FIG. 1.

β-Defensins inhibit HIV replication. hBD1, hBD2, and hBD3 were used at concentrations ranging from 100 to 4 μg/ml to treat PBMC for 1 h prior to and after infection with HIV-1 BaL (R5) (A, C, and E) or IIIB (X4) (B, D, and F). RANTES, a CCR5 ligand (A, C, and E), or T20, a fusion inhibitor (B, D, and F) was used as a positive control. Cells were then infected for 2 h with 500 TCID₅₀ of HIV-1, and infection was monitored by assaying supernatants for HIV p24 production by ELISA at the times indicated. Shown here are averages of three experiments. Bars indicate the ranges of the mean values.