LBP	Low back pain
MoH	Ministry of Health
GBD	Global Burden of Disease
NICE	National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
EtD	Evidence-to-Decision
RCTs	Randomized controlled trials
SBST	STarT Back Screening Tool
AUC	Under the curve
R2	R-squared
ODI	Oswestry Disability Index
CPRIS	Chronic Pain Risk Item Set
LBPPS	Low Back Pain Perception Scale
ÖMPQ	Modified Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire
mos	Months
mo	Month
CI	Confidence interval
SF-12	12-Item Short Form Survey
VAS	Visual Analogue Scale
HADS	Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
RMDQ	Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire
MD	Mean difference
RR	Risk ratio
QALYs	Quality-adjusted life years
X-ray	Plain radiography
MRI	Magnetic resonance imaging
SF-36	36-Item Short Form Survey
ALBPS	Aberdeen Low Back Pain Score
y	Year
NSAIDs	Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NRS	Numeric Rating Scale
EQ-5D	EuroQol 5-Dimension
BDI	Beck Depression Inventory
HR	Hazard ratio
CBT	Cognitive behavioural therapy
MBIs	Mindfulness-based interventions
CT	Cognitive therapy
MPQ	McGill Pain Questionnaire
PAIRS	Pain and Impairment Relationship Scale
PDI	Pain Disability Index
HSI	Health Status Inventory
wks	Weeks
BMI	Body mass index
yrs	Years
OR	Odds ratio
SBI	Sciatica Bothersomeness Index
VNS	Visual Numeric Scale
LBPBI	Low Back Pain Bothersomeness
RF	Radiofrequency
PNE	Pain neuroscience education;
TSK	Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
GLITtER	Green Light Imaging Intervention to Enhance Recovery