| ARP | Alveolar ridge preservation |
| OCT | Optical coherence tomography |
| TSS | Two- stage sintering |
| IU | International unit |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health |
| ROI | Region of interest |
| EDTA | ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
| HE | Hematoxylin-eosin |
| SPSS | Statistical Package for Social Sciences |
| SD | Standard deviation |