Table 1.
Antimicrobial resistance patterns of S. aureus strains isolated from human samples and their susceptibility to thymoquinone.
| Strain code No. |
Antimicrobial resistance pattern | NO. of drugs to which the strain was resistant | Thymo-quinone | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMC | AMP | FEP | L | AZM | CN | CTX | DA | TOB | SAM | OFX | DO | SXT | C | LNZ | TPZ | IZD (mm) |
MIC µg/mL |
||
| UR1 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | r | r | s | s | s | s | 11 | 34 | 12 |
| UR2 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | r | r | r | s | 14 | 42 | 12 |
| UR3 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | s | r | r | r | r | s | r | 13 | 34 | 6 |
| UR4 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | r | s | s | s | 12 | 40 | 4 |
| UR5 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | s | s | r | s | s | 11 | 30 | 1 |
| UR6 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | 15 | 6 | 4 |
| UR7 | r | r | r | s | r | r | r | s | r | r | r | r | r | s | s | s | 11 | 6 | 2 |
| UR8 | r | r | r | r | s | r | r | r | r | r | s | s | s | s | s | r | 10 | 18 | 0 |
| UR9 | r | r | r | r | r | s | s | r | s | s | s | r | r | r | s | s | 9 | 35 | 2 |
| UR10 | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | r | s | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | 13 | 11 | 3 |
| UR11 | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | r | s | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | 13 | 11 | 3 |
| PU1 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | r | r | s | s | s | s | 11 | 14 | 0 |
| PU2 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | s | s | s | s | r | 11 | 25 | 4 |
| PU3 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | s | r | s | 13 | 50 | 10 |
| PU4 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | s | r | r | 14 | 46 | 9 |
| PU5 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | r | s | r | r | r | r | s | 13 | 8 | 2 |
| PU6 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | s | r | 14 | 6 | 0 |
| PU7 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | r | s | r | s | r | s | s | s | 10 | 35 | 12 |
| PU8 | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | 14 | 23 | 5 |
| PU9 | r | r | s | r | r | r | r | r | r | s | s | r | r | r | r | s | 12 | 20 | 7 |
| Resistance percentage | 100 | 100 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 85 | 90 | 65 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 65 | 50 | 45 | 30 | |||
UR urine, PU pus, r resistant, AMC amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, AMP ampicillin, FEP cefepime, L lincomycin, AZM: azithromycin, CN gentamicin, CTX cefotaxime, DA clindamycin, TOB tobramycin, SAM ampicillin/sulbactam, OFX ofloxacin, DO doxycycline, SXT trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazol, C chloramphenicol, LZD linezolid, TPZ tazobactam, IZD inhibition zone diameter, MIC minimal inhibitory concentration, r resistant, s sensitive. Underlined strains were used for subsequent plasmid curing.