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. 2025 Dec 19;15(1):1. doi: 10.3390/antiox15010001
AGER Advanced Glycation End Receptor
ALKBH5 AlkB Homolog 5
ALOX12 Arachidonic Acid 12-Lipoxygenase
AMPK Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase
Ang-I Angiotensin-I
Ang-II Angiotensin-II
ARE Antioxidant Response Element
BRB Blood-Retinal Barrier
CA Carnosic Acid
CFL2 Actin-Binding Protein-2 (Cofilin-2)
COR Corilagin
CoQ10 Coenzyme Q10
CoQ10H2 Reduced Form of Coenzyme Q10
DC Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
DM Diabetes Mellitus
DMT1 Divalent Metal Transporter 1
DN Diabetic Nephropathy
DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DR Diabetic Retinopathy
Fer-1 Ferrostatin-1
FPN Ferroportin
FSP1 Ferroptosis Suppressor Protein 1
FTH1 Ferritin Heavy Chain 1
FTO Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene
GFAP Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
GPX4 Glutathione Peroxidase 4
GSH Glutathione
GSTZ1 GSH-Transferase Zeta 1
H3K27ac Histone H3 Lysine 27 Acetylation
HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c
HG High Glucose
HMGB1 High Mobility Group Box 1 Protein
HO-1 Heme Oxygenase-1
HRMECs Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells
IRP/IRE Iron-Regulatory Protein/Iron-Responsive Element
Keap1 Kelch-like ECH-associated Protein 1
LATS1/2 Large Tumor Suppressor Kinase 1/2
LIP Labile Iron Pool
LX-1 Liproxstatin-1
MAGEA6 Melanoma Antigen Family A 6
MDA Malondialdehyde
m6A N6-Methyladenosine
ncRNA Non-Coding RNA
NCOA4 Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 4
NOX NADPH Oxidase
Nrf2 Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2
•OH Hydroxyl Radical
PDR Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
PI3K-Akt Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase–Protein Kinase B
PUFA Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid
RMECs Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells
ROS Reactive Oxygen Species
RPECs Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
RPE Retinal Pigment Epithelium
RSV Resveratrol
SESN2 Sestrin2
SLC3A2 Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2
SLC7A11 Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11
STAT6 Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6
STEAP3 Six-Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of Prostate 3
STZ Streptozotocin
TAZ Transcriptional Co-activator with PDZ-Binding Motif
TfR1 Transferrin Receptor 1
T1DM Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
T2DM Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
TXNIP Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein
VEGF Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
VKORC1L1 Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase Complex Subunit 1-Like 1
WNT2 Wnt Signaling Pathway Protein 2
YAP Yes-Associated Protein
ZFAS1 Zinc Finger Antisense 1