AMR	Antimicrobial resistance
GLASS	Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System
HGT	Horizontal gene transfer
MGE	Mobile genetic element
ARG	Antibiotic resistance gene
WWTP	Wastewater treatment plant
LMIC	Low-to-middle-income country
PPE	Personal protective equipment
NP	Nanoparticle
AMP	Antimicrobial peptide
AI	Artificial intelligence
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
Ag+	Silver ions
TiO2	Titanium dioxide
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
DMCT	Demeclocycline hydrochloride
MDR	Multidrug-resistant
FDA	Food and drug administration
MOA	Mechanism of action
CADD	Computer aided drug design
ML	Machine learning