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. 2025 Dec 16;16:1774. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-31285-7

Table 7.

The performance and complexity comparison between the proposed CACU model vs state-of-the-art approaches.

Crop Model/approach name A MIoU P R NPM
% % % % Million
Carrot DeepLabV3++28 84.3 – – – 11.85
Adapted-IV39 93.9 – – – 25
AgNet9 88.9 – – 0.25
RRUDC10 95.40 – 95.43 98.82 0.655
Proposed CAUC 98.38 80.5 97.51 97.27 0.377
Sugar Beet Deep encoder-decoder CNN(Bonn)53 94.74 80.1 – – –
UNet-ResNet50(dice + focal)29 96.06 85.25 92.28 92.21 20.67
Bonnet26 99.32 77.47 – – 1.1
UNet-ResNet5021 – 67.0 – – 20.67
Proposed CAUC 98.51 80.75 97.54 97.50 0.377
Sun flower VGG-UNet31 90.0 64.0 – – –
Bonnet21 – 70.0 1.1
UNet-ResNet5021 – 43.0 20.67
Bonnet26 99.02 68.98 – – 1.1
Proposed CAUC 99.10 81.1 99.14 99.10 0.377

A - Accuracy, P – Precision, R - Recall, S – Model Size, NPM - Number of Parameters generated by the Model, - Not given in the paper.