis (Fig. 51), we consider the species a synonym of P. umkhoba.

Penicillium ferraniaense Houbraken & Di Piazza, Persoonia 46: 491. 2021. [MB 839119]. — Typus: CBS H-24757. Ex-type: CBS 147595 = DTO 400-D8. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW694951; BenA = MW689336; CaM = MW689338; RPB2 = MW689340.

Synonym of Penicillium daejeonium [MB 561572].

Notes: Penicillium ferraniaense is resolved in a clade with P. asterineum, P. daejeonium and P. xuanhanense (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S32). All hypotheses obtained from a STACEY analysis (Fig. 52), suggests this group is one species, with P. daejeonium the oldest name. The other species are considered synonyms.

Penicillium flosculum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 75. 2023. [MB 571547]. — Typus: HMAS 247898. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25159. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870839; BenA = OR051188; CaM = OR051363; RPB2 = OR062053.

Synonym of Penicillium herquei [MB 536431].

Notes: Penicillium flosculum is consistently resolved in a clade with P. herquei, P. carolineherscheliae, P. creberum, P. wanyuanense and P. wulienthii that has little backbone support (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S31). Based on our analysis, including STACEY (Fig. 51), we consider all of these to belong to one species, with P. herquei that has priority. The other names are thus synonymised.

Penicillium heveae K.S. Araujo et al., Braz. J. Microbiol. 55: 3074. 2024. [MB 845367]. — Typus: VIC 47589. Ex-type: COAD 3467. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG751217; BenA = MW928622; CaM = MW928617; RPB2 = OK087394.

Synonym of Penicillium yuyongnianii [MB 571575].

Notes: The new species belongs to a clade with P. cataractarum, P. globosum, P. newtonturnerae and the recently described P. taii and P. yuyongnianii (Fig. 28 & Suppl. Fig. S27). There is little support in nodes for BenA, CaM and RPB2. Based on the STACEY analysis (Fig. 48), we reduce the species to a synonym of P. yuyongnianii, but note that some hypotheses also support synonymising P. heveae, P. taii and P. yuyongnianii with P. globosum.

Penicillium jiangsuense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 10 (5, no. 342): 9. 2024. [MB 571814]. — Typus: HMAS 247928. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.27294 = SHL 01-03. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP357619; BenA = PP373070; CaM = PP373075; RPB2 = PP373081.

Synonym of Penicillium glabrum [MB 120545].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve P. jiangsuense in the P. glabrum clade (Fig. 21 & Suppl. Fig. S12) as defined by Houbraken et al. (2014b). We therefore consider it a synonym of P. glabrum.

Penicillium jinfoshanicum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 79. 2023. [MB 571549]. — Typus: HMAS 247900. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25161. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870813; BenA = OR051074; CaM = OR051253; RPB2 = OR051425.

Synonym of Penicillium aurantioviolaceum [MB 257885].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve P. jinfoshanicum in the P. aurantioviolaceum clade (Fig. 21 & Suppl. Fig. S12) as defined by Houbraken et al. (2014b), and the species is thus considered a synonym of the latter.

Penicillium kojigenum G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 44: 43. 1961. [MB 335741]. — Typus: L.S.H.T.M. BB 394. Ex-type: CBS 345.61 = ATCC 18227 = CCRC 31515 = FRR 3442 = IFO 9581 = IMI 086562 = LSHBB B394 = MUCL 2457 = NRRL 3442 = QM 7957. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = AF033489; BenA = KJ834463; CaM = KJ867011; RPB2 = JN406564.

Synonym of Penicillium lanosum [MB 178497].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve P. kojigenum inside P. lanosum (Fig. 38). The species is thus considered a synonym.

Penicillium marykayhuntiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 9: 14. 2023. [MB 900780]. — Typus: BRIP 74934a. Ex-type: BRIP 74934a. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OR271913; BenA = OR269446; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = OR269440.

Synonym of Penicillium guaibinense [MB 827182].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve P. marykayhuntiae in a clade with P. austrosinense, P. guaibinense and P. singorense (Fig. 28 & Suppl. Fig. S24). Doilom et al. (2020) considered P. austrosinense a synonym of P. guaibinense, which is supported by a STACEY analysis (Fig. 48). We came to the same conclusion and considered P. marykayhuntiae a synonym of P. guaibinense. Penicillium singorense is a close relative.

Penicillium meliponae R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1897. 2018. [MB 822210]. — Typus: URM 90491. Ex-type: URM 7602 = CBS 142495. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MF278315; BenA = MN969418; CaM = LT854648; RPB2 = LT854653.

Synonym of Penicillium maximae [MB 803783].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve P. meliponae in a clade with P. maximae, P. beibeiense and P. austrocinicum (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S32). All species hypotheses proposed by the STACEY analysis (Fig. 52), suggested that the clade contains only one species. All species in this clade are thus synonymised with P. maximae.

Penicillium pacificagyrus [nom. inval. Art. 40.1 (Shenzhen)] M.S. Sobol et al., BMC Genomics 24 (no. 249): 9. 2023. [MB 845416]. — Typus: Not available. Ex-type: SPG-F15. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: GCA_003800495; BenA = GCA_003800495; CaM = GCA_003800495; RPB2 = GCA_003800495. Genome: GCA_003800495.

Synonym of Penicillium solitum [MB 206172].

Notes: Penicillium pacificagyrus was invalidly described since the authors did not designate a type. Based on phylogenetic analyses (Fig. 36 & Suppl. Fig. S22), we consider the species a synonym of P. commune and thus do not validate the name here.

Penicillium pacificasedimenti [nom. inval. Art. 40.1 (Shenzhen)] M.S. Sobol et al., BMC Genomics 24 (no. 249): 9. 2023. [MB 845451]. — Typus: Type not mentioned. Ex-type: SPG-F1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum. DNA barcodes: GCA_003800495; BenA = GCA_003800495; CaM = GCA_003800495; RPB2 = GCA_003800495. Genome: GCA_003800495.

Synonym of Penicillium commune [MB 164241].

Notes: Penicillium pacificasedimenti was invalidly described since the authors did not designate a type. Based on phylogenetic analyses (Fig. 36 & Suppl. Fig. S22), we consider the species a synonym of P. solitum, and thus do not validate the name here.

Penicillium pauciramulum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 85. 2023. [MB 571552]. — Typus: HMAS 247903. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25164. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870726; BenA = OR051111; CaM = OR051288; RPB2 = OR051457.

