| aNAAT | Automated nucleic acid amplification test |
| AUC | Area under the curve |
| BALF | Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid |
| BDQ | Bedaquiline |
| CAPAs | Corrective and preventive actions |
| CFZ | Clofazimine |
| CrI | Credible interval |
| DALY | Disability-adjusted life year |
| DR-TB | Drug-resistant tuberculosis |
| DST | Drug susceptibility testing |
| dUTP | Deoxyuridine triphosphate |
| EHR | Electronic health record |
| ENA | European Nucleotide Archive |
| EQA | External quality assessment |
| FN | False negative |
| FP | False positive |
| FQ | Fluoroquinolone |
| GA4GH | Global Alliance for Genomics and Health |
| GLI | Global Laboratory Initiative |
| ICER | Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio |
| INSDC | International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration |
| KPI | Key performance indicator |
| LIMS | Laboratory information management system |
| LoD | Limit of detection |
| LoQ | Limit of quantitation |
| LPA | Line probe assay |
| LZD | Linezolid |
| NPA | Negative percent agreement |
| NPV | Negative predictive value |
| MIC | Minimum inhibitory concentration |
| MTB | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| MTBC | Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex |
| NIAID | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases |
| NTC | Non-template control |
| NTM | Nontuberculous mycobacteria |
| ONT | Oxford Nanopore Technologies |
| OPA | Overall percent agreement |
| pDST | Phenotypic drug susceptibility testing |
| PPA | Positive percent agreement |
| PPV | Positive predictive value |
| QA | Quality assurance |
| QRDR | Quinolone resistance-determining region |
| RACI | Responsible, accountable, consulted, and informed |
| RRDR | Rifampicin resistance-determining region |
| SNP | Single-nucleotide polymorphism |
| SNV | Single-nucleotide variant |
| SOP | Standard operating procedure |
| SRA | Sequence Read Archive |
| TAT | Turnaround time |
| TB | Tuberculosis |
| TDM | Therapeutic drug monitoring |
| Tm | Melting temperature |
| TN | True negative |
| TP | True positive |
| tNGS | Targeted next-generation sequencing |
| UMI | Unique molecular identifier |
| UNG | Uracil-DNA glycosylase |
| VAF | Variant allele frequency |
| VUS | Variant of uncertain significance |
| WGS | Whole-genome sequencing |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| WTP | Willingness to pay |