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. 2026 Jan 24;42(1):45. doi: 10.1007/s00381-025-07069-9

Table 3.

Overview of nasopharyngeal airway changes stratified by preoperative and early/late postoperative imaging

Characteristic Preoperative CT imaging Early postoperative imaging Late postoperative imaging p
Total airway volume (mm3) 12,000 (7755–15,067) 20,450 (16,970–22,590) 27,570 (20,890–34,380)  < 0.001*
LeFort III 12,420 (8728–19,758) 22,340 (19,010–26,650) 30,070 (21,850–34,600)  < 0.001*
Monobloc 10,000 (7102–12,119) 19,380 (16,140–21,910) 21,564 (18,240–299,200  < 0.001*
Monobloc with LeFort II 8593 21,170 - -
Nasal airway volume (mm3) 6665 (4656–9430) 12,400 (10,580–13,900) 21,460 (12,780–26,520)  < 0.001*
LeFort III 7897 (6119–12,757) 13,730 (11,330–16,670) 23,850 (17,610–27,900)  < 0.001*
Monobloc 5860 (4298–7924) 12,100 (10,780–13,120) 13,600 (9035–20,353) 0.002*
Monobloc with LeFort II 4409 (3996–6195) 10,580 (7047–11,830) - -
Pharyngeal airway volume (mm3) 4148 (2750–5571) 8153 (6290–9015) 5784 (3218–8516)  < 0.001*
LeFort III 4457 (3281–5958) 8968 (6814–10,220) 5439 (3199–8652) 0.005*
Monobloc 3689 (2361–4467) 7545 (5654–8286) 6829 (5784–8039) 0.012*
Monobloc with LeFort II 4148 8088 - -
Anterior nasal spine-porion length
  Magnitude (mm) 72 (66–77) 91 (85–95) 85 (80–99)  < 0.001*
  Horizontal (mm) 71 (66–76) 91 (85–94) 85 (80–97)  < 0.001*
  Vertical (mm) 9 (5–15) 9 (6–13) 11 (7–19) 0.750*

*p-values are from the Kruskal–Wallis test for non-parametric data, p < 0.05 is considered statistically significant