DACL-Net: A Dual-Branch Attention-Based CNN-LSTM Network for DOA Estimation

. 2026 Jan 22;26(2):743. doi: 10.3390/s26020743

Algorithm 2 Spectrum Attention Mechanism (SAM)

1:
Initialize: All-ones learnable array $m a s k^{n}$
2:
# Transform the input series into frequency domain

$s p^{n} \leftarrow D F T (x^{n})$
3:
# Element-wise multiply $s p e c t r u m$ by $m a s k$

$m a s k e d_s p^{n} \leftarrow s p^{n} \cdot m a s k^{n}$
4:
# Transform the $s p e c t r u m$ back into the time domain

$x_{s a m}^{n} \leftarrow I D F T (m a s k e d_s p^{n})$