Synonym of Penicillium ausonanum [MB 840556].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve P. pauciramulum as a close relative of P. ausonanum (Fig. 28 & Suppl. Fig. S24). The STACEY analysis (Fig. 48) suggests these are synonyms. Sequences of BenA, CaM and RPB2, differ by 1, 4 and 17 bp. We consider P. pauciramulum a synonym of P. ausonanum.

Penicillium pseudomellis K.S. Araujo et al., Braz. J. Microbiol. 55: 3068. 2024. [MB 845726]. — Typus: VIC 49381. Ex-type: COAD 3474. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG751237; BenA = MW820837; CaM = MW820835; RPB2 = MW820838.

Synonym of Penicillium mellis [MB 822211].

Notes: Phylogenies revealed that P. pseudomellis is a synonym of P. mellis (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S30) and the former is thus considered a synonym.

Penicillium qii X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 87. 2023. [MB 571553]. — Typus: HMAS 247904. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25165. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Sumatraensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870878; BenA = OR051080; CaM = OR051257; RPB2 = OR051430.

Synonym of Penicillium sumatraense [MB 319297].

Notes: A taxonomic revision of Penicillium section Citrina that defined species boundaries based on morphology, secondary metabolites and phylogenetics was published by Houbraken et al. (2011b), who adopted a broad concept for P. sumatraense. Phylogenetically, P. qii is resolved inside the broad clade and is thus considered a synonym of P. sumatraense (Fig. 25 & Suppl. Fig. S19).

Penicillium rarum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 89. 2023. [MB 571554]. — Typus: HMAS 247905. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25166. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Sumatraensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870881; BenA = OR051083; CaM = OR051260; RPB2 = OR051432.

Synonym of Penicillium sumatraense [MB 319297].

Notes: A taxonomic revision of Penicillium section Citrina that defined species boundaries based on morphology, secondary metabolites and phylogenetics was published by Houbraken et al. (2011b), who adopted a broad concept for P. sumatraense. Phylogenetically, P. rarum is resolved inside the broad clade and is thus considered a synonym of P. sumatraense (Fig. 25 & Suppl. Fig. S19).

Penicillium shanghaiense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 10 (5, no. 342): 11. 2024. [MB 571815]. — Typus: HMAS 247929. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.27295 = SHL 06-18. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Sumatraensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP357620; BenA = PP373071; CaM = PP373076; RPB2 = PP373082.

Synonym of Penicillium sumatraense [MB 319297].

Notes: A taxonomic revision of Penicillium section Citrina that defined species boundaries based on morphology, secondary metabolites and phylogenetics was published by Houbraken et al. (2011b), who adopted a broad concept for P. sumatraense. Phylogenetically, P. shanghaiense is resolved inside the broad clade and is thus considered a synonym of P. sumatraense (Fig. 25 & Suppl. Fig. S19).

Penicillium subasperum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 101. 2023. [MB 571561]. — Typus: HMAS 247912. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25173. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870849; BenA = OR051198; CaM = OR051373; RPB2 = OR062063.

Synonym of Penicillium scruposum [MB 571555].

Notes: Penicillium subasperum belongs to series Herqueorum, where 16 new species have been described since 2022. Penicillium scruposum was described as a close relative of P. subasperum, both introduced in Wang et al. (2023). Based on our phylogenetic analyses (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S31) and STACEY (Fig. 51), it is synonymised with P. scruposum.

Penicillium subrutilans X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 105. 2023. [MB 571562]. — Typus: HMAS 247913. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25174. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870816; BenA = OR051137; CaM = OR051314; RPB2 = OR051479.

Synonym of Penicillium camponoti [MB 836012].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve P. subrutilans inside P. camponoti (Fig. 29 & Suppl. Fig. S26) and is thus considered a synonym of P. camponoti.

Penicillium tangii X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 109. 2023. [MB 571565]. — Typus: HMAS 247916. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25177. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Spinulosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870808; BenA = OR051069; CaM = OR051248; RPB2 = OR051421.

Synonym of Penicillium subspinulosum [MB 809975].

Notes: Phylogenies resolve P. tangii inside P. subspinulosum as defined in Houbraken et al. (2014b) (Fig. 21 & Suppl. Fig. S12). The species is considered a synonym.

Penicillium thomii [nom. inval. Art. 36.1(a) (Shenzhen)] Maire, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 8: 189. 1917. [MB 202819]. — Typus: IMI 189694. Ex-type: CBS 225.81 = IMI 189694 = NRRL 2077 = ATCC 48218. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KM189560; BenA = KM088799; CaM = KM089184; RPB2 = KM089571.

Synonym of Penicillium patens [MB 105611].

Notes: Penicillium patens is considered the correct name for the previously accepted P. thomii, which was invalidly published [Art. 36.1(a)] since the name was proposed in anticipation of the future acceptance of the taxon concerned (Maire 1917). Penicillium thomii [MB 280233] was also used by Zaleski (1927) with his protologue not making mention of Maire (1917). We must, therefore, consider that these species are different. Penicillium patens was considered a synonym of P. thomii (Houbraken et al. 2014b), but with P. thomii not validly published, it is in fact the oldest available name for the species and is accepted here.

Penicillium uttarakhandense Rajeshk. et al., Persoonia 46: 493. 2021. [MB 834093]. — Typus: AMH 10225. Ex-type: NFCCI 4808. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = MN967315; BenA = MN972443; CaM = MN972445; RPB2 = MN972447.

Synonym of Penicillium onobense [MB 112525].

Notes: Penicillium uttarakhandense is resolved in a clade with P. onobense (Fig. 28 & Suppl. Fig. S27), with all STACEY hypotheses suggesting that they belong to the same species (Fig. 48). We thus consider it a synonym of P. onobense.

Penicillium vulgatum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 115. 2023. [MB 571568]. — Typus: HMAS 247919. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25180. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Sumatraensia. DNA barcodes: OQ870884; BenA = OR051086; CaM = OR051263; RPB2 = OR051434.

Synonym of Penicillium sumatraense [MB 319297].

Notes: A taxonomic revision of Penicillium section Citrina that defined species boundaries based on morphology, secondary metabolites and phylogenetics was published by Houbraken et al. (2011b), who adopted a broad concept for P. sumatraense. Phylogenetically, P. vulgatum is resolved inside the broad clade and is thus considered a synonym of P. sumatraense (Fig. 25 & Suppl. Fig. S19).

Penicillium wangwentsaii X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 117. 2023. [MB 571569]. — Typus: HMAS 247920. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25181. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870887; BenA = OR051089; CaM = OR051266; RPB2 = OR051437.

Synonym of Penicillium cairnsense [MB 563184].

Notes: A taxonomic revision of Penicillium section Citrina that defined species boundaries based on morphology, secondary metabolites and phylogenetics was published by Houbraken et al. (2011b). Phylogenetically, P. wangwentsaii is resolved inside P. cairnsense and is thus considered a synonym (Fig. 26 & Suppl. Fig. S20).

Penicillium wanyuanense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 119. 2023. [MB 571570]. — Typus: HMAS 247921. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25182. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870854; BenA = OR051203; CaM = OR051378; RPB2 = OR062068.

Synonym of Penicillium herquei [MB 536431].

Notes: Penicillium wanyuanense is consistently resolved in a clade with P. herquei, P. carolineherscheliae, P. creberum, P. flosculum and P. wulienthii that has little backbone support (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S31). Based on our analyses, including STACEY (Fig. 51), we consider all of these species to belong to a single species, with P. herquei having priority. The other names are thus synonymised with P. herquei.

Penicillium williaminae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 47: 7. 2024. [MB 903076]. — Typus: MST-MF667. Ex-type: MST MF667. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: PQ607742; BenA = PQ566640; CaM = PQ566638; RPB2 = PQ566639.

Synonym of Penicillium cannoniae [MB 901775].

Notes: Both P. williaminae and P. cannoniae were introduced in the same year by the same authors (Tan et al. 2024a, b), but sequences between them differ by only 1 bp in BenA and are identical for CaM and RPB2. We consider P. williaminae a synonym of P. cannoniae based on our phylogenetic (Fig. 22, Suppl. Fig. S13) and STACEY (Fig. 46) analyses.

Penicillium wulientehii X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 121. 2023. [MB 571571]. — Typus: HMAS 247922. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25183. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870856; BenA = OR051205; CaM = OR051380; RPB2 = OR062070.

Synonym of Penicillium herquei [MB 536431].

Notes: Penicillium wulientehii is consistently resolved in a clade with P. herquei, P. carolineherscheliae, P. creberum, P. flosculum and P. wanyuanense that has little backbone support (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S31). Based on our analysis, including STACEY (Fig. 51), we consider all of these to belong to one species, with P. herquei that has priority. The other names are thus synonymised.

Penicillium wushanicum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 123. 2023. [MB 571572]. — Typus: HMAS 247923. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25184. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Citrina ser. Westlingiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870889; BenA = OR051091; CaM = OR051268; RPB2 = OR051439.

Synonym of Penicillium raphiae [MB 563203].

Notes: A taxonomic revision of Penicillium section Citrina that defined species boundaries based on morphology, secondary metabolites and phylogenetics was published by Houbraken et al. (2011b). Phylogenetically, P. wushanicum is resolved inside the P. raphiae clade (Fig. 26 & Suppl. Fig. S20) and is therefore considered a synonym of the latter.

Penicillium xuanhanense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, J. Fungi 9 (12, no. 1150): 127. 2023. [MB 571574]. — Typus: HMAS 247925. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.25186. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = OQ870873; BenA = OR051222; CaM = OR051396; RPB2 = OR062086.

Synonym of Penicillium daejeonium [MB 561572].

Notes: Penicillium xuanhanense is resolved in a clade with P. asterineum, P. daejeonium and P. ferraniaense (Fig. 31 & Suppl. Fig. S32). All hypotheses obtained from the STACEY analysis (Fig. 52) suggest this group is one species, with P. daejeonium the oldest name. The other species are considered synonyms.

Talaromyces coprophilus Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 68. 2020. [MB 822088]. — Typus: CBS H-23144. Ex-type: FMR 15199 = CBS 142756. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT899794; BenA = LT898319; CaM = LT899776; RPB2 = LT899812.

Synonym of Talaromyces argentinensis [MB 827826].

Notes: Talaromyces coprophilus is resolved inside T. argentinensis, described by Peterson & Jurjević (2019). When introducing the former, Guevara-Suarez et al. (2020) did not include the latter in their analyses. We consider T. coprophilus a synonym (Fig. 43).

Talaromyces cucurbitiradicus L. Su & Y.C. Niu, Mycologia 110: 380. 2018. [MB 820559]. — Typus: HMAS 247175. Ex-type: ACCC 39155. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY053254; BenA = KY053228; CaM = KY053246; RPB2 = n.a.

Synonym of Talaormyces funiculosus [MB 560653].

Notes: Visagie et al. (2024c) showed that T. cucurbitiradicus and T. pseudofuniculosus are synonyms of T. funiculosus. We follow this here (Fig. 43).

Talaromyces macrodendroideus Visagie et al., Persoonia 53: 57. 2024. [MB 851114]. — Typus: PREM 62229. Ex-type: PPRI 16060 = CMW 59583 = CN 153I8 = CMV 011E1. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MK450749; BenA = MK451204; CaM = MK451692; RPB2 = MK450886.

Synonym of Talaromyces freemaniae [MB 902034].

Notes: The names T. macrodendroideus and T. freemaniae were introduced for the same species in the same year (Fig. 42 & Suppl. Fig. S36), with T. freemaniae, having priority. Talaromyces macrodendroideus is reduced as a synonym.

Talaromyces pseudofuniculosus Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 69. 2020. [MB 822090]. — Typus: CBS H-23214. Ex-type: FMR 15307 = CBS 143041. Infragen. class.: sect. Talaromyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = LT899796; BenA = LT898323; CaM = LT899778; RPB2 = LT899814.

Synonym of Talaromyces funiculosus [MB 560653].

Notes: Visagie et al. (2024c) showed that T. cucurbitiradicus and T. pseudofuniculosus are synonyms of T. funiculosus. We follow this here (Fig. 43).

Talaromyces rickardiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 34: 3. 2024. [MB 902040]. — Typus: MST-FP2588. Ex-type: MST-FP2588. Infragen. class.: sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = PP665727; BenA = PP682579; CaM = PP682550; RPB2 = PP682566.

Synonym of Talaromyces dendriticus [MB 560648].

Notes: Talaromyces rickardiae was introduced for a single strain, without a morphological description. However, it is consistently resolved in T. dendriticus (Fig. 42, Suppl. Fig. S36). We thus consider it a synonym.

Talaromyces tabacinus Jurjević et al., Persoonia 40: 323. 2018. [MB 823318]. — Typus: BPI 910533. Ex-type: NRRL 66727 = EMSL 2174. Infragen. class.: sect. Helici. DNA barcodes: ITS = MG182613; BenA = MG182627; CaM = MG182606; RPB2 = MG182620.

Synonym of Talaromyces ryukyuensis [MB 132096].

Notes: Only an ITS sequence is available for T. ryukyuensis and it was not included in the phylogenetic trees of Crous et al. (2018) when introducing T. tabacinus. Our phylogenies reveal that they clearly belong to the same species, with T. tabacinus considered a synonym of T. ryukyuensis (Fig. 40).

Species described after 28 March 2025

The following 46 species were introduced after 28 March 2025 and were not included in our current review (Cao et al. 2025, Crous et al. 2025, Liang et al. 2025, Overy et al. 2025, Tan et al. 2025b,a, Tan et al. 2025c, Thitla et al. 2025 and Nguyen & Lee 2025). We list these species below, with obvious synonymies mentioned.

Aspergillus halopiscium V.N. Thanh et al., Persoonia 54: 406. 2025. [MB 858371]. — Typus: OHFS 14.1. Ex-type: OHFS 14.1. Infragen. class.: subgen. Polypaecilum sect. Polypaecilum ser. Polypaecilum. DNA barcodes: ITS = MW473703; BenA = PV568288; CaM = PV568286; RPB2 = PV568287.

Aspergillus ralucae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 56: 1. 2025. [MB 903803]. — Typus: MST-F28554. Ex-type: MST-F28554. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV554936; BenA = PV574426; CaM = PV574425; RPB2 = n.a.

Aspergillus sofiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 56: 2. 2025. [MB 903804]. — Typus: MST-F28567. Ex-type: MST-F28567. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV554937; BenA = PV574429; CaM = PV574427; RPB2 = PV574428. Note: Sequence data suggest this species is a synonym of Aspergillus alabamensis [MB 543648].

Aspergillus soruae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 56: 5. 2025. [MB 903806]. — Typus: MST-F28488. Ex-type: MST-F28488. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Nigri ser. Japonici. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV554939; BenA = PV574438; CaM = PV574436; RPB2 = PV574437.

Aspergillus stefaniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 56: 3. 2025. [MB 903805]. — Typus: MST-F28552. Ex-type: MST-F28552. Infragen. class.: subgen. Circumdati sect. Terrei ser. Terrei. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV554938; BenA = PV574432; CaM = PV574430; RPB2 = PV574431. Note: Sequence data suggest this species might be a synonym of Aspergillus aureoterreus [MB 560392].

Paecilomyces zancaniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 56: 11. 2025. [MB 903808]. — Typus: MST-FP1181. Ex-type: MST-FP1181. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV554941; BenA = PV574441; CaM = PV574439; RPB2 = PV574440.

Penicillium algidum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 112: 92. 2025. [MB 855913]. — Typus: DAOM 985253. Ex-type: DAOMC 256946 = IBT 22067 = IBT 24414 = CBS 102886 = CMW 57199 = CN093F2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY989168; BenA = KY989043; CaM = KY989104; RPB2 = MZ984123.

Penicillium aquamarinum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 112: 94. 2025. [MB 855897]. — Typus: DAOM 749220. Ex-type: DAOMC 251672 = IBT 16643 = CMW 57210 = CN093A4. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia ser. Robsamsonia. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY989143; BenA = KY989018; CaM = KY989083; RPB2 = KY989204.

Penicillium balliae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 60: 1. 2025. [MB 904122]. — Typus: MST-F28467. Ex-type: MST-F28467. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV945918; BenA = PV951672; CaM = PV951670; RPB2 = PV951671.

Penicillium buchananiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 1. 2025. [MB 903781]. — Typus: MST-F28477. Ex-type: MST-F28477. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549442; BenA = PV550201; CaM = PV550175; RPB2 = PV550191.

Penicillium butlerae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 12. 2025. [MB 903786]. — Typus: MST-F28727. Ex-type: MST-F28727. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Lapidosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549447; BenA = PV550207; CaM = PV550181; RPB2 = PV550219. Note: Sequence data suggest this species is a synonym of Penicillium melinii [MB 270876].

Penicillium campbelliae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 60: 3. 2025. [MB 904123]. — Typus: MST-F28530. Ex-type: MST-F28530. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Thomiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV945919; BenA = PV951675; CaM = PV951673; RPB2 = PV951674.

Penicillium cushmaniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 60: 7. 2025. [MB 904126]. — Typus: MST-F28494. Ex-type: MST-F28494. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV945922; BenA = PV951684; CaM = PV951682; RPB2 = PV951683. Note: Sequence data suggest this species is a synonym of Penicillium glabrum [MB 120545].

Penicillium denooniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 16. 2025. [MB 903789]. — Typus: MST-F28590. Ex-type: MST-F28590. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549450; BenA = PV550210; CaM = PV550184; RPB2 = PV550195.

Penicillium discoense Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 112: 96. 2025. [MB 855898]. — Typus: DAOM 749224. Ex-type: DAOMC 251813 = IBT 22667 = CMW 57213 = CN093B2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Soppiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY989178; BenA = KY989053; CaM = KY989112; RPB2 = MZ984138.

Penicillium draperae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 60: 8. 2025. [MB 904127]. — Typus: MST-F28549. Ex-type: MST-F28549. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV945924; BenA = PV951690; CaM = PV951688; RPB2 = PV951689. Note: Sequence data suggest this species is a synonym of Penicillium glabrum [MB 120545].

Penicillium heislerae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 18. 2025. [MB 903790]. — Typus: MST-F28601. Ex-type: MST-F28601. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Torulomyces ser. Torulomyces. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549451; BenA = PV550211; CaM = PV550185; RPB2 = PV550222.

Penicillium hesseltinei Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 112: 96. 2025. [MB 855899]. — Typus: DAOM 749218. Ex-type: DAOMC 251664 = IBT 12396 = CMW 57228 = CN093B5. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Viridicata. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY989128; BenA = KY989003; CaM = KY989070; RPB2 = KY989195. Genome = GCA_028827225.

Penicillium idawoodsiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 60: 9. 2025. [MB 904128]. — Typus: MST-F28657. Ex-type: MST-F28657. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV945925; BenA = PV951693; CaM = PV951691; RPB2 = PV951692. Note: Sequence data suggest this species is a synonym of Penicillium glabrum [MB 120545].

Penicillium janemahoniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 7. 2025. [MB 903784]. — Typus: MST-F28714. Ex-type: MST-F28714. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Citreonigra. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549445; BenA = PV550205; CaM = PV550179; RPB2 = PV550217.

Penicillium jugorum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 112: 99. 2025. [MB 855900]. — Typus: DAOM 749225. Ex-type: DAOMC 251817 = IBT 22778 = CMW 57185 = CN093C2 = KAS2466. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY989184; BenA = KY989059; CaM = KY989118; RPB2 = MZ984129.

Penicillium latouriae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 20. 2025. [MB 903791]. — Typus: MST-F28687. Ex-type: MST-F28687. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Brevicompacta. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549452; BenA = PV550212; CaM = PV550186; RPB2 = PV550196. Note: Sequence data suggest this species is a synonym of Penicillium brevicompactum [MB 149773].

Penicillium lentum R.N. Liang & G.Z. Zhao, MycoKeys 116: 265. 2025. [MB 857346]. — Typus: HMAS 353385. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.28596 = B24. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta ser. Tularensia. DNA barcodes: ITS = PQ643282; BenA = PQ519854; CaM = PQ519855; RPB2 = PQ519856.

Penicillium mantoniae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 24. 2025. [MB 903793]. — Typus: MST-F28533. Ex-type: MST-F28533. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium incertae sedis. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549455; BenA = PV550215; CaM = PV550189; RPB2 = PV550199.

Penicillium marthae Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 112: 101. 2025. [MB 855901]. — Typus: DAOM 749219. Ex-type: DAOMC 251670 = IBT 13054 = CMW 57223 = CN103F9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Viridicata. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY989134; BenA = KY989009; CaM = KY989076; RPB2 = KY989201.

Penicillium marywardiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 9. 2025. [MB 903785]. — Typus: MST-F28501. Ex-type: MST-F28501. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Citreonigra. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549446; BenA = PV550206; CaM = PV550180; RPB2 = PV550218. Note: Sequence data suggest this species is a synonym of Penicillium citreonigrum [MB 165197].

Penicillium mckenzieae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 13. 2025. [MB 903787]. — Typus: MST-F28763. Ex-type: MST-F28763. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549448; BenA = PV550208; CaM = PV550182; RPB2 = PV550220. Note: Sequence data suggest this species is a synonym of Penicillium corylophilum [MB 178294].

Penicillium murieliae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 60: 11. 2025. [MB 904120]. — Typus: MST-F28678. Ex-type: MST-F28678. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV945926; BenA = PV951696; CaM = PV951694; RPB2 = PV951695.

Penicillium oreophilum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 112: 101. 2025. [MB 855902]. — Typus: DAOM 749222. Ex-type: DAOMC 251821 = IBT 23951 = CMW 57190 = CN093D2. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY989190; BenA = KY989065; CaM = KY989123; RPB2 = MZ984135.

Penicillium paolae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 60: 5. 2025. [MB 904124]. — Typus: MST-F28575. Ex-type: MST-F28575. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Longicatenata. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV945920; BenA = PV951678; CaM = PV951676; RPB2 = PV951677.

Penicillium retrofuscum M.G. Kim et al. Mycobiology 53: 734. 2025. [MB 859413]. — Typus: NNIBRFG6577. Ex-type: NNIBRFG6577. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV702368; BenA = PV741154; CaM = PV741147; RPB2 = PV741140.

Penicillium ritae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 60: 5. 2025. [MB 904125]. — Typus: MST-F28576. Ex-type: MST-F28576. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Aspergilloides ser. Longicatenata. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV945921; BenA = PV951681; CaM = PV951679; RPB2 = PV951680.

Penicillium rivulorum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 112: 104. 2025. [MB 855903]. — Typus: DAOM 749223. Ex-type: DAOMC 251681 = IBT 24420 = IBT 17740 = CMW 57228 = CN022E3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY989192; BenA = KY989067; CaM = KY989125; RPB2 = MZ984109.

Penicillium sidnieae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 25. 2025. [MB 903794]. — Typus: MST-F28525. Ex-type: MST-F28525. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Griseola ser. Griseola. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = PV550216; CaM = PV550190; RPB2 = PV550200.

Penicillium sylviae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 60: 12. 2025. [MB 904121]. — Typus: MST-F28757. Ex-type: MST-F28757. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV945927; BenA = PV951699; CaM = PV951697; RPB2 = PV951698.

Penicillium tayloriae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 14. 2025. [MB 903788]. — Typus: MST-F28546. Ex-type: MST-F28546. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Corylophila. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549449; BenA = PV550209; CaM = PV550183; RPB2 = PV550221. Note: Sequence data suggest this species is a synonym of Penicillium pagulum [MB 811005].

Penicillium terrae Thitla, et al., MycoKeys 116: 281. 2025. [MB 857423]. — Typus: SZU25-005. Ex-type: MBSZU 24-008 = VR040 = SZU25-005. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Exilicaulis ser. Erubescentia. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV036869; BenA = PV054939; CaM = PV054943; RPB2 = PV036876.

Penicillium tibetense R.N. Liang & G.Z. Zhao, MycoKeys 116: 265. 2025. [MB 857347]. — Typus: HMAS 353386. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.28597 = XZ5-3. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum. DNA barcodes: ITS = PQ643284; BenA = PQ519857; CaM = PQ519858; RPB2 = PQ519859.

Penicillium turcosum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 112: 104. 2025. [MB 855904]. — Typus: DAOM 985254. Ex-type: DAOMC 256941 = IBT 24419 = IBT 16625 = CMW 57193 = CN093D9. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY989142; BenA = KY989017; CaM = KY989082; RPB2 = MZ984117.

Penicillium websterae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 22. 2025. [MB 903792]. — Typus: MST-F28468. Ex-type: MST-F28468. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Penicillium ser. Penicillium. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549453; BenA = PV550213; CaM = PV550187; RPB2 = PV550197. Note: Sequence data suggest this species is a synonym of Penicillium expansum [MB 159382].

Penicillium woosteriae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 3. 2025. [MB 903782]. — Typus: MST-F28487. Ex-type: MST-F28487. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella. DNA barcodes: ITS = n.a.; BenA = PV550203; CaM = PV550177; RPB2 = PV550193.

