Table 1.
Research participant characteristics
| Variable | Non-sarcopenic obesity (n = 2109) | Sarcopenic obesity (n = 266) |
χ2/Z | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 66.00(63.00, 72.00) | 68.00(64.00, 73.00) | −2.352 | 0.019 |
| Gender | 25.073 | < 0.001 | ||
| Male | 1274(60.40) | 118(44.40) | ||
| Female | 835(39.60) | 148(55.60) | ||
| Marriage [n(%)] | 6.686 | 0.010 | ||
| Divorced or widowed | 563(26.70) | 91(34.20) | ||
| Married | 1546(73.30) | 175(65.80) | ||
| Place of residence [n(%)] | 4.881 | 0.027 | ||
| Urban | 773(36.70) | 116(43.60) | ||
| Rural | 1336(63.30) | 150(56.40) | ||
| Heart disease [n(%)] | 25.593 | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 440(20.90) | 92(34.60) | ||
| No | 1669(79.10) | 174(65.40) | ||
| Stroke [n(%)] | 9.335 | 0.002 | ||
| Yes | 76(3.60) | 20(7.50) | ||
| No | 2033(96.40) | 246(92.50) | ||
| Arthritis [n(%)] | 5.146 | 0.023 | ||
| Yes | 947(44.90) | 139(52.30) | ||
| No | 1162(55.10) | 127(47.70) | ||
| Dyslipidemia [n(%)] | 29.912 | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 427(20.20) | 93(35.00) | ||
| No | 1682(79.80) | 173(65.00) | ||
| Liver disease [n(%)] | 4.196 | 0.041 | ||
| Yes | 129(6.10) | 25(9.40) | ||
| No | 1980(93.90) | 241(90.60) | ||
| Hypertension [n(%)] | 22.818 | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 421(20.00) | 87(32.70) | ||
| No | 1688(80.00) | 179(67.30) | ||
| Diabetes [n(%)] | 17.324 | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 137(6.50) | 36(13.50) | ||
| No | 1972(93.50) | 230(86.50) | ||
| Drinking history [n(%)] | 11.139 | 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 808(38.30) | 74(27.80) | ||
| No | 1301(61.70) | 192(72.20) | ||
| Smoking history [n(%)] | 28.696 | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 725(34.40) | 48(18.00) | ||
| No | 1384(65.60) | 218(82.00) | ||
| Hospitalization in the past 12 months [n(%)] | 6.868 | 0.009 | ||
| Yes | 341(16.20) | 60(22.60) | ||
| No | 1768(83.80) | 206(77.40) | ||
| Falls in the past 12 months [n(%)] | 15.605 | <0.001 | ||
| Yes | 368(17.40) | 73(27.40) | ||
| No | 1741(82.60) | 193(72.60) | ||
| Depressive status [n(%)] | 20.076 | <0.001 | ||
| Yes | 684(32.40) | 123(46.20) | ||
| No | 1425(67.60) | 143(53.80) | ||
| Education level [n(%)] | 13.209 | 0.008 | ||
| Illiterate | 990(46.90) | 148(55.60) | ||
| Primary school | 556(26.40) | 72(27.10) | ||
| Junior high school | 369(17.50) | 30(11.30) | ||
| Senior high school or vocational | 156(7.40) | 11(4.10) | ||
| College or above | 38(1.80) | 5(1.90) | ||
| Self-care ability [n(%)] | 39.122 | <0.001 | ||
| Independent | 1662(78.80) | 163(61.30) | ||
| Mildly dependent | 354(16.80) | 83(31.20) | ||
| Moderately dependent | 75(3.60) | 14(5.30) | ||
| Severely dependent | 18(0.90) | 6(2.30) | ||
| SBP(mmHg) | 129.50(116.00,144.50) | 134.00(121.00,150.63) | -4.060 | <0.001 |
| DBP(mmHg) | 74.00(67.00,82.00) | 76.00(69.88,83.63) | -3.605 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference(cm) | 84.40(77.80,91.20) | 96.00(90.45,101.00) | -16.350 | <0.001 |
| TG(mg/dl) | 102.65(76.99,148.67) | 134.51(93.81,184.51) | -6.541 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C(mg/dl) | 50.58(43.63,58.69) | 45.95(40.83,53.28) | -6.175 | <0.001 |
| FBG(mg/dl) | 95.50(88.29,104.50) | 99.10(91.89,109.91) | -5.160 | <0.001 |
| UA(mg/dl) | 4.90(4.00,5.90) | 5.00(4.20,6.40) | -2.046 | 0.041 |
| CYSC(mg/l) | 0.89(0.77,0.99) | 0.93(0.81,1.03) | -3.382 | 0.001 |
| CRP(mg/l) | 1.30(0.75,2.50) | 1.90(1.00,3.00) | -4.695 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c(%) | 5.80(5.60,6.10) | 6.00(5.60,6.50) | -3.623 | <0.001 |
| TyG | 8.51(8.17,8.92) | 8.85(8.43,9.21) | -7.065 | <0.001 |
| Pace(m/s) | 3.11(2.65,3.73) | 3.54(2.83,4.40) | -6.327 | <0.001 |
Remark: SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, TG Triglycerides, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, FBG Fasting blood glucose, UA Uric acid, CYSC Cystatin C, CRP C-reactive protein, HbA1c Glycated hemoglobin, TyG Triglyceride-glucose index