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. 2025 Dec 16;16:1774. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-31285-7

Table 8.

Comparison of results attained in the ablation study on the proposed CAUC model.

Ver. no Model name Size NPM Validation time Test time Observation
FS MIoU FS MIoU Performance Computational complexity
MB Million (%) (%) (%) (%)
V1 CAUC-wo-CBAM_AG_LCB 63.4 5.51 98.84 80.05 96.89 78.52 High Very High
V2 CAUC-wo-CBAM_AG 4.1 0.281 96.27 75.26 94.74 73.12 Low ~ 93.53% less than V1
V3 CAUC-wo-AG 4.3 0.288 97.70 79.11 95.82 77.55

Improved over V2

Less than V1

Slightly increased from V2
V4 CAUC-wo-CBAM 5.26 0.370 97.69 79.21 95.74 77.65

Improved over V2

Less than V1

Slightly increased from V2 & V3
V5 Actual proposed CAUC model 5.6 0.377 99.05 81.02 96.92 80.2 Higher than all Slightly increased from V3 & V4.