| ANOVA | Analysis of variance |
| CarE | Carboxylesterase |
| CYP450 | Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases |
| DMs | Differential metabolites |
| ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| GST | Glutathione S-transferase |
| KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |
| LC-MS | Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry |
| PAL | Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase |
| POD | Peroxidase |
| QC | Quality control |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| VIP | Variable Importance in Projection |