| PPA | Parental Presence/Absence |
| PAP | Parental Active Presence |
| PPP | Parental Passive Presence |
| PPAT | Parental Presence/Absence Technique |
| RCT | Randomized Controlled Trial |
| M/F | Male/Female |
| P/A | Parent Present/Absent |
| NI | Not Informed |
| HR | Heart Rate |
| LA | Local Anaesthesia |
| MDAS | Modified Dental Anxiety Scale |
| CFSS-DS | Children’s Fear Survey Schedule—Dental Subscale |
| VAS | Venham Anxiety Scale |
| Frankl | Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale |
| WBFPS | Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale |
| FIS | Facial Image Scale |
| ACDAS | Abeer Children’s Dental Anxiety Scale |
| IQ | Intelligence Quotient |
| JBI | Joanna Briggs Institute |
| PRISMA | Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses |