Fig. 2.

Integration of modern genomic tools for identifying genetic markers associated with key equine traits. This figure provides an overview of the application of advanced genomic technologies in unraveling the genetic architecture underlying important equine traits, such as coat color, body size, and athletic performance. Specific marker genes associated with each trait are highlighted. The circular framework illustrates recent advancements in equine genomics, encompassing high-throughput sequencing platforms, genotyping arrays, and emerging computational methodologies, including GWAS, CNV analysis, and RNA sequencing. Collectively, these approaches have enhanced our understanding of how genetic variants influence complex phenotypic traits in horses