Box 5.

Management of renal tubular acidosis

• Alkali therapy in small doses: 1-2 mmol/kg, target plasma [HCO3-]>20 mmol/L

to heal bones

to prevent stones/limit progression of nephrocalcinosis

• K+ supplements may be necessary

• Vitamin D may be necessary

• Thiazide diuretics may help in proximal form

• Long-term follow-up for renal stone complications