Table 6.
Inhibitory effect of nanoemulsion-based plant hexane extract formulations (NHEFs) on survival rate and shoot and root length of Amaranthus tricolor and Echinochloa crus-galli at 7 days after treatments in a Petri-dish test.
| NHEFs1 | Concentrations (%) | Amaranthus tricolortricolor | Echinochloa crus-galli | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival rate (% of control) |
Shoot length (% of control) |
Root length (% of control) |
Survival rate (% of control) |
Shoot length (% of control) |
Root length (% of control) |
||
| NHEF-1 | 0.001 | 67.5 ± 13.9 | 78.4 ± 14.2 | 80.9 ± 12.2 | - | - | - |
| 0.01 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | - | 92.5 ± 8.9 | 72.0 ± 5.6 | 77.8 ± 2.6 | |
| 0.1 | - | - | - | 88.0 ± 6.4 | 50.1 ± 12.5 | 37.0 ± 1.8 | |
| 1 | - | - | - | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | - | |
| NHEF-2 | 0.001 | 65.0 ± 12.0 | 76.9 ± 13.8 | 81.7 ± 4.3 | - | - | - |
| 0.01 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | - | 97.5 ± 4.6 | 71.1 ± 9.8 | 73.8 ± 2.6 | |
| 0.1 | - | - | - | 84 ± 10.9 | 37.0 ± 10.9 | 41.7 ± 5.0 | |
| 1 | - | - | - | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | - | |
| NHEF-3 | 0.001 | 67.5 ± 11.6 | 72.7 ± 7.9 | 82.1 ± 10.5 | - | - | - |
| 0.01 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | - | 97.5 ± 4.6 | 71.8 ± 3.5 | 75.2 ± 4.4 | |
| 0.1 | - | - | - | 89.3 ± 6.2 | 31.9 ± 6.8 | 45.1 ± 4.5 | |
| 1 | - | - | - | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | - | |
| NHEF-4 | 0.001 | 62.5 ± 13.9 | 71.0 ± 4.0 | 81.7 ± 10.3 | - | - | - |
| 0.01 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | - | 97.5 ± 4.6 | 74.1 ± 2.8 | 72.5 ± 2.3 | |
| 0.1 | - | - | - | 74.6 ± 10.7 | 18.8 ± 3.3 | 46.9 ± 3.3 | |
| 1 | - | - | - | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | - | |
| NHEF-5 | 0.001 | 60.0 ± 7.6 | 73.0 ± 8.6 | 80.1 ± 13.3 | - | - | - |
| 0.01 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | - | 95.0 ± 5.3 | 73.2 ± 2.9 | 71.3 ± 3.2 | |
| 0.1 | - | - | - | 77.3 ± 10.3 | 16.4 ± 2.8 | 49.5 ± 3.2 | |
| 1 | - | - | - | 0.0 ± 0.0 | - | - | |
1NHEFs are the mixture of various nanoemulsion-based plant hexane extract (NHEs) with different ratios, NHEF-1 (NHE-S : NHE-L = 4:0), NHEF-2 (NHE-S : NHE-L = 3:1), NHEF-1 (NHE-S : NHE-L = 2:2), NHEF-1 (NHE-S : NHE-L = 1:3), NHEF-1 (NHE-S : NHE-L = 0:4).