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. 2002 Oct;70(10):5556–5561. doi: 10.1128/IAI.70.10.5556-5561.2002

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2.

TNF-α bioactivity produced by bovine macrophages 6 h after addition of medium only (negative control), IFN-γ and LPS (positive control), M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. a. ptb) organisms, or M. avium subsp. avium (M. a. a) organisms. Data a represent the mean ± standard deviation of two separate experiments on each of three cows. All tests were conducted in triplicate, and results were averaged. a, statistically different from positive control (P < 0.05); b, statistically different from M. avium subsp. avium-infected macrophages (P < 0.05).