Table 4.
Variation in prevalence and agreement by maternal characteristics, Birth Defects Study To Evaluate Pregnancy exposureS (BD-STEPS), 2018 (n=184).
| Characteristic | Medications used episodically | Medications used chronically | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-reported Prev n (%) | Medical record Prev n (%) | % agree | K (CI) | Sens† (CI) | Spec† (CI) | Self-reported Prev n (%) | Medical record Prev n (%) | % agree | K (CI) | Sens† (CI) | Spec† (CI) | |
| Case/control status | ||||||||||||
| Case | 29 (29.0) | 34 (34.0) | 73.0 | 0.38 (0.18, 0.57) | 52.9 (36, 70) | 83.3 (74, 92) | 21 (21.0) | 19 (19.0) | 92.0 | 0.75 (0.59, 0.91) | 84.2 (68, 100) | 93.8 (89, 99) |
| Control | 17 (20.2) | 23 (27.4) | 78.6 | 0.41 (0.19, 0.64) | 47.8 (27, 68) | 90.2 (83, 98) | 13 (15.5) | 8 (9.5) | 94.0 | 0.73 (0.51, 0.95) | 100.0 -- | 93.4 (88, 99) |
| Age at delivery | ||||||||||||
| < 30 years | 21 (24.1) | 25 (28.7) | 74.7 | 0.35 (0.13, 0.57) | 48.0 (28, 68) | 85.5 (77, 94) | 13 (14.9) | 11 (12.6) | 95.4 | 0.81 (0.62, 0.99) | 90.9 (74, 100) | 96.1 (92, 100) |
| ≥ 30 years | 25 (25.8) | 32 (33.0) | 76.3 | 0.43 (0.24, 0.63) | 53.1 (36, 70) | 87.7 (90, 96) | 21 (21.6) | 16 (16.5) | 90.7 | 0.70 (0.52, 0.88) | 87.5 (71, 100) | 91.4 (85, 97) |
| Educational attainment | ||||||||||||
| High school or less | 15 (20.3) | 21 (28.4) | 75.7 | 0.35 (0.11, 0.58) | 54.6 (38, 72) | 84.6 (76, 93) | 9 (12.2) | 7 (9.5) | 94.6 | 0.72 (0.46, 0.98) | 87.5 (71, 100) | 91.5 (85, 98) |
| More than high school | 28 (28.6) | 33 (33.7) | 74.5 | 0.41 (0.21, 0.60) | 42.9 (22, 64) | 88.7 (80, 97) | 21 (21.5) | 16 (16.3) | 90.8 | 0.70 (0.52, 0.88) | 85.7 (60, 100) | 95.5 (91, 100) |
| Time from delivery to interview | ||||||||||||
| ≤ 6 months | 20 (27.0) | 28 (37.8) | 70.3 | 0.33 (0.11, 0.55) | 46.4 (28, 65) | 84.8 (74, 95) | 14 (18.9) | 15 (20.3) | 93.2 | 0.79 (0.61, 0.97) | 80.0 (60, 100) | 96.6 (92, 100) |
| > 6 months | 26 (23.6) | 29 (26.4) | 79.1 | 0.44 (0.25, 0.64) | 55.2 (37, 73) | 87.7 (80, 95) | 20 (18.2) | 12 (10.9) | 92.7 | 0.71 (0.53, 0.90) | 100.0 -- | 91.8 (86, 97) |
| Interview Language | ||||||||||||
| English | 37 (28.0) | 41 (31.1) | 78.8 | 0.49 (0.33, 0.65) | 61.0 (46, 76) | 86.8 (80, 94) | 28 (21.2) | 32 (31.3) | 92.4 | 0.75 (0.61, 0.90) | 90.9 (79, 100) | 92.7 (88, 98) |
| Spanish | 9 (17.3) | 16 (30.8) | 67.3 | 0.13 (0.00, 0.40) | 25.0 (4, 46) | 86.1 (75, 97) | 6 (11.5) | 5 (9.6) | 94.2 | 0.70 (0.37, 1.00) | 80.0 (45, 100) | 95.7 (90, 100) |
Prev=prevalence; K=kappa coefficient; CI=95% confidence interval, Sens=sensitivity, Spec=specificity
†
Sensitivity and specificity were calculated using medical records as reference standard.