| GAD65-L. lactis | recombinant Lactococcus lactis vaccine expressing GAD65 |
| T1D | type 1 diabetes |
| 16S rRNA sequencing | Integrated analyses of gut microbiota |
| DC (s) | dendritic cell (s) |
| Treg (s) | regulatory T cell (s) |
| SCFA (s) | short-chain fatty acid (s) |
| GAD65-L. lactis | recombinant Lactococcus lactis vaccine expressing GAD65 |
| T1D | type 1 diabetes |
| 16S rRNA sequencing | Integrated analyses of gut microbiota |
| DC (s) | dendritic cell (s) |
| Treg (s) | regulatory T cell (s) |
| SCFA (s) | short-chain fatty acid (s) |