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. 2025 Sep 16;18(4):1005–1019. doi: 10.1007/s40653-025-00728-8

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics for the continuous variables (n = 297)

Variable Min Max Mean SD
Age, years (baseline) 13 19 16.52 1.64
Beck Depression Inventory sum score (BDI)
  Baseline (BL) 0 52 22.05 12.39
  Follow-up (F/U) 0 52 18.59 13.25
  Change (Δ) −44 40 −3.46 10.77
Brief Resilience Scale baseline mean score (BRS) 1 5 2.79 0.82
TADS baseline sum scores
  Total 2 116 38.57 20.35
  EmoAb 0 19 4.65 3.97
  EmoNg 0 20 6.98 4.19
  PhyNg 0 15 3.66 2.86
  PhyAb 0 15 1.67 2.58
  SexAb 0 16 1.37 2.81
TADS baseline factor scores
  Single-factor model (1f) −2.42 2.48 −0.12 0.95
  EmoAb −2.14 2.87 −0.12 0.93
  EmoNg −2.18 3.02 −0.08 0.97
  PhyNg −2.25 3.41 −0.11 0.96
  PhyAb −1.80 3.38 −0.12 0.95
  SexAb −1.42 3.20 −0.12 0.93
BRS baseline factor score −2.59 2.92 0.03 1.02

BDI Beck Depression Inventory-IA, BRS Brief Resilience Scale, TADS Trauma and Distress Scale, EmoAb Emotional Abuse, EmoNg Emotional Neglect, PhyNg Physical Neglect, PhyAb Physical Abuse, SexAb Sexual Abuse