Table 1.

Sociodemographic information for chronic tinnitus patients with or without hearing loss.

Variable	Total		HL		No HL
	(N = 678)		(n = 325)		(n = 353)
	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
Age	51.7	12.2	57.2	9.5	46.6	12.3	p <.001
	n	%	n	%HL	n	%noHL
Gender
Male	332	49.0	165	50.9	167	47.3	-
Female	345	50.9	159	49.1	186	52.7	-
Duration of tinnitus
<1/2 year	83	12.2	36	11.1	47	13.3	-
1/2–1 year	148	21.8	47	14.5	101	28.6	p <.001
1–2 years	96	14.2	36	11.1	60	17.0	p <.05
2–3 years	45	6.6	19	5.9	26	7.4	-
3–4 years	35	5.2	15	4.6	20	5.7	-
>4 years	270	39.8	171	52.8	99	28.0	p <.05
Education
None	6	0.9	5	1.5	1	0.3	-
Primary school	9	1.3	7	2.2	2	0.3	-
General school	41	6.0	27	8.3	14	4.0	p <.05
O-levels	116	17.1	72	22.2	44	12.5	p <.05
A-levels	61	9.0	20	6.2	41	11.6	p <.05
Apprenticeship	142	20.9	75	23.1	67	19.0	-
Polytechnic degree	74	10.9	33	10.2	41	11.6	-
University degree	228	33.6	85	26.2	143	40.5	p <.01
Nationality
German	619	91.3	302	93.2	317	89.8	-
Other	58	8.6	22	6.8	36	10.2	-
Relationship status
Single	162	23.9	48	14.8	114	32.3	p <.001
In partnership	69	10.1	22	6.8	47	13.3	p <.01
Married	330	48.7	183	56.5	147	41.6	p <.001
Separated	14	2.1	7	2.2	7	2.0	-
Divorced	85	12.5	51	15.7	34	9.6	p <.05
Widowed	17	2.5	13	4.0	4	1.1	p <.05
Employment status
Employed	478	70.5	209	64.5	269	76.2	p <.01
Unemployed	199	29.4	115	35.5	84	23.8	p <.01

Notes. Comparisons were made using a Univariate Analysis of Variance (age) and Pearson’s χ² and post-hoc Z-Tests for independent proportions (nominal variables). Boldened numbers illustrate higher frequency (proportions) in the respective patient subgroup. M = mean, SD = standard deviation, HL = hearing loss.

^†GBD expert group classification⁵³.