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. 2026 Jan 6;12:1679180. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1679180

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Copyright © 2026 Hou, Liu, Hou, Ping, He, Chen, Tian, Qin, Zhou, Xu and Ruan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Bar graphs comparing MUNSH scores for positive and negative emotions before and after intervention. The left graph shows higher positive scores in the study group after intervention. The right graph shows lower negative scores in the study group after intervention. Control group bars are black, study group bars are purple. Statistical significance is indicated with asterisks. — Subjective wellbeing in both groups. ^**p < 0.01; ns indicates that the difference was not significant.