Penicillium wyomingense Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 112: 106. 2025. [MB 855905]. — Typus: DAOM 985255. Ex-type: DAOMC 256940 = IBT 24433 = IBT 14073 = CMW 57231. Infragen. class.: subgen. Penicillium sect. Ramosum ser. Lanosa. DNA barcodes: ITS = KY989136; BenA = KY989011; CaM = KY989077; RPB2 = PP993258.

Penicillium yasuiae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 55: 5. 2025. [MB 903783]. — Typus: MST-F28587. Ex-type: MST-F28587. Infragen. class.: subgen. Aspergilloides sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissima. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV549444; BenA = PV550204; CaM = PV550178; RPB2 = PV550194.

Rasamsonia sauleae Y.P. Tan et al., Index Austral. Fungi 56: 13. 2025. [MB 903809]. — Typus: MST-F28497. Ex-type: MST-F28497. DNA barcodes: ITS = PV554942; BenA = PV574446; CaM = PV574444; RPB2 = PV574445.

Talaromyces ignescens Van Vuuren et al., Persoonia 54: 569. 2025. [MB 858819]. — Typus: PRU(M) 4626. Ex-type: CMW-IA 007111 = CMW 066564 = CBS 153397 = CN231B7 = iHX305259. Infragen. class.: sect. sect. Purpurei. DNA barcodes: ITS = MH281565; BenA = PV550672; CaM = PV550673; RPB2 = PV550674.

Talaromyces pseudorugulosus Q.M. Wang et al., Fungal Diversity 132: 454. 2025. [MB 844827]. — Typus: HMAS 35192. Ex-type: CGMCC 3.16296. Infragen. class.: sect. sect. Islandici. DNA barcodes: ITS = ON427037; BenA = ON667682; CaM = ON703619; RPB2 = ON703699.

DISCUSSION

Here, we update the accepted species list for Eurotiales, accepting 1393 species, classified into 26 genera and four families. Together with this list, we also publish a curated DNA reference sequence database for all accepted species, which will be updated regularly to reflect the accepted species list. It currently includes 18837 DNA sequences from 5325 strains and captures infraspecies variation as species are currently delimited. The database was designed to aid more accurate species identifications and precise species delimitation, particularly through phylogenetic methods and species delimitation techniques when comparing potential new species with known taxa. Among the accepted species, 411 only have a sequence of the ex-type, while 253 species have an ex-type and one additional strain sequenced. The boundaries in these species are thus not well characterised yet, and the description of new species within these groups should be approached cautiously. Therefore, we encourage publishing sequences of rare and under-sequenced species. Knowledge of the barcoding gaps within and between species will be helpful information when comparing newly obtained sequences with under-sequenced species. Peterson (2000) suggested that five ITS base-pair differences represent a new species. However, such a generalisation is difficult to support, as the number of base-pair differences between species varies across species, clades and genetic markers (Bian et al. 2022). Barcode gap information will be valuable for improving the interpretation and analysing metabarcoding data in future.

Apart from facilitating more straightforward identifications and species descriptions, the curated reference DNA sequence database makes a phylogenetic species concept for Eurotiales practical. We advocate for a combination of multilocus and single-locus phylogenies and applying GCSPR to provide reliable species delimitation results in cases where sufficient intraspecific variability is included. Furthermore, we recommend incorporating multispecies coalescence approaches, such as STACEY, to test species hypotheses in more complex groups. Even though we support a phylogenetic species concept, we emphasise that morphological descriptions (and where possible, secondary metabolite, exoenzyme, physiology, and ecological data) must always accompany new species descriptions. These descriptions provide a wealth of information for future studies and often serve as a control to confirm the accuracy of taxonomic conclusions and obtained sequences. Moreover, the reference sequence database establishes a framework for possible use of whole genome sequences as valid nomenclatural types in future. The taxonomic system developed here for Eurotiales will hopefully serve as a model for other fungal groups to follow.

It is our hope that through the provision/maintenance of a curated sequence database and adoption of its use by the mycological community should help to limit the superfluous species described annually. Of the 160 species described between 2020 and 2022, 27 (16.9 %) were considered synonyms (Visagie et al. 2024d). This proportion has increased significantly in recent years. Of the 171 species described since 2023, we consider 41 (24 %) to be synonyms. This is alarming and is mostly preventable. Many of these synonyms arose because authors compared newly obtained sequences exclusively with ex-type sequences during phylogenetic analyses. This approach is dangerous as sequence differences noted in these cases cannot be reliably attributed to inter- or infraspecies variations. We advocate for the description of new species worldwide while promoting the highest possible standards. Visagie et al. (2024d) highlighted common pitfalls that can arise when describing new species, and other authors have also provided authoritative guides on “best practices” when describing new species (Sigler & Hawksworth 1987, Seifert & Rossman 2010, Aime et al. 2021). Much has been written about how best to expedite taxonomic efforts to describe the undiscovered species (Hawksworth & Lucking 2017). We argue that flawed attempts to accelerate taxonomy actually hinder progress. The only sustainable path forward is to uphold excellence and rigorous taxonomic standards in species delimitation and description. This approach will naturally lead to more efficient and accurate species descriptions and taxonomic outcomes.

Several taxonomic groups require revision – as was apparent from the phylogenetic analyses presented. In Aspergillus, sections Fumigati and Terrei need revisions. Preliminary unpublished analyses based on multispecies coalescent delimitation methods indicate that several species in section Terrei need to be synonymised, following the trend observed in sections Fumigati (Hubka et al. 2018a), Flavipedes (Sklenář et al. 2021), Nigri (Bian et al. 2022), and Versicolores (Sklenář et al. 2022). MSC has not been applied in Penicillium, but several groups will benefit from such analyses. These include sect. Canescentia ser. Canescentia (Fig. 34, Suppl. Fig. S15) and sect. Exilicaulis ser. Restricta (Fig. 27, Suppl. Fig. S21). Visagie et al. (2021) revised sect. Canescentia and noted species closely related to P. canescentia are not well resolved. Several new species were described as close relatives of P. janczewskii (Liang et al. 2021, Torres-Garcia et al. 2022, Wang et al. 2023), and their identification is complicated. Similarly, P. restrictum and its close relatives in ser. Restricta are not well resolved, and identification in the group is tricky. Visagie et al. (2016) left several strains unnamed in this clade as sequence data gave inconsistent results. However, many new species were subsequently described in this series, with authors often citing the need for a revision (Labuda et al. 2021, Tan & Shivas 2022, Ansari et al. 2023, Crous et al. 2023, Tan & Shivas 2023, Wang et al. 2023). Penicillium ser. Camembertiorum (Fig. 36) also needs a revision, as discussed by Visagie et al. (2024d). In Talaromyces, many new species were described in the sect. Talaromyces, many of which will require future revision. As we gave the benefit of the doubt in these clades where delimitation was unclear, we tentatively accepted newly described species, at least until taxonomic revisions can be completed. There are many other clades that also require revision, but these are generally hindered by insufficient sequencing depth, limiting the robustness of any review (Sklenář et al. 2022).

In review articles focused on species delimitation, no single method is considered superior to others, and the use of multiple methods is recommended to compare results and reach a consensus (Carstens et al. 2013, Rannala & Yang 2020, Karbstein et al. 2024). Species delimitation within a group under study typically follows three main steps: (1) “generating species hypotheses” or “identifying putative species”, (2) “calculating the species tree”, and (3) “species validation”. The phylogenetic tool STACEY (Jones 2017) typically belongs to the first step. It explores a range of delimitation scenarios based on multilocus data while most other available methods are still restricted to single-locus datasets. It is thus suitable for an initial assessment of species boundaries and can help direct subsequent validation (see below).

Our decision to include STACEY in our delimitation workflow is supported by a strong rationale and builds on a number of previous studies in the genus Aspergillus, where species boundaries were assessed using STACEY alongside single-locus delimitation methods, various validation tools, and phenotypic data (Sklenář et al. 2017, 2020, 2021, 2022, Hubka et al. 2018a, b, Bian et al. 2022, Glässnerová et al. 2022). These studies, which have progressively revised significant parts of the Aspergillus diversity, consistently showed that the final accepted delimitation scheme always matched one of the scenarios proposed by STACEY. Not a single species was ultimately described in any of these studies without being supported by STACEY under at least one model. We therefore believe that STACEY can be used on the Eurotiales platform as a reliable delimitation tool, without requiring a full suite of single-locus delimitation methods—whose consensus has repeatedly confirmed results of STACEY. In the present study, we apply a conservative approach [e.g. for A. dunkleyae in sect. Fumigati (Fig. 45)] and synonymise only those species not supported by any plausible STACEY scenarios.

The STACEY setup includes many parameters that influence the results, but one parameter affects the results more significantly than others: the collapseheight parameter, which defines population properties in the model. Its correct estimation is not trivial even for more thoroughly studied organisms (mammals, lizards, etc.) (Douglas & Bouckaert 2022). In line with the exploratory nature of the analysis and in accordance with recently published taxonomic revisions in Aspergillus (Bian et al. 2022, Glässnerová et al. 2022, Sklenář et al. 2022), we tested a range of collapseheight values and visualised the results in a series of graphs (Figs 45-52). They illustrate the relationship between the collapseheight value used and the number of delimited species. In each graph, one or more peaks, representing species delimitation scenarios are identifiable. The guiding principle is to identify the lowest possible collapseheight value associated with a supported peak and then compare it with several other peaks with higher collapseheight values and to then determine the most appropriate scenario. These scenarios can serve as a basis for validation analysis, e.g. using various softwares (Yang 2015, Sukumaran et al. 2021). Alternatively, the most appropriate scenario can be chosen based on phenotypic (morphology, physiology, metabolite production) or ecological data. To aid interpretation, the distribution of strains into species in each scenario is illustrated by coloured bars adjacent to the phylogenetic tree. In addition to the collapseheight values identified as peaks, we also report results with one common collapseheight value (0.005), which we propose as a suitable starting value for exploratory analyses. This value is based on analyses and earlier works in Aspergillus (Sklenář et al. 2021, 2022, Bian et al. 2022, Glässnerová et al. 2022) and it mostly corresponded to the lower end of the tested range and tends to yield results that are in good agreement with consensus from others species-delimitation methods and GCPSR. In some cases (series Herqueorum and Sclerotiorum of the genus Penicillium; Figs 51, 52), the value of 0.005 led to the delimitation of an excessive number of species (oversplitting), and scenarios with higher support (peaks in the graph) were found at higher levels of the collapseheight parameter range. Our long-term goal is to move towards greater standardisation and consistency in species delimitation methodologies for Eurotiales, with the aim of making species more comparable as taxonomic and evolutionary units, while recognising that complete standardisation may not be achievable due to inherent methodological and biological variability.

Whole genome sequencing is becoming increasingly important and offers a powerful opportunity to answer complex taxonomic questions. Phylogenomic approaches, even though not widely adopted yet, have already been used to study broader relationships in Eurotiales. For example, Steenwyk et al. (2019), using a limited taxon sampling of 81 species showed that Aspergillus and Penicillium are well supported monophyletic groups. Aspergillus was again shown to be monophyletic by Steenwyk et al. (2024), who used a more comprehensive 725 genomes from 129 species, but subgenus Polypaecilum was sister to the main Aspergillus clade. This is interesting as the move to include Polypaecilum and Phialosimplex species in Aspergillus by Samson et al. (2014) was somewhat controversial at the time due to their morphology, which diverges from the typical morphological characteristics of Aspergillus (Taylor et al. 2016). At a finer scale, phylogenomic approaches have also been applied in two recent Paecilomyces studies to aid species delimitation (Urquhart & Idnurm 2023, Visagie et al. 2024a). However, baseline studies are needed to better characterise infra- and interspecies variation expected within Eurotiales and to more precisely define species boundaries at the genomic level. Furthermore, how multispecies coalescence approaches can be effectively incorporated with the large whole genome sequence datasets will have to be explored. Developing strategies to combine these methodologies will be crucial for future advances in species delimitation and taxonomy within the order.

Visagie et al. (2024d) highlighted the complications of how various governments legislate the “Nagoya Protocol”, often resulting in strains being inaccessible from certain countries. As a result, they recommended new species descriptions be as extensive and datarich as possible. In our opinion, descriptions without phenotypic data represent a “lazy approach” and contradict the principle of excellence in taxonomy. In line with our move to a phylogenetic species concept proposed here for Eurotiales, we advocate that whole genome sequences should also become part of descriptions, where possible. With regard to the debate of whether ICNafp should allow DNA to serve as nomenclatural types, we support the idea that a whole genome sequence is more informative in Eurotiales than a dried specimen accessioned in a fungarium. Analysing genomes is also becoming increasingly more informative regarding the potential function of species. For instance, CAZyme profiles or secondary metabolite gene clusters can offer insights into ecological roles or metabolic capabilities (Barrett et al. 2020, Nybo et al. 2025). At the very least, access to genomes for all species will facilitate future taxonomic revisions without the need to access cultures that have restricted access due to legal or logistical constraints.

