Table 2.
Descriptive characteristics of participants according to TyG index tertiles.
| Parameter | T1 (6.87-8.04) | T2 (8.05-8.44) | T3 (8.45-9.44) | Bonferroni age and BMI adjusted p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 1356 | 1862 | 1647 | |
| Age (year) | 14.60 ± 1.65 | 14.46 ± 1.59a | 14.40 ± 1.58a | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.3 ± 5.1 | 22.3 ± 5.7a | 23.9 ± 6.2ab | |
| BMI Z-Score | -0.22 ± 0.86 | -0.05 ± 0.9a | 0.23 ± 1.1ab | |
| SBP (mmHg) | 114.4 ± 14.9 | 115.9 ± 15.6a | 116.7 ± 15.6a | 0.219 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 70.8 ± 12.1 | 71.3 ± 11.8 | 70.8 ± 11.4 | 0.046 |
| FG (mmol/l) | 4.8 ± 0.5 | 5.1 ± 0.5a | 5.3 ± 0.6ab | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1a | 1.6 ± 0.5ab | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 4.2 ± 0.7a | 4.3 ± 1ab | <0.001 |
| HDL–C (mmol/l) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.96 ± 0.3a | <0.001 |
| LDL–C (mmol/l) | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 2.5 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 0.7ab | <0.001 |
| TyG index | 7.8 ± 0.2 | 8.2 ± 0.1a | 8.8 ± 0.3ab | <0.001 |
| RC (mmol/l) | 0.31 ± 0.05 | 0.43 ± 0.07a | 0.72 ± 0.22ab | <0.001 |
| VD (nmol/l) | 36.5 ± 15.9 | 32 ± 15.8 | 29 ± 14.9ab | 0.007 |
| VDD N (%) | 1130 (85.8) | 1553 (85.5) | 1423 (89.2)ab | 0.003 |
Group comparisons were conducted using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal–Wallis tests where appropriate for continuous variables and χ2 tests for categorical variables, Bonferroni-adjusted p-values are reported. Data are presented as the means ± SDs, and the p value is significant at the 0.05 level. Superscripts a and b represented significance from T1 and T2 respectively. BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TG, triglycerides; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FG, fasting glucose; TyG index, triglyceride-glucose index; RC, remnant cholesterol; VD, vitamin D; VDD, vitamin D deficiency.