Fig. 2.

AI model recognition of LP and LPF in esophageal biopsies. Original hematoxylin and eosin stains showing biopsy samples from EoE patients without LPF (A) and with LPF (B). Notice the delicate, thin, normal collagen fibers in A in contrast with the thick, hyalinized collagen bundles in B. AI model semantic segmentation of the same samples, featuring a predominantly non-fibrotic pattern in the first case (shown in beige, C), compared to the predominantly fibrotic pattern in the second case (shown in orange, D). Epithelial segmentation showing basal layer (dark green) mature squamous epithelium (blue), dilated intercellular spaces (yellow) and eosinophils (light green dots). Abbreviations: AI, artificial intelligence; EoE, eosinophilic esophagitis; LP, lamina propria; LPF, lamina propria fibrosis. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)