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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Jan 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Pers Soc Psychol. 2025 Sep 18;130(5):1047–1061. doi: 10.1037/pspp0000576

Table 2.

Bivariate correlations between homotypic temperament and personality traits across all waves.

Agreeableness
Age 14 16 19 21 23 26
Affiliation 10 .22 .22 .15 .13 .14 .35
12 .40 .26 .21 .20 .23 .22
14 .65 .42 .31 .37 .36 .25
16 .57 .69 .49 .40 .54 .37
Conscientiousness
Age 14 16 19 21 23 26
Effortful Control 10 .23 .20 .16 .08 .18 .17
12 .49 .39 .22 .20 .16 .09
14 .74 .51 .33 .32 .35 .30
16 .50 .73 .48 .42 .49 .43
Neuroticism
Age 14 16 19 21 23 26
Negative Emotionality 10 .19 .18 .18 .20 .16 .10
12 .29 .30 .24 .22 .20 .20
14 .56 .43 .34 .30 .33 .24
16 .50 .72 .41 .41 .46 .41
Extraversion
Age 14 16 19 21 23 26
Surgency 10 .14 .11 .06 .14 .10 .04
12 .28 .24 .11 .10 .16 .07
14 .56 .42 .36 .27 .31 .16
16 .45 .52 .47 .35 .39 .24
Openness
Surgency Age 14 16 19 21 23 26
10 −.01 −.14 −.02 −.05 −.08 −.08
12 .17 .07 .04 −.02 .06 .00
14 .42 .26 .22 .08 .23 .12
16 .31 .40 .32 .17 .31 .19

Note. Cell colors correspond to strength of correlation; grey values are not significant (p-values ≥ .01).