Fig. 12.

The application of zero-dimensional materials in BCIs. a Left: Resistivity of sensors with different graphene content at 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%. Middle: Response tests of the film at different working voltages. Right: UV protection mechanism of the coating. Reproduced with permission [185].

Copyright 2021, John Wiley and Sons. b Left: The SEM images of printed AgNP and AgNP-Ga-In traces. Right: A circuit on a toy lemon and functioning as an electronic tattoo with an LED on a fingerprint. Reproduced with permission [186]. Copyright 2018, John Wiley and Sons. c Schematic of the Ag-Au-PtCore-Shell-Shell NWs, TEM images of the control nanocomposite, schematic illustration of the implantable electrode mounted on the rat's heart, and comparison of electrogram quality and magnified view of a single cardiac electrogram peak between Ag NW nanocomposite-based electrode and Ag-Au-Pt NW/Pt NP nanocomposite-based electrode. Reproduced with permission [187]. Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society. d Schematic of the nanoparticle synthesis process, quantification of the fluorescence intensity of RBITC, and representative confocal fluorescence images of brain slices of rats. Reproduced with permission [188]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier. e Motion artifacts comparison between the P-P-PDA NP electrode and the standard wet Ag/AgCl electrode, and characterization of PDA NPs. Reproduced with permission [189]. Copyright 2023, John Wiley and Sons