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. 2005 May 10;113(9):1190–1195. doi: 10.1289/ehp.7691

Table 5.

Economic savings (year 2000 dollars) per cohort estimated from the Grosse et al. (2002) IQ model according to dose–response specification.

Study Benefit/cohort (billions $) 95% CIa
Grosse et al. (2002) linear lead 213.83 147.27–280.39
Pooled analysis, linear lead 148.58 82.18–215.82
Pooled analysis, natural-log lead 318.98 196.30–441.67
a

CIs cannot be used to compare linear and log lead specifications because the linear specification is incorrect and the 95% CI calculated from it suffers from uncorrected residual heteroskedasticity.