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. 2026 Jan 8;12:1714827. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1714827

Table 3.

Effects of small peptide supplementation on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in Simmental beef cattle (n = 10).

Items Experimental treatments SEM P-value
CON 0.20% 0.40% 0.60% 0.80% 1.00%
IBW (kg) 335.8 337.2 334.7 336.9 331.8 335.2 14.16 0.683
FBW (kg) 609.4 614.4 620.9 639.3 634.2 631.3 18.27 0.104
ADFI (kg/d) 8.31 8.47 8.59 8.65 8.69 8.78 0.18 0.267
ADG (kg/d) 1.52 1.54 1.59 1.68 1.68 1.65 0.073 0.084
FCR 5.47a 5.50a 5.40a 5.15b 5.17b 5.34a 0.63 0.037
DM (%) 58.66 59.21 59.46 60.23 59.64 58.31 1.094 0.216
NDF (%) 64.24b 64.18b 64.34b 65.97a 65.85a 64.21b 0.541 0.043
ADF (%) 52.62 53.33 53.89 55.21 55.13 54.36 1.273 0.338
EE (%) 66.23 66.31 67.29 66.88 67.21 66.41 3.632 0.527
CP (%) 63.37 63.76 63.23 64.12 64.34 63.27 1.113 0.143
Ca (%) 44.09 44.12 44.78 44.96 45.21 45.06 2.371 0.356
P (%) 43.32 42.21 43.37 42.01 42.64 42.63 1.484 0.316

a,b Means within a row with different letters differed significantly (p < 0.05); SEM, standard error of the mean; CON, control diet; DM, dry matter; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; ADF, acid detergent fiber; EE, ether extracts; CP, crude protein; Ca, calcium; P, phosphorus.