Table 1. Baseline biochemical and procedural characteristics and medications and lifestyle of the study participants.
| Variable | Total (n = 860) |
HPR group (n = 335) |
NPR group (n = 224) |
LPR group (n = 301) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |||||
| Age, years | 63.81 ± 10.17 | 63.86 ± 9.83 | 63.66 ± 10.15 | 63.86 ± 10.58 | 0.96 |
| Age >75 years | 136 (15.81%) | 48 (14.32%) | 33 (14.73%) | 55 (18.27%) | 0.35 |
| Female | 257 (29.88%) | 126 (37.61%) | 58 (25.89%) | 73 (24.25%) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.11 ± 3.30 | 24.52 ± 3.30 | 24.22 ± 3.38 | 23.58 ± 3.22 | 0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 133.15 ± 22.59 | 135.43 ± 21.99 | 133.70 ± 22.33 | 130.20 ± 23.18 | 0.013 |
| DBP, mmHg | 78.17 ± 12.67 | 79.06 ± 12.15 | 78.77 ± 12.85 | 76.74 ± 13.02 | 0.050 |
| Hypertension | 614 (71.40%) | 254 (75.82%) | 163 (72.77%) | 197 (65.45%) | 0.013 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 429 (49.88%) | 178 (53.13%) | 118 (52.68%) | 133 (44.19%) | 0.049 |
| Smokers | 463 (53.84%) | 159 (47.46%) | 126 (56.25%) | 178 (59.14%) | 0.009 |
| PVD | 363 (42.21%) | 152 (45.37%) | 100 (44.64%) | 111 (36.87%) | 0.066 |
| Heart failure (I–III) |
158 (18.37%) | 59 (17.61%) | 38 (26.34%) | 61 (20.27%) | 0.57 |
| eGFR base line (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 71.84 ± 30.41 | 70.73 ± 28.00 | 74.52 ± 37.43 | 71.08 ± 25.71 | 0.31 |
| CKD | 49 (5.70%) | 19 (2.21%) | 13 (5.80%) | 17 (1.98%) | 0.99 |
| TIA/Stroke | 118 (13.72%) | 45 (13.43%) | 35 (15.63%) | 38 (12.62%) | 0.60 |
| Previous PCI | 104 (12.09%) | 51 (15.22%) | 35 (15.63%) | 18 (5.98%) | <0.001 |
| Previous CABG | 5 (0.58%) | 2 (0.23%) | 1 (0.45%) | 2 (0.66%) | 0.95 |
| ACS | 535 (62.21%) | 223 (66.57%) | 151 (67.41%) | 160 (53.16%) | <0.001 |
| Angiographic data and treatment | |||||
| LCA | 65 (7.56%) | 28 (7.89%) | 13 (5.80%) | 24 (7.16%) | 0.51 |
| LAD | 804 (93.49%) | 308 (91.94%) | 212 (94.64%) | 284 (94.35%) | 0.34 |
| IABP | 11 (1.28%) | 5 (1.49%) | 2 (0.89%) | 4 (1.33%) | 0.82 |
| Laboratory | |||||
| WBC,109 /L | 8.18 ± 3.37 | 7.73 ± 2.64 | 8.10 ± 3.48 | 8.76 ± 3.88 | <0.001 |
| Hb, g/L | 131.24 ± 17.77 | 128.81 ± 17.64 | 132.62 ± 17.32 | 132.94 ± 18.11 | 0.006 |
| Platelet | 211.41 ± 61.96 | 208.77 ± 60.41 | 210.67 ± 59.03 | 214.89 ± 65.53 | 0.46 |
| LDL cholesterol | 2.31 ± 0.87 | 2.28 ± 0.89 | 2.25 ± 0.76 | 2.39 ± 0.87 | 0.16 |
| HDL cholesterol | 1.14 ± 0.27 | 1.14 ± 0.26 | 1.12 ± 0.28 | 1.14 ± 0.26 | 0.72 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.74 ± 1.36 | 1.83 ± 1.47 | 1.69 ± 1.30 | 1.67 ± 1.20 | 0.29 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.43 ± 1.26 | 4.43 ± 1.40 | 4.33 ± 1.08 | 4.49 ± 1.18 | 0.40 |
| Baseline LVEF, % | 57.49 ± 12.01 | 58.78 ± 11.20 | 57.52 ± 12.05 | 55.92 ± 11.34 | 0.007 |
| VASP-PRI, % | 37.4 ± 24.3 | 63.34 ± 11.62 | 34.17 ± 0.06 | 10.13 ± 8.90 | <0.001 |
| Medications | |||||
| Ticagrelor | 250 (29.07%) | 21 (6.25%) | 54 (24.11%) | 175 (58.14%) | <0.001 |
| ACEI | 582 (67.67%) | 233 (69.55%) | 149 (66.52%) | 200 (65.79%) | 0.64 |
| ARB | 133 (15.47%) | 62 (18.51%) | 34 (15.18%) | 37 (12.29%) | 0.095 |
| Beta-blocker | 696 (80.93%) | 268 (80.00%) | 182 (81.25%) | 246 (81.73%) | 0.85 |
| Calcium antagonist | 287 (33.37%) | 133 (39.70%) | 70 (31.25%) | 84 (27.91%) | 0.005 |
| Statins | 850 (98.84%) | 333 (99.40%) | 218 (97.32%) | 299 (99.34%) | 0.048 |
| GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors | 377 (43.84%) | 133 (39.70%) | 89 (39.73%) | 155 (51.49%) | 0.004 |
| Nitrates | 423 (49.19%) | 165 (49.25%) | 110 (49.11%) | 148 (49.17%) | 0.99 |
| Proton pump inhibitor | 708 (82.33%) | 274 (81.79%) | 117 (52.23%) | 257 (85.38%) | <0.001 |
Notes.
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or number of patients or percent (%).
- BMI
- body mass index
- SBP
- systolic blood pressure
- DBP
- diastolic blood pressure
- PVD
- peripheral vascular disease
- CKD
- chronic kidney disease
- TIA
- transient ischemic attack
- PCI
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- CABG
- coronary artery bypass grafting
- ACS
- acute coronary syndrome
- LCA
- left coronary artery
- LAD
- left anterior descending artery
- IABP
- intra-aortic balloon pump
- WBC
- white blood cell
- Hb
- hemoglobin
- LDL
- low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- HDL
- high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- LVEF
- left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
- VASP-PRI
- vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein-platelet reactivity index
- ACEI
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
- ARB
- angiotensin receptor blocker