FIG. 2.

(A) Preincubation of endothelium with GXM prior to TNF-α stimulation leads to a decrease in PMN adhesion. HUVEC monolayers were incubated with GXM for 1 h at 37°C, after which TNF-α was added to a final concentration of 10 ng/ml and left for another 6 h. After three washes, fluorescent PMN were added and left for 15 min at 37°C. After washing, adherent cells were counted by means of fluorescence microscopy. The results of three experiments were averaged and expressed as percentages of the value for the positive control (i.e., adhesion of PMN to HUVEC treated with TNF-α alone = 100%). ∗, P < 0.05. (B) GXM is able to bind to HUVEC. Unstimulated and TNF-α-stimulated HUVEC were incubated with FITC-labeled GXM for 20 min. After washing, fluorescently stained cells were evaluated by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. The results of five experiments were averaged. ∗, P < 0.05. The error bars represent standard deviations.