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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Jan 17.
Published in final edited form as: J Offender Rehabil. 2022 Jun 8;61(5):245–262. doi: 10.1080/10509674.2022.2082623

Table 2.

Patterns of Communication between Probation Officer and Provider Dyads

Total (n=164)
%(n)
Urban County (n=108)
%(n)
Rural County (n=56)
%(n)

Nature of contact and information sharing with providers
 Provide progress reports** 50.00 (82) 58.33 (63) 33.93 (19)
 Connect to services** 62.20 (102) 69.44 (75) 48.21 (27)
 Ensuring compliance 61.59 (101) 61.11 (66) 62.50 (35)
 Other** 12.20 (20) 17.59 (19) 1.79 (1)
 Does not contact* 10.37 (17) 6.48 (7) 17.86 (10)
 Multiple reasons* 89.63 (147) 93.52 (101) 82.14 (46)
Officer shares information with providers * 74.39 (122) 79.63 (86) 64.29 (36)
Frequency of sharing information with providers
 A couple times a week 9.15 (15) 9.26 (10) 8.93 (5)
 Once a week 11.59 (19) 10.19 (11) 14.29 (8)
 Once a month 32.93 (54) 37.96 (41) 23.21 (13)
 Once every couple of months 20.73 (34) 22.22 (24) 17.86 (10)
 Does not share 25.61 (42) 20.37 (22) 35.71 (20)
Provider shares information with officers 72.56 (119) 75.00 (81) 67.86 (38)
Frequency of providers sharing information with officers
 A couple times a week 8.54 (14) 6.48 (7) 12.50 (9)
 Once a week 15.24 (25) 14.81 (16) 16.07 (9)
 Once a month 29.88 (49) 31.48 (34) 26.79 (15)
 Once every couple of months 18.90 (31) 22.22 (24) 12.50 (7)
 Does not share 27.44 (45) 25.00 (27) 32.14 (18)
Officer seeks advice from provider 52.44 (86) 51.85 (56) 53.57 (30)
Frequency of officer seeking advice from provider
 A couple times a week 2.44 (4) 2.78 (3) 1.79 (1)
 Once a week 9.15 (15) 6.48 (7) 14.29 (8)
 Once a month 23.78 (39) 25.00 (27) 21.43 (12)
 Once every couple of months 17.07 (28) 17.59 (19) 16.07 (9)
 Does not seek advice 47.56 48.15 (52) 46.43 (26)
Provider seeks advice from officer 34.15 (56) 37.04 (40) 28.57 (16)
Frequency of provider seeking advice from officer
 A couple times a week 0 0 0
 Once a week 9.15 (15) 8.33 (9) 10.71 (6)
 Once a month 11.59 (19) 12.04 (13) 10.71 (6)
 Once every couple of months 13.41 (22) 16.67 (18) 7.14 (4)
 Does not seek advice 65.85 (108) 62.96 (68) 71.43 (40)
Provider and officer collaborate to problem-solve 48.78 (80) 51.85 (56) 42.86 (24)
Frequency of provider-officer collaboration to problem-solve
 A couple times a week 1.83 (3) 2.78 (3) 0
 Once a week 6.10 (10) 3.70 (4) 10.71 (6)
 Once a month 25.61 (42) 30.56 (33) 16.07 (9)
 Once every couple of months 15.24 (25) 14.81 (16) 16.07 (9)
 Do not collaborate 51.22 (84) 48.15 (52) 57.14 (32)
*

p<.05,

**

p<.01