T2DM	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
GC–MS	Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
LCA	Lithocholic Acid
HOMA-IR	Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance
16S rRNA	16S Ribosomal RNA
SCFAs	Short-Chain Fatty Acids
BSH	Bile Salt Hydrolase
TGR5	Takeda G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 5
FXR	Farnesoid X Receptor
Akk	Akkermansia muciniphila
BAs	Bile Acids
GLP-1	Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
TβMCA	Tauro-β-Muricholic Acid
FPG	Fasting Plasma Glucose
PBS	Phosphate-Buffered Saline
BHI	Brain Heart Infusion
NC	Normal Control
HFD	High-Fat Diet
TM	Type 2 Diabetes Model
MET	Metformin
FBG	Fasting Blood Glucose
FINS	Fasting Insulin
ALT	Alanine Aminotransferase
AST	Aspartate Aminotransferase
TC	Total Cholesterol
TG	Triglyceride
LBP	Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
OGTT	Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
AUC	Area Under the Curve
ITT	Insulin Tolerance Test
PCoA	Principal Coordinate Analysis
PCA	Principal Component Analysis
LEfSe	Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size
MDCA	Murichodeoxycholic Acid
GUDCA	Glycoursodeoxycholic Acid
SCFA	Short-Chain Fatty Acid
ASV	Amplicon Sequence Variant
UPLC	Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography
ESI	Electrospray Ionization
MRM	Multiple Reaction Monitoring
OD600	Optical Density at 600 nm
Ct	Cycle Threshold
PCR	Polymerase Chain Reaction
qPCR	Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction
GUS	β-Glucuronidase
6-ketoLCA	3α-Hydroxy-6-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oic Acid
3-oxoDCA	3-Oxo-Deoxycholic Acid
CDCA-3S	Chenodeoxycholic Acid-3-Sulfate
ILCA	Iso-Lithocholic Acid
RORγt	Retinoic-Acid-Related Orphan Receptor Gamma t
BMI	Body Mass Index
GSA	Genome Sequence Archive
CNCB	China National Center for Bioinformation