Cytokine measurements in plasma. Several interleukins, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), gamma interferon (IFN gamma), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) were measured. Open circles, uninfected rats that received a “high-continuous” infusion of Cpl-1; filled diamonds, infected rats that were not treated; filled circles, infected rats treated with “high-continuous” Cpl-1; filled squares, infected rats treated with vancomycin.