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. 2026 Jan 12;18:112. doi: 10.1007/s40820-025-01964-1

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© The Author(s) 2026

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 12 — a A schematic illustration of the photo-charge and discharge mechanism in self-powered photo-SCs. Comparison of CV of assembled device in four bending states b in the dark and c under light illumination. Reproduced with permission [165].

Copyright 2023, Elsevier Ltd. d NiCo@WTs electrodes for photo-assisted rechargeable SCs are prepared. e Photo-charge for 400 s and galvanostatic discharge at different current densities. f Photo-charge and galvanostatic discharge at 0.13 mA cm⁻² in dark and illuminated conditions. Reproduced with permission [195]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier B.V