TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics for individuals randomized to booster treatment
| Characteristic | Motor Skill Training (n=40) |
Strength & Flexibility Exercise (n=36) |
|---|---|---|
| Female – no. (%) | 31 (77.5) | 18 (50.0) |
| Age (y) | 39.2 ± 11.0 | 41.1 ± 11.4 |
| Duration of LBP (y) | 9.3 ± 9.2 | 10.4 ± 8.5 |
| Numeric Pain Rating Scale† | ||
| Current | 4.0 ± 1.9 | 4.0 ± 1.6 |
| Average (7 day) | 4.7 ± 1.4 | 4.7 ± 1.9 |
| Worst (7 day) | 6.1 ± 2.1 | 6.9 ± 1.3 |
| Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire‡ | 31.5 ± 11.1 | 29.4 ± 7.5 |
| Current LBP Medication Use – no. (%)§ | 27 (67.5) | 23 (63.9) |
| Equipment Use – no. (%)¶ | 38 (95.0) | 28 (77.8) |
| Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire – physical activity subscale score# | 14.4 ± 6.2 | 14.2 + 4.4 |
| Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire – work subscale score# | 11.3 ± 9.1 | 13.5 ± 8.3 |
| Absenteeism (days)†† | 3.0 ± 5.2 | 2.9 ± 5.0 |
| Stanford Presenteeism Scale‡‡ | ||
| Work Output Score (%) | 88.9 ± 13.4 | 83.1 ± 18.7 |
| Work Impairment Score | 19.4 ± 5.5 | 21.2 ± 6.4 |
| SF-36 Physical Component Score§§ | 42.8 ± 7.0 | 41.3 ± 6.3 |
| SF-36 Mental Component Score§§ | 50.6 ± 11.6 | 50.9 ± 9.4 |
NOTE. Baseline is at the beginning of the trial. Values are mean ± SD or no. (%).
Abbreviations: y, years; no., number; LBP, low back pain;
Numeric Pain Rating Scale ranges from 0–10 with lower scores indicating less pain.
Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire Scores range from 0–100% with lower scores indicating less disability.
Number of people who report medication use for LBP. Includes non-prescription and prescription medication.
Number of people who report equipment use for LBP. Includes orthotics, braces, mobility aids, traction devices, massagers, modalities, furniture, bedding, bathroom aids, or footwear.
Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire physical activity subscale scores range from 0–24 and work subscale scores range from 0–42 with lower scores indicating lower fear avoidance.
Number of days in the past 4 weeks a person was kept from his usual activities due to LBP. Scores range from 0–28 days.
Stanford Presenteeism Scale Work Output Score is the participant’s estimate of the percentage of his usual productivity level during work over the past 4 weeks (0–100%). Work Impairment Score ranges from 10–50 with 10 indicating the lowest degree of impairment.
36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Physical and Mental Component Summary Scores range from 0–100 with higher scores indicating better physical or mental health.