ATAC-Seq	Assay for transposase-accessible chromatin by sequencing
CAR-NK	Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cell
CFU	Colony-forming unit
CRISPR	Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
CVD	Cardiovascular disease
IAA	Indole-3-acetic acid
IgA	Immunoglobulin A
IL-22	Interleukin-22
ILC2s	Group 2 innate lymphoid cells
ILC3s	Group 3 innate lymphoid cells
IPA	Indole-3-propionic acid
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
MASLD	Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
MS	Multiple sclerosis
MWAS	Metabolome-wide association study
NF-κB	Nuclear factor-kappa B
RA	Rheumatoid arthritis
SCFAs	Short-chain fatty acids
T1D	Type 1 diabetes
TH1	T helper cell 1
TH2	T helper cell 2
TH17	T helper cell 17
TLR	Toll-like receptor
TMAO	Trimethylamine N-oxide
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
UDCA	Ursodeoxycholic acid
3-HPP	3-(3-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid