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. 2025 Dec 6;16:1120. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-30809-5

Table 5.

Calculated stoichiometric air Requirement.

Sample O2,stoi
(kg O2/kg fuel)
Stoichiometric air (kg air/kg fuel)
Pine 2.26 9.75
Pinecone 2.20 9.47
Hazelnut shell 2.06 8.87
Swine manure 1.01 4.36
Slow-cooling hazelnut shell 2.23 9.62
Oak pruning residues 1.27 5.49