Acknowledgments

We acknowledge funding received from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (RISE) under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 101008129, project acronym “Mycobiomics”. The contribution of FS and VH was supported by the Czech Academy of Sciences projects Lumina quaeruntur (LQ200202501) and Strategy AV21 “Mycolife program–the world of fungi” (VP33).

Footnotes

DECLARATION ON CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Supplementary Material: https://studiesinmycology.org

Fig. S1

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Candidi based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to A. petersonii. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF1.jpg^{(3.7MB, jpg)}

Fig. S2

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Cervini based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to A. acidohumus. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF2.jpg^{(1.4MB, jpg)}

Fig. S3

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Cremei based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF3.jpg^{(1.5MB, jpg)}

Fig. S4

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Flavi based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF4.jpg^{(1.2MB, jpg)}

Fig. S5

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Flavipedes based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to A. flavipes. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF5.jpg^{(1.1MB, jpg)}

Fig. S6

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Fumgati based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

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Fig. S7

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Nidulantes ser. Stellati based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to A. versicolor. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

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Fig. S8

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Nigri based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

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Fig. S9

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Polypaecilum based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to A. whitfieldii. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF9.jpg^{(1.7MB, jpg)}

Fig. S10

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Restricti based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF10.jpg^{(1.1MB, jpg)}

Fig. S11

Phylogenetic trees of Aspergillus sect. Terrei based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

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Fig. S12

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Aspergilloides ser. Glabra based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to P. thiersii. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

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Fig. S13

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Aspergilloides ser. Pinetorum based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to P. thiersii. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

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Fig. S14

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Brevicompacta based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to P. tularense. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF14.jpg^{(2.5MB, jpg)}

Fig. S15

Phylogenetic trees of Canescentia based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to P. sacculum. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

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Fig. S16

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Charlesia, Eremophila, Griseola, Guizhouorum and Thysanophora based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF16.jpg^{(1.7MB, jpg)}

Fig. S17

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Chrysogena based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

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Fig. S18

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Cinnamopurpurea based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF18.jpg^{(1.9MB, jpg)}

Fig. S19

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Citrina part 1 based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF19.jpg^{(2.3MB, jpg)}

Fig. S20

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Citrina part 2 based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF20.jpg^{(2.2MB, jpg)}

Fig. S21

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Exilicaulis based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF21.jpg^{(3.4MB, jpg)}

Fig. S22

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Fasciculata ser. Camembertiorum based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to P. viridicatum. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF22.jpg^{(1.7MB, jpg)}

Fig. S23

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Gracilenta based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to P. stolkiae. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF23.jpg^{(1MB, jpg)}

Fig. S24

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Dalearum based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted P. janthinellum. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF24.jpg^{(2.5MB, jpg)}

Fig. S25

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Janthinella based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted P. simplicissimum. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF25.jpg^{(4.7MB, jpg)}

Fig. S26

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Rolfsiorum based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted P. janthinellum. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF26.jpg^{(3.4MB, jpg)}

Fig. S27

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Lanata-Divaricata ser. Simplicissimum based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted P. janthinellum. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF27.jpg^{(4.5MB, jpg)}

Fig. S28

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Osmophila based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

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Fig. S29

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Robsamsonia based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF29.jpg^{(2MB, jpg)}

Fig. S30

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Adametziorum based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to P. sclerotiorum. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF30.jpg^{(2.4MB, jpg)}

Fig. S31

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Herqueorum based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to P. sclerotiorum. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF31.jpg^{(2.4MB, jpg)}

Fig. S32

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Sclerotiorum ser. Sclerotiorum based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to P. herquei. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF32.jpg^{(4.2MB, jpg)}

Fig. S33

Phylogenetic trees of Penicillium sect. Torulomyces based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF33.jpg^{(2.3MB, jpg)}

Fig. S34

Phylogenetic trees of Talaromyces sect. Bacillispori and Subinflati based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF34.jpg^{(1.8MB, jpg)}

Fig. S35

Phylogenetic trees of Talaromyces sect. Islandici based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF35.jpg^{(3.2MB, jpg)}

Fig. S36

Phylogenetic trees of Talaromyces sect. Purpurei based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to T. brunneosporus. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF36.jpg^{(2MB, jpg)}

Fig. S37

Phylogenetic trees of Talaromyces sect. Talaromyces (T. amestolkiae clade) based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to T. purpureogenus. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF37.jpg^{(2.8MB, jpg)}

Fig. S38

Phylogenetic trees of Talaromyces sect. Talaromyces (T. pinophilus clade) based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to T. purpureogenus. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF38.jpg^{(2.6MB, jpg)}

Fig. S39

Phylogenetic trees of Talaromyces sect. Talaromyces (T. verruculosus clade) based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was rooted to T. purpureogenus. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF39.jpg^{(2.4MB, jpg)}

Fig. S40

Phylogenetic trees of Talaromyces sect. Trachyspermi based on single-locus datasets of BenA, CaM, RPB2 and ITS. Strains of recently described species are shown in bold coloured text. The tree was midpoint rooted. Ex-type strains appear in bold and are indicated by a superscript T.

SIM_vol112_art4_SF40.jpg^{(3.4MB, jpg)}

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Supplementary Materials

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PERMALINK

From chaos to tranquillity: a modern approach to the identification, nomenclature and phylogeny of Aspergillus, Penicillium and other Eurotiales, including an updated accepted species list

CM Visagie

J Houbraken

DP Overy

F Sklenář

K Bensch

JC Frisvad

J Mack

G Perrone

RA Samson

NI van Vuuren

N Yilmaz

V Hubka

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Curated DNA reference sequence database

Phylogenetic analysis

Species delimitation (STACEY)

RESULTS

Curated DNA reference sequence database

Phylogenetic analyses

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Species delimitation (STACEY)

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Species described after 2023

TAXONOMY

Taxonomic novelties

Summary of accepted species in Eurotiales